unit1 Cultural relics- warming-up and languange points

1、Language pointsDo you know what a cultural relic is?A cultural relic is any object, building or item 物品物品that was made in the past. It may be many thousands of years old or it may be a few hundred. It may or may not be valuable. It tells us something of the way people lived at the time it was made.

2、This may be because of its method of manufacture生产生产 or how the item was used.琥珀（松柏科植物树汁形成化石）琥珀（松柏科植物树汁形成化石） 琥珀是距今琥珀是距今45009900万年前的松柏科植物的万年前的松柏科植物的树脂滴落，掩埋在地下千万年，在压力和热力的树脂滴落，掩埋在地下千万年，在压力和热力的作用下石化形成，故又被称为作用下石化形成，故又被称为“琥珀琥珀”或或“松脂松脂化石化石”。 琥珀的形状多种多样，表面常保留着当初树脂琥珀的形状多种多样，表面常保留着当初树脂流动时产生的纹路，内部经常可见气泡及古老昆流动时产

3、生的纹路，内部经常可见气泡及古老昆虫、动物或植物碎屑。虫、动物或植物碎屑。 可以制成项链等饰品或用品，还有很高的药用价可以制成项链等饰品或用品，还有很高的药用价值。值。2016年年3月月6日，中国科学家发现了至今为止日，中国科学家发现了至今为止世界上最为古老的琥珀矿石，其年龄约在世界上最为古老的琥珀矿石，其年龄约在99个百个百万年左右。万年左右。 产地分布产地分布 波罗的海波罗的海沿岸国家（如维尔纽斯），沿岸国家（如维尔纽斯），缅甸，缅甸，多米尼加共和国多米尼加共和国、中国、中国productsWhat is an amber room?A room made of amberFrederic

4、kFrederick WilliamNaziThe clue of the storypass downgiven as a giftpass downstolen1716177019412003Frederick Williamgave the Amber Room to Peter the Great_.Catherine _ more details to the Amber room.The Nazi German army _ the Amber Room.The _of the Amber Room was completed.yearsas a giftstolerebuildi

5、ngadded1. value n. 价值价值 be of great value= be very valuableof+ 抽象抽象n. = 该抽象名词同根的该抽象名词同根的adj.Language pointsbe of use/help/ interest/importance/benefit=be useful/helpful/interesting/important/ beneficialbe of the size / weight / height / age / colour / kindvaluable 有价值的有价值的invaluable无价的无价的priceless无价

6、的无价的worthless不值钱的不值钱的valueless不值钱的不值钱的2. survive vt. &vi. 幸存幸存 Fortunately he survived the traffic accident. Camels can survive for many days with no water. survivor (n.) 幸存者幸存者 survival (n.) 幸存幸存 arrival/ proposal The helicopter picked up all the _. They prayed for the _ of the sailors survivor

7、ssurvivalv3. search: n in search of 搜索搜索, 寻找寻找 in ones/the search for寻找寻找I looked everywhere in search of my glasses. search: v search sb/sw搜身、搜查搜身、搜查 search for寻找寻找 search for在在寻找寻找(1). The police_ him to see if he had a gun. A. searched for B. searched C. in search of D. looked for(2). Many farmer

8、s go into towns and cities in search_ good jobs and higher pay.(3). Many people joined them in the search _ gold.(4). They searched the whole house _ the book.offorfor4. could never have imagined that could never have done决不可能做过某事 could not have done 不可能做过某事 都表示对过去发生的事情的可能性的否定 推测He couldnt have gone

9、 abroad , as I saw him just now. could have done “可能做过某事”, “本来可以做到，但实际并没有做到”You could have passed the exam.我们本来可以把钱借给他，但他没有告诉我们本来可以把钱借给他，但他没有告诉我们他需要钱。我们他需要钱。We could have lent him the money, but he didnt tell us he needed it .5. amazing 令人惊喜的令人惊喜的 an amazing achievement/discovery 惊人的成就惊人的成就/发现发现 ama

10、zed adj.吃惊的吃惊的, 惊奇的惊奇的 be amazed at 对对感到惊奇感到惊奇amazement n. 惊奇惊奇to ones amazement 使某人惊奇的是使某人惊奇的是To my amazement, he was able to recite the poem.in amazement ( in surprise ) 惊奇地惊奇地 6.选词填空（选词填空（select, choose, elect）1.Trump was _American president in Nov. 2016.2. There are five pairs of shoes to _ from

11、.3. He spent several hours on Tabao. com searching and _ on double eleven.electedchooseselecting7. design (v. / n.)(1) They _ the building carefully.(2) The experiment _ test the new drug. (打算将打算将用作用作)(3) I like the _ of the new school.(4) Children above 12 are able to take part in skiing or other a

12、ctivities _ for them. designeddesignedis designed todesign总结：总结：n. make designs / a design 设计设计 in design 在设计上在设计上 by design故意地故意地 by accident无意地无意地 The building was burnt down by design.vt. be designed to do sth 目的是目的是； be designed for sth./sb. 打算给打算给用用; 为为而设计的而设计的The experiment is designed to test

13、 the new drug.The book is designed for children.8. fancy adj. 奇特的；异样的奇特的；异样的(1) fancy clothes 新奇服装新奇服装(2) Fancy meeting you here! 想不到在这儿见到你了想不到在这儿见到你了! I dont fancy walking in the snow. 我不喜欢在雨中行走。我不喜欢在雨中行走。 have a fancy for 爱好爱好,爱上爱上,入迷入迷 fancy sb. doing sth. 想象某人做某事想象某人做某事9. 区别：区别：state, country, n

14、ation, 三个词都三个词都表示表示“国家国家”: state则重于政权则重于政权, country 则重于疆土则重于疆土, 而而nation 则重于民族则重于民族 Our _ is larger than Japan. Our Chinese _ is playing an important role in the world now. Anyone who gives out the _ secret will be punished seriously.countrynationstate10. However, the next King of Prussia, Frederick

15、 William , to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it. 考点考点 介词介词+关系代词引导的非限制性定关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句。语从句。考例考例1 He was educated at the local high school, _ he went on to Beijing University. (江苏江苏2007)A. after whichB. after thatC. in which D. in that belong to 属于属于（不用被动式，不用进（不用被动式，不用进行时，行时，to为介词）

16、为介词）In fact, I dont know which dictionary belongs to me.I used to belong to a youth club.China is a country belonging to the Third World.不能用被动的还有：happen, take place, break out爆发, date from (date back to) 追溯到11. in return 回报回报, 作为报酬作为报酬 He bought me a present for my birthday. I gave him a dictionary

17、in return. in turn 轮流地轮流地, 依次依次; 反过来反过来The girls called out their names in turn. Increased production will, in turn lead to increased profit.增加生产继而会增加利润增加生产继而会增加利润 by turns/take turns to do 轮流地轮流地 in return for 作为对作为对的报答的报答 What should I do in return for his kindness?12.reception 接待，接待会接待，接待会 ， rece

18、ive,v a reception room/ hall 接待室、厅接待室、厅reception desk（旅馆等的）接待处；前台，服务台（旅馆等的）接待处；前台，服务台give a warm reception to sb. 热情地接待热情地接待hold a reception 举行招待会举行招待会be at a reception在招待会上在招待会上13. light: v. 照亮照亮,点亮点亮 n. 光光,灯灯 adj.颜色浅的颜色浅的,轻的轻的,明亮的明亮的light的过去式和过去分词同形的过去式和过去分词同形light-lighted-lighted 前置定语前置定语light-li

19、t-lit 谓语谓语E.g. a lighted candle点燃的蜡烛点燃的蜡烛She took a lighted candle into the dark room and immediately the room was lit.14. consider.vconsiderate. adj. 考虑周到的考虑周到的cinsiderable该注意的，可观的该注意的，可观的(1). 将将-视为，认为视为，认为,（不可用进行式）（不可用进行式）consider -(to be/as)-I consider him (to be ) my best friend.He considers him

20、self intelligent.We consider it impolite to talk while eating.(2).考虑考虑 consider sth /doingWe considered his suggestion.He is considering studying abroad.15. 介词介词+名词名词 (表状态表状态)at war/work/home/tableon show/duty/sale/holiday/fire/watchin trouble/danger/battle/doubt in need 在贫穷中的，缺衣少食的在贫穷中的，缺衣少食的 in se

21、cret 秘密的秘密的 in peace 平平安安的平平安安的 in particular 尤其是，特别是尤其是，特别是 in general 大体上大体上under repair/discussion/construction建设建设/debate辩论辩论 16. Theres no doubt that毫无疑问毫无疑问 Theres no need to do / for sth / sb Theres no possibility that (Its) no wonder (that)难怪难怪doubt也可作及物动词，也可作及物动词，“怀疑，不信怀疑，不信”, (1) doubt sth

22、.I doubt the truth of it.我怀疑它的真实性。我怀疑它的真实性。(2) 在肯定句中常接在肯定句中常接whether / if 从句，在从句，在否定句和疑问句中常接否定句和疑问句中常接 that 从句从句Do you doubt _ she will succeed?I doubt _ he will keep his word.I have no doubt _ he will win the game.thatif/whetherthat17. remain (1) vi. 留下留下, 遗留遗留 I went to the city, but my brother re

23、mained at home. (2) link-verb. 后接后接n. /adj. /介词短语介词短语/表位置的表位置的adv. My friend became a boss, but I remained a teacher. The death of the old man remained unknown. The problem remains to be discussed.Nothing remains but to send the invitation out. (只要只要就行了就行了)It only remains for me to sign the paper th

24、at you gave me. (某人所要做的只是某某人所要做的只是某事事)He bought a new book with the _ (剩下的剩下的) 40 yuan.=He bought a new book with the 40 yuan _. (剩下的剩下的) remainingleft考例考例1 Although he has taken a lot of medicine, his health _ poor. (上海上海2002春春)A. proves B. remainsC. maintains D. continues点拨点拨 remain 意为意为“仍然是仍然是”，后

25、接形，后接形容词作表语。容词作表语。prove 证明；证明；maintain 维维持；持；continue 继续。继续。考例考例2 It was already past midnight and only three young men _ in the tea house. (安徽安徽2006)A. left B. remainedC. delayed D. deserted点拨点拨 remain 意为意为“停留停留; 逗留逗留”。delay 耽搁；耽搁；desert 遗弃。遗弃。18. worth, worthy, worthwhile都为都为adj. “值得的值得的” worth: b

26、e worth + n. 当名词为金钱当名词为金钱时时, 表示表示“ 值得值得”be worth doing sth. “某事值得被做某事值得被做”The question is not worth discussing again and again.be well worth/worthy很值得很值得 worthy: be worthy of +n.当名词为抽当名词为抽象名词时表示象名词时表示 “值得值得”be worthy to be done/be worhty of being done “某事值得被做某事值得被做”The question is not worthy to be d

27、iscussed /of being discussed again and again. worthwhile: be worthwhile to do /doing sth19. entrance toanswer, key, guide, way (to do), the answer/key to the exercisesthe exit of出口出口II. 语法填空语法填空1. It was _ (amaze) that he knew nothing about the event.2. That shop has a fine _ (select) of cakes.3. Ou

28、r _ (wood) sofa seems not very comfortable.4. We havent told our friends about our _(remove) to London.5. His dream of becoming an _ (art) has come true.amazingselectionwoodenremovalartist6. Two leaders _ (secret) flew to that country to solve the problem.7. It is _(doubt) whether he can carry on hi

29、s tasks as president for the next five years.8. Why is it that he _(rare) mentions his childhood?rarelysecretly doubtfulIII. 翻译翻译1.不到十分钟的时间他就完成了作业。不到十分钟的时间他就完成了作业。(less than)2. 你和我属于不同的班级。你和我属于不同的班级。 (belong to)3. 我送给他一份礼物以回报他对我的帮我送给他一份礼物以回报他对我的帮助。助。(in return for)He finished his homework in less th

30、an ten minutes.You and I belong to different classes.I sent him a present in return for his help.4. 这个国家与邻国已打了两年仗了。这个国家与邻国已打了两年仗了。(at war)5. 毫无疑问他会来帮助你的。毫无疑问他会来帮助你的。(there is no doubt)The country has been at war with its neighbor for two years.There is no doubt that he will come to help you.6. 这所房子真

31、的值得买。这所房子真的值得买。(worth)7. 商务信函应该用正式文体。商务信函应该用正式文体。(in.style)The business letter should be written in a formal style.The house is really worth buying.8. be made into 被制成被制成be made of 用用制成制成(看得见原材料看得见原材料)be made from 用用制成制成(看不见原材料看不见原材料)be made for 为为制作制作be made up of 由由组成组成Ex. 用以上短语完成句子。用以上短语完成句子。1).

32、A car _many different parts .2). The chair _wood .3). The wine _grapes .4). The salad _lettuce , tomatoes and cucumbers .5). Wood can _paper .is made up ofis made ofis made fromis made ofbe made into be made out of 主要用于主要用于 “be made of” 之意之意, 有时也有时也用于用于 “be made from” 之意之意.9 . The design for the roo

33、m was of the fancy style popular in those days .of the fancy style days在句子中作表语在句子中作表语 “be of +名词名词(词组词组)”表示主语的某种表示主语的某种形状或特征形状或特征 be of a(n) / the / the same “属于属于, 归于归于”be of the size / weight / height / age / colour / kindeg. All of the boys in the class are of the same age . be of + 抽象名词抽象名词 = be

34、 + 该词的形容该词的形容词词veg. be of great value = be very valuablev importance importantv use usefulv help helpfulveg. I am pleased to have been of help to you .v =very helpfulv popular in those days 是形容词修饰是形容词修饰the fancy style .相当于定语从句相当于定语从句, 通常放在名词之后通常放在名词之后 = which is popular in those days . 10. agree区别区别

35、agree with , agree to , agree on .agree with 指出自主观愿望的指出自主观愿望的”赞成赞成” “同意同意”, 后接某人后接某人, 某人的观点某人的观点, 意见意见或所说的话等或所说的话等 agree on 指双方或多方指双方或多方 “在在方方面取得一致意见面取得一致意见” 或或 “在在方面达成方面达成非正式协议非正式协议”, 主语必须指双方或多方主语必须指双方或多方或者涉及到另一方或者涉及到另一方vagree to 指指 “接受接受” “认可认可”, 常指并非出常指并非出自主观愿望的同意自主观愿望的同意vEx . You and I _this poi

36、nt .vThey might not _his opinions.vShe cant _your demandsvI _what you said.agree onagree withagree toagree with11. in return 作为回报作为回报, 作为回馈作为回馈Ex. 为报答约翰为报答约翰, 我们开车把他送回家。我们开车把他送回家。In return, we drove John back home. in return of 作为作为的回报的回报eg. I bought him a drink in return of his help .v12. Later, Ca

37、therine had the Amber Room moved to the Palace v have sth. done 表示表示 “请人做某事请人做某事”veg. I had my hair cut yesterday.vEx. 我要请人修理单车我要请人修理单车.vI want to have my bike repaired.v have sth. done 还可表示还可表示 “使遭遇某种使遭遇某种(不幸的不幸的)事情事情”veg. I had my watch stolen last night.v He had his leg broken in the match last week.v14. Almost six hundred candles lit the room.vlight vi. vt. 照亮，点亮照亮，点亮v过去式，过去分词可用过去式，过去分词可用lit, lighted， 当过去当过去分词作定语修饰名词时，只能用分词作定语修饰名词时，只能用 lightedva lighted candle ( )va lit candle ( )16. There is no doubt that the boxes were then pu