工业设计 毕业设计 外文翻译

1、毕业设计论文外文翻译题 目 战后重建：IDEO和迈克尔格雷夫斯为伤残的退役军人设计的家专 业 工 业 设 计 班 级 2021 级 0 1 班 学 生 李 静 指导教师 郭 园重庆交通大学 2021 年战后重建:IDEO和迈克尔.格雷夫斯为残疾的退役军人设计的家元林仪发表于在不到一个月的时间里,最后的驻军伊拉克的美军准备回家.美国已经做好准备去庆祝这个痛苦的令人担忧的政治和战争时代的结束,退伍军人和他们的家人即将面临他们的另一个巨大的挑战:回到家迎接一个和平时期的常态.通常,美国的男女军人都带着他们身体和心理上的疼痛回家.基于他们特殊的能力和参考去寻找适应他们生活环境的变通方法.今天, ,当美

2、国贝尔沃堡军队和克拉克物业把在军事基地上建筑的新模型:伤员的家展示出来的时候, IDEO和迈克尔格雷夫斯组织他们的工作就活泼起来了伤员之家这个工程是和弗吉尼亚洲的一家房地产公司克拉克物业合作的，并得到了国防部的支持，自发性的为效劳人员们开发私有化的住房。运用IDEO的以人为中心的设计程序，调查小组观察和采访了10位市民和20位受伤的士兵，“通过会见他们的家人，以及从差不多20多位专家的反响。IDEO的工作人员问他们问题，意指说明怎样从现役军人受伤后恢复到平民生活中，什么能够使他们的经历更高贵、更健康，又是什么让他们和家人、亲密的朋友以及这个世界重新联系在一起。“IDEO沉浸在伤兵们自我恢复和治

3、疗的过程中，同时也咨询很多医学专家和利益团体。通过他们的进行，团队很快意识到没有一个受伤的士兵时这样的，相反，他们的工作行为是需要适应大范围的交互，同时也需要身心障碍效劳。IDEO从这次调查中鉴定出7个双重性：详细说明的地方、没有说明的地方：一个家庭从来就不是一成不变的。在一个家庭里面，角色的转变、偏好的改变，以及最重要的，身体和心理的重创支配一个进化装置的挑战。这就要求不管在有说明的地方还是没有注明的地方都要有灵活的设计。人们希望自己是家的建筑师。开放式的空间能给他们足够的空间，想象为自己塑造的积极地未来。移动的根：当他们每隔几年被猛提起,定下来是很难的。持续不断转瞬即逝的军队生活的地方是额

4、外需要家庭的。人们不愿觉得他们只是路过,短时工,从一个地方到另一个地方。他们想要家去感觉他们终于到达了目的地。流动性和深深的扎根可以决定大量的幸福。内外结合：诗人、探索者和修复理疗师都知道人体巨大的自愈能力。在任何人遭受创伤，生理或者心理问题时，这是一个巨大的礼物。外面的世界甚至后院都是深呼吸的地方,也就是自由的地方。自然是大自然之力。这个双重性是关于将外面世界的经验带回到家里，同样重要的是，确保外面的旅程是短暂的，容易的，愉悦的。可见的&隐形的平安性：精神上的创伤,来自岗位战斗的压力,困床问题-这些都是使他们很难感觉到平安的因素。人们总是想保护他们隐私，但是360度对外界完全可见。这个二重性

5、是关于通过隐藏和减少曝光来提供平安的，同时也可以通过能见度，即时通信，和控制他们的环境来制造平安感。社交隐私：有时候，人们将他们自己的家看做避难所，休息的地方，一个隐人反思的地方。其他时候，人们看待他们的家是一个与世隔绝地方。家必须是一个给人舒舒服服休息的地方，是一个度过喧闹美好时光的地方，同时也是一个有益身体健康的地方。唯一，正常：这里有两个截然不同的要求：无论是重要的身体问题，还是心理的伤害都有渴望有一个正常生活。就像其他正常人一样，没有任何特殊待遇。但是其二，需要明显的特殊住宿来显著增加生活质量。在家里，目标就是要到达一个平衡点：就是轮椅上的梦想之家，但是经常呈现出来的状况只是平淡无奇的

6、生活。旧的自我，新的自我：康复过程是一个漫长而崎岖的道路。早期阶段是修复伤害，重新建立起所失去的东西。随着时间的过去，伤员们唯一的目的就是促使自己自我完善和自我改造。人类的美就是表现在遭受巨大损失的同时也能激发获得巨大的收益。这需要那个建筑可以给人以鼓舞其恢复，不管是在哪或者不管要花多少时间。特定正常的居住空间里，私人小角落里可见与不可见得平安性今天揭示的伤员之家模型是一种创新的、灵活的, 能够满足不仅仅是残疾退伍军人的需要，而是广泛的面临身体障碍的人们。克拉克物业和建筑师迈克尔格雷夫斯建好了第一个家-格雷夫斯将他自己的见解带到了这个工程中。格雷夫斯曾经下半身瘫痪，致使他必须坐上轮椅近十年，通

7、过他的这个经历，他获得了更重要的经验，不管是不是有移动困难的人他们怎么生活，怎么工作。我们很快乐看到格雷夫斯从IDEO调查中获得的概念来建筑了这个敬爱，以及这个建筑今天在贝尔沃堡收到关注。Core77有这个时机同IDEO的设计师阿尔泰森迪尔和这个伤员之家工程的领导坐在一起，从这个独特的工程中学习更多的过程和经验。Core77：什么是“伤员之家的这个工程，它是怎么发生的？阿尔泰森迪尔：伤员之家的工程是一个在军事基地里的一个新型的容易接触的房屋。在克拉克物业的领导下，以及在迈克尔格雷夫斯的组织下，我们设计的家是为了现役的效劳人员在受伤后重新回到现役任务。这将会充当未来家庭模型，在今天就曝光出来。这

8、个工程是全国性挑战的结果：美国的服役人员在战场上受伤后必须找到变通方法去适应他们回家后的生活。这些伤员们有多种多样的不管圣体上的或者心理上的需求，是不能在生活环境里处理的，即使他们遵从美国人残障法。克拉克公司想重新考虑可接触家和设计，不仅仅是符合传统的可触及的标准，这样才能更好的支持伤员之家的进展需要，他们请IDEO来帮组他们做更深入的设计，然后帮助不管是不是残障人士都可以居住的普遍的包容空间。在我们的工作完成后，格雷夫斯就参与和施工队伍一起完成设计和建造房屋的工作进程中。我们对克拉克的不懈追求印象深刻，他在这个过程中他总是将伤员们和他们的要求摆在第一位。他们是很好的一对组合，致力于以人为本挑

9、战设计优良功能性的，易接触的，和任何人都渴望的家居环境。你从那些残疾的退伍军人的生活中发现了什么，你是怎么设计他们的家来改善他们的生活的呢？我们打算真正的理解那些平民家庭，以及一直忍受着各种伤害的服役人员他们的经历。这些跨越了身体上，精神上和认知挑战，包括烧伤、失明或者视觉损伤、单个或者多个截肢、创伤后应激障碍、外伤性脑损伤和失忆。我们自己也沉浸在活肤和治疗的过程中，同时也沉浸在找到军人家庭生活设计的时机的独特地意义。我们同许多个工业专家一起工作，包括美国匹兹堡大学的研究人员和参军队中受伤的战士方案(AW2) 的提倡人。由于大范围的家庭力学，性格和偏好一直必须住在家里，军人家庭的生活发生频繁的

10、变化，很明显，我们的设计必须适应大范围的互动和需要。我们发现那并不是一个伤员，一个集体或者共同经验。相反，我们发现者存在着一系列的双重性。【见上面】很明显，残疾有不同的范围-那么他们的家是怎么顾及访问性呢？家可以帮助心理恢复吗，就像身体恢复一样？我们旨在设计出不管是否是残障人士都渴望的住宅。我们鉴定出的这些双重性的其中一个例子，“里外结合它描述了将自然和外面的东西结合进来的重要性。这在治疗花园，周边通道，私人阳台和飘窗中都有反响出来。外界的自然元素扮演者一个积极催化剂的角色，不管是不是针对残障人士，在家都可以被发觉到，接触到。看看外面的世界，体验外面的世界，隐喻的意义和强大的自主访问户外都是我

11、们想要的时刻的空间,使任何潜在的居民。另外的一个二重性社交隐私形容的是人们怎么将他们的家看作是避难所,但是也想看到他们的家是怎么通过媒体或者面对面的交流提供与外界接触的时机。我们通过私人治疗空间里的平板显示器和高分辨率数码相机来表达这个房间允许人们从社会切换连接、远程治疗咨询。另一方面，大的开放的室内室外空间可以获得娱乐的时机。(上图)里外结合的二元性显示在一个院子的时候。(下列图)在一个适应社会隐私的办公套件。退伍军人的人格和在战场上的经历是怎么影响设计过程?一个有趣的模式是我们一开始认识到不同的受伤的战士是一种积极的态度,动力和决心，它们中的每一个都表现出来。治疗是一个长期的、富有挑战性的

12、道路,早期的阶段是关于修复损伤，重新建立失去的,重新校正他们新的标准。伤员们很快朝着自我完善和改造进化。他们理解自己在快节奏的外界的局限性,那未必满足他们特别的需要。适当的家庭角色含蓄的,也不是公开。例如,视力受损的服役人员，指定的不同外表和空间的高度比作为一个隐含的控制实验法的参考。虽然受伤的战士很感谢额外的支撑,但是他们还是想尽可能的生活的正常,所以他们很快的从我要怎么幸存到我要怎么成长?决心生活尽可能地正常,所以他们很快适应。多种升降的工作外表,家用电器和细木工家具让他们的空间更人性化，像厨房里面配置尽可能多的条条框框。退伍军人们要回到那个不能理解他们的国家了,设计师如何设计的产品和效劳

13、,去正向影响退伍军人的生活呢?为退役军人设计所需要的东西是意见很有趣的事,因为他不是政治上的,也不是红与蓝的判断，也不是关于你是赞成还是反对战争。当军人们分享他们的故事时,我们可以成认他们已经付出了什么,我们就能更好地理解他们作为公民,作为家人,作为真正的人的需求。我们可以更加紧密地领会这些共同的尺寸来我们的生活。我们什么时候能结束连接这些类似的目标和愿望,看他们在更大的职权范围的具体职责(往往是伴随损失),我们每个人都应该有一种更大的驱动,以创造一个积极的影响。没有人想要成为一个负担,这些男人和女人在设计过程中值得被我们尊重。这不是关于同情和难过,它是共鸣,是使产生积极效果成为可能。如果一个

14、设计师能够尊重和欣赏他们设计的对象,就会在设计经历中传达出高尚与正直。人内心的同情 “以人为本的设计使我们都有时机得到好处。Walt Disney Animation Studios is seeking a Senior Software Engineer, Animation Apps & UI in Burbank, California 原文 HYPERLINK :/ core77 /blog/giftguide/core77_ultimate_gift_guide_2021_featured_item_heirloom_seeds_21196.asp Core77 Ultimate

15、Gift Guide 2021 Featured Item: Heirloom Seeds HYPERLINK :/ core77 /blog/architecture/architecture_for_recovery_ideo_and_michael_graves_design_a_home_for_disabled_military_veterans_21224.asp Architecture for Recovery: IDEO and Michael Graves Design a Home for Disabled Military VeteransPosted by HYPER

16、LINK :/ core77 /about/cloggers.asp l LinYee Yuan LinYee Yuan|30 Nov 2021 | Flexible kitchen design in the Wounded Warrior home. All images and video courtesy of IDEOIn less than a month, the last American troops stationed in Iraq are set to return home. As the United States prepares to celebrate the

17、 close of a painfully fraught era of politics and war, veterans and their families face the beginning of their next great challenge: returning home and acclimating to a peacetime normalcy. Oftentimes, United States military men and women carry the physical and emotional wounds of their service home

18、with them, finding workarounds to cope with their surroundings based on individual capabilities and preferences. Today, IDEO and Michael Graves Associates see their work come alive as the U.S. Army Fort Belvoir and Clark Realty Capital unveil a new model for building accessible homes on military ins

19、tallations: the HYPERLINK :/ ideo /work/designing-the-ideal-home-for-wounded-warriors t _blank Wounded Warrior home.The Wounded Warrior project is a collaboration with the Virginia-based real estate firm Clark Realty Capital and supported by a Department of Defense initiative to develop privatized h

20、ousing for service members. Using IDEOs human-centered design process, the team interviewed and observed 10 civilians and 20 injured soldiers, meeting with their loved ones, and getting feedback from nearly two dozen experts. IDEO asked questions that shed light on how active duty service members re

21、sume civilian life after debilitating injuries, what could make their experience more dignified and healthy, and what might reconnect them with family, close friends, and the world. IDEO also immersed itself in the recovery and therapy process for disabled veterans and consulted with dozens of medic

22、al experts and advocacy groups.Through their process, the team quickly realized that there was no one Wounded Warrior, but instead, their work would need to accommodate a wide range of interactions and needs of disabled service men and women. IDEO identified seven dualities from their research:Well-

23、Defined, Undefined Spaces: A home is never set in stone. In a household, roles shift, preferences change and most important, physical and mental impairments dictate an evolving set of challenges. This demands a flexible design that allow for both defined and undefined space. People wish to be the ar

24、chitect of their own home. Open-ended space gives them square feet to imagine an optimism and future they shape themselves.Mobile Roots: Its difficult to sink down roots when theyre yanked up every few years. The constant flux of transient military life places extra demands on a family. People dont

25、want to feel theyre just passing through, short timers, skipping from base to base. They want home to feel like theyve finally arrived at their destination. The dynamic of mobility and deep roots often decides a big chunk of happiness.Inside Out, Outside In: Poets, explorers, and rehab therapists al

26、l know the immense healing powers of nature. Its a tremendous gift for anyone suffering wounds, physical or mental. The outside world or even back patio is a deep-breath metaphor for freedom. Nature is force of nurture. This duality is about bringing the outside experience inside the homeand equally

27、 important, making sure the journey outside is short, effortless, and joyful.Visible & Invisible Security: Trauma, post combat stress, reduced mobilitythese are issues that make it hard to feel safe and secure. People want the protection of their hidden cocoon but also a total 360 degree visual awar

28、eness of their surroundings. Its about providing security through concealment and reduced exposureyet also creating security through visibility, instant communication, and control of their environment. Social Privacy: Sometimes people view their home as a sanctuary, a retreat, a place of privacy and

29、 introspection. Other times, people see their home as a gateway to the outside worldto social and cultural connections that both determine well-being. A home must be a restful oasis and a place for raucous good timesboth equally therapeutic.Uniquely Normal: Here are two distinct and contrary require

30、ments: the desire to live a normal life despite significant physical and often mental wounds. Normal in the just like everybody-else sense. No special treatment whatsoever. But second, the obvious need for specific accommodations that dramatically improve quality of life. In the home, the goal is to

31、 strike that balance: a wheel chair-friendly dream home, but one that appears ordinary, nothing more than plain wonderful normal life.Old Self, New Self: Healing is a long and winding road. The early stages are about repairing the damage, rebuilding what was lost. Over time, the unique determination

32、 of Wounded Warriors drive them toward self-improvement and transformation. The human beauty is that great loss also inspires tremendous new gain. This calls for an architecture that encourages that recovery, no matter where or how far that journey takes themVisible and Invisible Security in private

33、 nooks in a Uniquely Normal Living Room.Todays unveiling of the Wounded Warrior model home represents an innovative and flexible approach to addressing the needs of not only disabled military veterans, but a wide-ranging group of people facing physical disabilities. Clark Realty partnered with archi

34、tect Michael Graves to build the first homesGraves brought his personal insights to the project. Graves has suffered from lower-body paralysis that has confined him to a wheelchair for nearly a decade, and through this experience, he has gained significant expertise into how people live and work, wh

35、ether mobility challenged or not. Were excited to see which concepts Graves took from IDEOs work and how the build will be realized today in Fort Belvoir.Core77 had the opportunity to sit down with Altay Sendil, IDEO designer and project lead for the Wounded Warrior house to learn more about the pro

36、cess and learnings from this unique project:Core77: What is the Wounded Warrior Home Project and how did it come about?Altay Sendil: The Wounded Warrior Home Project is a new model for accessible homes on military bases. Led by Clark Realty Capital, and together with Michael Graves of Michael Graves

37、 and Associates, we designed homes for service members returning to active duty after being injured. The first two, which will serve as models for future homes, will be unveiled today, November 30th, at Fort Belvoir, Virginia. The project is a result of a nationwide challenge: U.S. service members i

38、njured in the field must find workarounds and ways to adapt when they return home. These Wounded Warriors have varied physical and psychological needs that arent always addressed in their living environments, even if they comply with the Americans with Disabilities Act guidelines. Clark Realty Capit

39、al wanted to rethink accessible homes and design beyond these conventional accessibility codes to better support the evolving needs of Wounded Warrior families, and they asked IDEO to help them dig deep into who they were designing for, then help design universally inclusive spaces that anyone would

40、 want to live in, physically disabled or not. After our work was completed Graves was brought in to work with the development and construction teams finishing the design and building of the homes. We were so impressed with Clarks relentless pursuit to put the Wounded Warrior and their needs first in

41、 every step of this process. They were a great match for our human-centered design approach to the challenge of designing homes that are functional, accessible, and desirable for anyone. What were some of the insights you discovered about the lives of disabled veterans and how did you design the hom

42、es to improve their lives?We set out to truly understand the experiences of civilian families and service members that were living with a variety of injuries. These span physical, emotional and cognitive challenges that include burns, vision loss or impairment, single or multiple amputations, PTSD,

43、Traumatic Brain Injury, and memory loss. We immersed ourselves in the recovery and therapy process and the unique implications of military family life to find design opportunities. We worked with dozens of industry experts, including researchers from the University of Pittsburgh and advocates from t

44、he Army Wounded Warrior Program (AW2). Because of the wide array of family dynamics, personalities and preferences amongst families that would be living in the homes, and the frequent turnover of military family life deployment, it became evident that what we designed would have to accommodate a wid

45、e range of interactions and needs. We discovered there is no one Wounded Warrior; no one collective or common experience. Instead, we found that there exists a series of dualities. See aboveThere is definitely a diverse range of disabilitieshow do the homes allow for universal accessibility? Do the

46、homes help with psychology recovery as well as physical?We aimed to design homes that would be desirable for anyone, physically disabled or not. A great example of this is in one of the dualities we identified, Inside Out, Outside In. It describes the important roll of nature and the outdoors in the

47、 therapy process. This is reflected in the therapy gardens, the perimeter walkways, private terraces and prominent windows throughout. The natural outdoor elements that act as positive catalysts regardless of whether one is disabled or not, can be perceived from within the home, and easily accessed

48、from within the home as well. Seeing the outdoors, experiencing the outdoors, and the powerful metaphorical significance of autonomously accessing the outdoors are all moments we wanted the space to enable for any of its potential residents.Another duality, Social Privacy describes how people view t

49、heir home as a sanctuary, but also want to see their space as a place that provides opportunities to interact with the outside world via media and face-to-face conversations. We expressed this through private therapy rooms with flat panel displays and hi-res digital cameras that allow people to togg

50、le from social connections, remote therapy consultations, or sealed-off moments of privacy and reflection. On the other hand, large open indoor and outdoor spaces enable opportunities to entertain.(above) Inside Out, Outside In duality as displayed in a patio mockup. (below) Social Privacy in an ada

51、ptable office suite.How did the veterans personalities and their experiences at war influence the design process?One of the interesting patterns we started to recognize across different Wounded Warriors was the positivity, drive and determination that each of them embodied. Healing is a long and cha

52、llenging road, and the early stages are about repairing the damage, rebuilding what was lost and recalibrating their new normal. Wounded Warriors evolve beyond this space quickly toward self-improvement and transformation. They understand their new limitations in the larger context of the fast-paced

53、 world outside of their home, that doesnt necessarily accommodate their unique needs. The appropriate role of the home as a supportive environment should be subtle, and not overt. For example, for vision-impaired service members, the high-contrast designating different surfaces and spaces become an implicit way-finding reference. Though wounded warriors may appreciate the extra