昂立托雅-托福分类词汇

1、昂立托雅-托福分类词汇ONLYTOYA1Astronomy天文astronomy天文学astronomical天文的astronomicalobservatory天文台astronomer天文学家astrophysics天文物理学astrology占星学pseudoscience伪科学cosmos(universe)宇宙cosmology宇宙学infinite无限的cosmic宇宙的cosmicradiation宇宙辐射cosmicrays宇宙射线celestial天的celestialbody(heavenlybody)天体celestialmap(skyatlas)天体图celestial

2、sphere天球dwarf(dwarfstar)矮星quasar类星体，类星射电源constellation星座galaxy(MilkyWay)新河系cluster星团solarsystem太阳系solarcorona日冕solareclipse日食solarradiation太阳辐射planet行星planetoid(asteroid)小行星revolve旋转，绕转twinkle闪烁nakedeye肉眼Mercury水星Venus金星Earth地球Mars火星Jupiter木星Saturn土星Uranus天王星Neptune海王星昂立托雅英语分类词汇英语分类词汇Pluto冥王星orbit轨道

3、spin旋转satellite卫星lunar月球的meteor流星meteorshower流星雨meteoroid流星体meteorite陨石comet彗星space(outerspace)太空，外层空间spacecraft(spaceship)宇宙飞船spaceman(astronaut)宇航员，航天员spacesuit宇航服,航天服spaceshuttle航天飞机spacetelescope空间望远镜astronaut宇航员star恒星stellar恒星的intergalactic星系间的interstellar恒星间的interplanetary行星间的asteroid小行星nebula

4、星云spacedebris太空垃圾ammonia匆corona日冕chromosphere色球photosphere色球层convectionzone对流层vacuum真空infraredray红外线chondrite球粒absolutemagnitude绝对量级radiation辐射emission发射，散发high-resolution高清晰度interferometer干扰仪2Geography地理geography地理1ONLYTOYAgeographer地理学家hemisphere半球meridian子午线，经线parallel平行圈，纬线latitude经度longitude精度e

5、levation海拔altitude高度temperatelatitudes温带地区horizon地平线equator赤道tropics热带地区Arctic北极Antarctic(Antarctica)南极expedition探险timezone时区topogr叩hy地形，地形学plain平原plateau(highland)高地lowland低地basin盆地cavern(cave)洞穴terrain地域subterranean(underground)地底下coastland沿海地区island岛屿continentalisland大陆岛volcanicisland火山岛coralisla

6、nd珊瑚岛islet小岛peninsular半岛continent大陆continentalshelf大陆架ranges山脉valley峡谷canyon峡谷channel(strait)海峡remote-sensing遥感的terrestrial地球的，陆地的terrestrialheat(geothermal)上也热terrestrialmagnetism(geomagnetism)地磁continentaldrift大陆漂移学说sea-floorspreading海床扩展昂立托雅英语分类词汇evaporation蒸发salinity含盐度oceanbottom海床sediment沉淀物，沉

7、积物tropical热带的temperate温带的frigid寒带的formation形成frostheaving冻胀现象fieldstone卵石Geology地质学geologist地质学家crust地壳mantle地幔core地核continentalcrust大陆地壳oceaniccrust海洋地壳layer(stratum,复数strata)地层plate板块fault断层faultplane断层面faultzone断层带rift(crack;split)断裂disintegration(decomposition)分解erosion腐蚀fbssil化石igneousrock火成岩se

8、dimentaryrock沉积岩metamorphicrock变质岩quartz石英limestone石灰岩marble大理石granite花岗岩lithogenous岩成的lithosphere岩石圈magma岩浆mineral矿物ore矿石deposit矿床platinum白金,钳silver银copper黄铜aluminum铝2ONLYTOYAtin锡lead铅zinc锌nickel银mercury汞，水银sodium钠gem宝石diamond钻石emerald绿宝石ruby红宝石glacier冰川glacial冰川的glacialepoch(age,period)冰川期glaciald

9、rift冰渍iceberg冰山volcano火山activevolcano活火山extinctvolcano死火山dormantvolcano休口民火山eruption火山喷发crater火山口lava火山岩浆volcanic火山的volcanicdust火山尘volcanicash火山灰earthquake(quake;tremor;seism)上也震seismic地震的seismologyt也震学magnitude震级seismicwave地震波cataclysm灾变Anthropologist人类学家paleoanthropologist古人类学家ecologicalanthropolo

10、gist生态人类学家psychologicalanthropologist心理人类学家origin起源originate起源于ancestor祖先hominid人(科)homogeneous同一种族(种类)的tribe部落clan氏族archeologist考古学家昂立托雅英语分类词汇excavation挖掘excavate(unearth)挖掘ruins遗迹，废墟remains遗迹，遗骸artifact手工艺品relic遗物，文物antique古物，古董antiquity古代,古老StoneAge石器时代BronzeAge(青)铜器时代IronAge铁器时代Paleolithic旧石器时代的

11、Mesolithic中石器时代的Neolithic新石器时代的archaeology考古学anthropology人类学morphology形态学skull颅骨cranial颅骨的Ecology生态学ecologist生态学家ecosystem生态系统balance(ofnature)自然界生态平衡fauna动物群flora植物群rainfbrest雨林foodchain食物链acidrain酸雨greenhouseeffect温室效应infraredradiation红外线辐射ozonelayer(ozonosphere)臭氧层ultravioletradiation紫外辐射pollutio

12、n污染pollutioncontrol污染控制airpollution空气污染waterpollution水污染noisepollution噪音污染soilpollution土壤污染pollution-free无污染pollutant污染物noxious(toxic)有毒的fumes(有毒)废气waste废物3ONLYTOYAsolidwaste固体垃圾sewage(wastewater)污水sewagepurification污水净化sewagedisposal污水处理decibel(噪音)分贝Meteorology气象meteorology气象meteorologist气象学家foreca

13、st(predict)预报climate气候atmosphere大气层troposphereX寸流层current(气)流vapor蒸汽evaporate蒸发damp(wet;moist;humid)潮湿的humidity湿度moisture潮湿；水分saturate饱和dew露frost霜fbg(mist)雾smog烟雾droplet小水珠condense浓缩crystal水晶体downpour(torrentialrain)大雨tempest(storm)暴风雨drizzle细雨shower阵雨hail冰也blizzard(snowstorm)暴风雪avalanche(snowslide)

14、雪崩precipitation(雨、露、雪等)降水breeze微风gale大风whirlwind旋风typhoon台风hurricane飓风tornado(twister,cyclone)龙卷风funnel漏斗，漏斗云disaster(calamity,catastrophe)灾难devastation破坏昂立托雅英语分类词汇submerge淹没drought旱灾Chemistry化学chemicalproperty化学特性，化学性质chemicalcomposition(makeup)化学成分chemicalagent化学试剂chemicalreaction化学反应chemicalchang

15、e化学变化chemicalbond化学键chemicalapparatus化学器械substance(matter;material)物质element元素periodictable周期表hydrogen氢oxygen氧nitrogen氮helium氮carbon碳calcium钙silicon硅sulfur硫iodine碘compound化合物hydrocarbon碳氢化合物derivative衍生物alchemy炼金术petroleum(oil)石油petroleumproducts石油产品crudeoil原油refine提炼，精炼gasoline汽油methane甲烷solution溶液

16、dissolve溶解solvent溶剂solubility可溶性cohesive聚合力adhesive粘合力atom原子nucleus原子核electron电子neutron中子proton质子ONLYTOYA molecule 离子particle accelerator catalysis 4昂立托雅英语分类词汇粒子ion分子particle粒子加速器（复数catalyses）催化作用catalystartificialsyntheticfiberplastic催化剂人造的synthetic合成的人造纤维polymer聚合物polymerization聚合作用.塑料dye染料cosmeti

17、cs化妆品8.Physics物理physicsmechanicselectromagnetismopticsdynamicsvelocityaccelerationequilibriumstatics惯性gravitation对gravity物理力学thermodynamics热力学acoustics声学.电磁学光学动力学force力速度加速度平衡s静力学motion运动inertia引力relativity相地心引力5vibrationfrequency音高intensityresonanceultrasonicselectricitymagnetismmagnetelectriccurre

18、nt交流电electriccircuitelectricvoltageelectricapplianceinsulatorsemiconductorbatterystorageelectronics震动medium(media)媒质频率wavelength波长pitch强度echo5ekEu回声回声，洪亮sonar声纳超声学电staticelectricity静电磁性，磁力磁体electromagnet电磁magneticfield磁场电流directcurrent(DC)直流电alternatingcurrent(AC)电路electriccharge电荷电压electricshock触电电

19、器conductor导体绝缘体半导体(cell)电池drybattery干电池battery蓄电池电子学electronic电子的electroniccomponent(part)电子零件integratedcircuit集成电路集成电器片，集成块electron tube chip电子管ONLYTOYA昂立托雅英语分类词汇vacuumamplificationtube真空管transistor晶体管(名词)放大amplify（动词）放大amplifier放大器，扬声器oscillation震荡optical光（学）的0Pticalfiber光学纤维lens透镜，镜片convex凸透镜conc

20、ave凹透镜microscope显微镜telescope望远镜magnifier放大镜spectrum光谱ultravioletXraysX射线紫外线Gammaraysy射线infraredrays红夕卜线microwaves微波dispersion色散transparent透明translucent半透明opaque不透明的9Mathematics数学mathematics数学mathematician数学家arithmetic算术calculation1计算calculator计算器abacus算盘numeral擞字sum和total(sumtotal)总和，总数aggregate总计fr

21、action分数，小数decimal十进位，（十进）小6数digit数字，数位percentage加上百分比addition加法plussubtraction减法minus减去multiplication乘法multiplicationtable乘法表multiply乘以times乘以power乘方square平方division除法divide除以algebra代数quantity表示量的数(或符号)equation根方程式，等式formula公式rootgeometry几何geometric几何的dimension维paralleladj.平行的n.平行线quadrilateral四边形s

22、quare正方形area面积rectangle长方形，矩形polygon多边形cube地的，农业的试验性的立方形volume.二体积sphere球形circle圆形ellipse(oval)椭圆形cone圆锥形circumference圆周diameter值径ONLYTOYA昂立托雅英语分类词汇radius半径triangle三角形angle角degree*角)度calculus微积分differentialcalculus微分学integralcalculus积分学function函数probability概率statistics统计quantitative量的，数量的qualitative

23、质的，质量的deduction(inference)推论,演绎induction归纳10Agriculture农业agriculture(fanning)农业agricultural农业的land(soil)土壤；土地soilconservation.壤保护soilerosion泥土流失silt粉砂，泥沙clay黏土，湿土clod土块agrarianpilot(experimental)harrow(rake)furrowranchplantation耙，耙土ridge田展犁沟plot(patch)小块地.农场，牧场种植园orchard果园nursery苗圃7seedbedshoveltrac

24、torcultivate(till)harvestirrigate苗床sickle镰刀spade铲，锹(平头)铲pick稿拖拉机谶作sow(seed)播种收割weed除草灌溉manure(fertilizer)肥料spray喷洒(农药)insecticide(pesticide)杀虫剂pestt害虫rust锈病grain碾，磨cereal)谷物，谷粒granary(grainstore)粮仓millwheat.barley.小麦corn玉米rice大米大麦sorghum高粱oats燕麦rye黑麦milletvegetablehorticulturehydroponics粟，小米蔬菜园艺学水栽法

25、，营养液栽培法greenhouse(glasshouse,hotbed)温室cabbage洋白菜lettuce生菜mustard芥菜spinachbroccolicucumber.菠菜花椰菜黄瓜eggplant茄子ONLYTOYA昂立托雅英语分类词汇pepperpumpkin辣椒南瓜tomato.晒红柿beet甜菜carrotsoybean大蒜leek胡萝卜radish小红萝卜pea豌豆大豆celery芹菜garlic韭菜onion 洋葱头 potato 土豆 peanut 花生sesame芝麻cotton棉花husbandry(animalhusbandry)畜牧业pasture牧场live

26、stock家畜fowl(poultry)家禽cattle牛，家畜buffalo野牛dairy(dairycattle)奶牛dairyfarm乳牛场hay(作饲料用)干草haystack干草堆fodder(feed)饲料trough饲料槽bam(shed)牲口槽stable厩，马厩cowshed牛棚pigpen(hogpen,pigsty)猪圈sheepfold(sheeppen)羊栏roost(henhouse)鸡舍fishfann养鱼场aquaculture水产养殖11Animal动物达尔文学Darvinism8说naturalselection自然选择class纲order目family科

27、genus属suborder亚目species种invertebrate无脊椎动物vertebrate脊椎动物aquatic(life)reptile爬行动物amphibian(amphibiousanimal)两栖动物dinosaur恐龙bird鸟类extinction灭绝mammal哺乳动物primates灵长目动物insect昆虫antenna(复数antennae)触须larva幼虫，幼体camouflage伪装pest害虫worm虫，蠕虫hibernate冬眠lizard蜥蜴水生动物chameleon变色蜥蜴再生turtle龟beast野兽regenerationdomesticat

28、e驯养predatory(carnivorous)食肉的predator捕食者prey(动词)捕食(名词)被捕食的动物scavenger食腐动物migratewing翅膀，翼bill（鸟）嘴beak（鹰等的）嘴nest筑巢dolphin海豚whale.鲸鱼bat.蝙蝠gorilla大猩猩chimpanzee黑猩猩habitat栖息地rodent啮齿动物（如松鼠）plankton.浮游生物mollusk软体动物coelenterate腔肠动物（如珊瑚）shrimp小虾prawnn对虾lobster对虾crab螃蟹clam.蛤蝌sponge海绵coral珊瑚starfish海星canary金丝雀c

29、hirp（鸟，虫的叫声）唧唧squeak（老鼠等）吱吱porpoises海豚sloth树懒slothful懒惰的hygiene卫生sanitation卫生parasite寄生虫moth蛾caterpillar毛虫hordes(昆虫等避swarmsm（昆虫等）群flock（鸟，羊等）群community动物的群落或人的部落herd兽群bunch（花等）束，捧beaver海狸9monogamous一夫一妻的，一雄一雌的polygamousf一夫多妻的，一雄多雌的polyandrous,-妻多夫的，一雌多雄的trapper诱捕动物者rhinoceros犀牛niche小生态环境vestige退化器官，

30、遗迹oyster牡蛎larvae幼虫tentacle触角homotherm恒温动物poikilotherm变温动物metabolism新陈代谢baboon狒狒breed（名词）品种，（动词）繁殖multiply(reproduce)繁殖hatch孵spawn（鱼、虾、蛙等）孵offspring.-后代anatomy解剖学appetite食欲creature昂立托雅英语分类词汇ONLYTOYA迁移microbe 微生物herbivorous 食草的 carnivorous 肉的 omnivorous 杂事的12 Plant 植物botany 植物学botanist 植物学家botanical .

31、(botanic)植物的 plant 植物aquatic plant 水生植物 parasite 生物物root根plant寄生植ONLYTOYAcanopy树冠层，顶棚foliage(leaf)叶leafletrosette小叶叶的)丛生stem茎stalk杆leafstalk叶柄shoot(sprout)嫩芽，抽枝flower花bud花蕾petalhuskbranch花瓣peel（skin）果皮shell（硬）果壳（干）果壳；（玉米）苞叶trunk树干树枝bough大或者粗的树枝twig小树枝bark树皮jungle丛林lawn草坪meadow(bush)灌木clusterphotosyn

32、thesis共生witherpollinate细胞tissueseedseverlastingcrossbreed草地，牧场prairie大草原shrub一簇(灌木)fem蕨类植物herb草光合作用symbiosis(shrivel,fade)凋谢pollen花粉传授花粉pollination授粉cell组织organ器官system系统种子永久的orchid兰花杂交sequoia红杉昂立托雅英语分类词汇rootpressure根压cohesion-tension凝聚压力bore腔，肠columnimmunity花柱免疫organism生物，有机物necrosis坏死barren贫瘠futil

33、e无用的carbohydrate（starch）碳水化合物（淀粉），糖类glucose葡萄糖starch淀粉fat脂肪protein蛋白质vitamin.维他命calorie卡路里（热量单位）malnourished营养不良的nutritionf营养13Politics政治constitution宪法legislation立法Democrats民主党Republicans共和党Amendment修正案Congress美国国会Senate参议院HouseofRepresentatives众议院monarchy君主制anarchism.无政府主义federalsystem联邦制presidenti

34、alsystem总统制10ONLYTOYA昂立托雅英语分类词汇municipal.市的，市政的metropolitan.大都市的centralized中央集权的ideology.1意识形态maneuver擦略tariff关税immigrant移民institutionalize机构化election.选举vote投票officeholding任职veto否决AmericanRevolution美国革命/独立战争IndependenceWar美国独立战争AmericanCivilWar美国内战radical激进的，根本的overturning颠覆性的independentbreathtakingmilitarycolonizetreasonconspiracyimprisonmentreleaseaccusation.welfare独立的激动人心的军事的拓殖，殖民percapita人均叛国阴谋监禁释放pardon特赦.谴责，指控福利11patronage资助，赞助unionization联合，结合14Education教育educator.教育家highereducation高等教育moralcharacter道德品质domaintreasurer领域faculty全体教员alumni校友生活委员，财