RobertFrost美国文学史罗伯特·弗罗斯特

1、 罗伯特罗伯特弗洛斯特弗洛斯特 Robert Frost (1874-1963)LifeSan Francisco (1874)Lawrence, Massachusetts (1885)Marriage with Elinor White (1896)Harvard (1897)New Hampshire (1899) “one and a half” (half farmer, half teacher, half poet)Gain fame in England (1912-1914)Back to New Hampshire (1914)Pulitzer Prize (1923,19

2、30,1936,1942)Reading poetry at the inauguration of President John F. Kennedy (1960) funny anecdotes very very popular 一直被一直被阅读阅读，从从未被理解未被理解 The Gift OutrightMajor WorksA Boys Will (1913)North of Boston (1914)Mountain Interval (1916) New Hampshire (1923), Pulitzer PrizeCollected Poems (1930), Pulitze

3、r PrizeA Further Range (1936), Pulitzer PrizeA Witness Tree (1942), Pulitzer PrizeStyleWordsworthian style, plain speech of rural New Englanders 语言朴实语言朴实symbols from everyday country life to express his deep ideas 借物咏情借物咏情A follower of traditional poetic modes, such as iambic pattern and pastoral mo

4、de of poetry 格式传统格式传统 He compares free-verse poetry to playing tennis without a net: “It might be fun, but it aint tennis.”ThemesYouth and the Loss of Innocence the physical and psychic wounding of entire generation of young people throughout the two world wars 青春的创伤，童真的失去青春的创伤，童真的失去Self-Knowledge t

5、hrough Nature the encounter of a human speaker and a natural phenomenon, with nature always staying indifferent to the human world 神秘的自然，冷漠的天地神秘的自然，冷漠的天地Communication and Isolation the contrast between the human capacity to connect to each other and to experience profound isolation, with isolation a

6、s the final answer 孤单是一个人的狂欢孤单是一个人的狂欢, 狂欢是一群人的孤单狂欢是一群人的孤单 阿桑阿桑叶子叶子Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening雪夜林边驻脚雪夜林边驻脚Whose woods these are I think I know. 我知道谁是这林子的主人。我知道谁是这林子的主人。His house is in the village though; 尽管他的屋子远在村中；尽管他的屋子远在村中；He will not see me stopping here 他也看不见我在此逗留，他也看不见我在此逗留，To watch hi

7、s woods fill up with snow. 凝视这积满白雪的树林。凝视这积满白雪的树林。 My little horse must think it queer 我的小马想必感到奇怪我的小马想必感到奇怪To stop without a farmhouse near, 为何停在树林和冰封的湖边为何停在树林和冰封的湖边Between the woods and frozen lake 附近既看不到一间农舍附近既看不到一间农舍The darkest evening of the year. 又在一年中最黑暗的夜晚。又在一年中最黑暗的夜晚。 He gives his harness bel

8、ls a shake 它轻轻地摇了一下佩铃它轻轻地摇了一下佩铃To ask if there is some mistake. 探询是否出了什么差错。探询是否出了什么差错。The only other sounds the sweep 林中毫无回响一片寂静林中毫无回响一片寂静Of easy wind and downy flake. 只有微风习习雪花飘落。只有微风习习雪花飘落。 The woods are lovely, dark and deep, 这树林多么可爱、幽深，这树林多么可爱、幽深，But I have promises to keep, 但我必须履行我的诺言，但我必须履行我的诺言

9、，And miles to go before I sleep, 睡觉前还有许多路要走啊，睡觉前还有许多路要走啊，And miles to go before I sleep. 睡觉前还有许多路要赶。睡觉前还有许多路要赶。AnalysisFreudian Psychoanalysis village, horse - civilization and order (superego) wood - wildness and enjoyment (id) poet - lured by id, but chooses superego (ego) the temptation of the wo

10、od - sirens song (death instinct )* village/wood, day/night The Scarlet LetterRhyme and Rhythm aaba bbcb ccdc dddd iambic tetrameter Robert Frost Vs. Tao Yuanming* The difference between the East and the West concerning pastoral poetry 入世入世 出世出世The Road Not Taken未选择的路未选择的路黄色的树林里分出两条路，黄色的树林里分出两条路， 可惜

11、我不能同时涉足，可惜我不能同时涉足， 我在那路口久久伫立，我在那路口久久伫立， 我向着一条路极目望去，我向着一条路极目望去， 直到它消失在树林深处。直到它消失在树林深处。 但我却选择了另外一条路，但我却选择了另外一条路， 它荒草萋萋，十分幽寂，它荒草萋萋，十分幽寂， 显得更诱人，更美丽，显得更诱人，更美丽， 虽然在这两条小路上，虽然在这两条小路上， 都很少留下旅人的足迹。都很少留下旅人的足迹。 虽然那天清晨落叶满地，虽然那天清晨落叶满地， 两条路都未经脚步踩踏。两条路都未经脚步踩踏。 呵，留下一条路等改日再见！呵，留下一条路等改日再见！ 但我知道路径延绵无尽头，但我知道路径延绵无尽头， 恐怕我

12、难以再返回。恐怕我难以再返回。 也许多少年后在某个地方，也许多少年后在某个地方， 我将轻声叹息将往事回顾，我将轻声叹息将往事回顾， 一片树林里分出两条路一片树林里分出两条路 而我选择了人迹更少的一条，而我选择了人迹更少的一条， 从此决定了我一生的道路。从此决定了我一生的道路。 AnalysisInterpretation a choice in life rather than a mere choice of roads one must accept the consequences, for he will not have a chance to go back the poets b

13、ravery to choose a road less traveled by, an unusual solitary lifeRhyme and Rhythm abaab, cdccd, efeef, ghggh iambic tetrameter* a choice that makes no difference as there is no right path, just “seize the day”中国文人对路的感悟中国文人对路的感悟路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索 。 屈原其实地上本没有路，走的人多了，也便成了其实地上本没有路，走的人多了，也便成了路路 。 鲁迅Solitary TravelersFrosts poetry demonstrates great respect for the social outcast amidst the landscape of New England in the twentieth cen