当代高职高专英语第一册unit 3

1、Unit 3MannersDo you think youre a person with good manners? Why?Discussion 1.Greeting people:2.What you should do:3.What you shouldnt say:Western mannersWestern mannersMeeting and greetingGood morningGood morningGood afternoonGood afternoonGood eveningGood eveningHow do you do?How do you do?HelloHel

2、loHow are you?How are you?Greeting people:Greeting people:Nice to meet you!Nice to meet you!Raise his hat.1. If a man is wearing a hat, how should he greet you?2. When you first meet someone, what should you do?3. If the woman doesnt offer her hand , what should youu do?Nod your headWhat you should

3、do:What you should do:Shake his hands.Where are you going ?Where have you been?Have you had your dinner?What you shouldnt say:What you shouldnt say:How old are you?Western mannersWestern manners A friend from Britain named Jack invites you to have dinner at his home at 7:00 pm. What will you do if y

4、ou want to make a good impression on the others?Discussion 10( ) 1.Use the fork with your right hand. ( ) 2. Put your napkin(餐巾餐巾) on your lap. ( ) 3. Start eating as soon as your food is served in front of you. ( ) 4. Ask for a second bowl of soup. ( ) 5. Use your fingers when eating chicken. ( ) 6

5、. Finish eating everything on your plate . ( ) 7. Talk loudly while eating. ( ) 8. Make other people drink more spirits(烈酒烈酒) than they can take. IPIIPPIIDecide which of the following behaviors are polite or impolite at a western dinner party. Write P (polite) or I (impolite) in the brackets. 1.Befo

6、re dinner, arrive _ _ .2.At the dinner party, follow _ _.For example, speak _ and _ a lot.3. When leaving, Say _ and _.In a word, knowing the manners will help you makea good impression on the others.on timetable mannersthanksgoodbyequietlysmileWhat will you do if you want to make a good impression

7、on the others?Teaching objectivesPart 1 Listening & speakingPart 2 Reading In-class reading Extra-readingPart3 GrammarPart 4 TranslationPart 5 writingPart 6 further developmentPart 1 listening & speaking Part 2 In-class reading: Good Manners Extra-reading: Table MannersLead-in1. America is h

8、uge country with many differences in cuisine, industries, political beliefs and mannerisms, depending on the region in which you are. Punctuality is important in American culture, although its acceptable to be a few minutes late for a social affair. Besides, dress conservatively for your first meeti

9、ng which can leave others a good impression.In America compliments are dished out freely. You may respond to a compliment by simply saying “thank you”. If you refuse to accept a compliment, the speakers may feel embarrassed and think you are a little insincere. Title are used, along with the last na

10、me, upon introductions. Sometimes the complete name is given. If you dont know a persons title, or they dont have one, “Mr”, “Mrs” or “Ms” are suitable.2.You may ask them the following questionsThat you are interested in: Can you say something about Chinese table manners?Can you introduce traditiona

11、l Chinese homes? And are there any style of Chinese houses?Can you explain Chinese way of responding to compliment with examples?Can you tell us how to use titles in China?Can you tell us how to express disagreement in China?Good MannersVocabulary 1.Honor vt-to show or bring honour to 尊敬，敬重，给尊敬，敬重，给

12、-荣誉荣誉 e.g Were deeply honored that you should agree to join us. 你同意跟我们在一起，我们深感荣幸。你同意跟我们在一起，我们深感荣幸。 -to keep (an agreement) often by making a payment 执行、承兑执行、承兑 e,g The bank has refused to honor his cheque. 银行拒绝兑现他的支票。银行拒绝兑现他的支票。N.-a person or thing that brings great pride and pleasure 增光的事，引以为荣的事物增光

13、的事，引以为荣的事物 on ones honor: 用名誉担保用名誉担保 honorable adj 增光的，应享有荣誉的，值得尊敬的增光的，应享有荣誉的，值得尊敬的2. Appreciate v-To be grateful for sth that sb has done 对对非常感谢非常感谢（通常不用进行时，后接名词，代词或动名词作宾语）（通常不用进行时，后接名词，代词或动名词作宾语） e,g I appreciate your help. I appreciate your making effort to come.-to understand fully, recognize 完全

14、了解，明白完全了解，明白 e,g she appreciates the dangers of the situation. 她充分意识到局势的危险。她充分意识到局势的危险。-to enjoy sth or to understand the value of sb / sth 重视，鉴赏重视，鉴赏 e,g There is no point buying him experience wines-he doesnt appreciate them. 给他们买名贵的酒没用，他不给他们买名贵的酒没用，他不懂品酒。懂品酒。 appreciate 后只能接后只能接“事事”，而不能接，而不能接“人人”

15、作作宾语宾语。 We appreciate your help.() We appreciate you for your help.() We thanked her for her help.()3. Host n 主人，主持人，主办者，东道主主人，主持人，主办者，东道主-A large number of people or things 许许多，大量多，大量 a host of e,g Ive got a while host of questions to ask you. 我有一大堆问题要问你。我有一大堆问题要问你。V .主持，主办主持，主办 hostess 女主人女主人4. in

16、dicateVt 指出，表明指出，表明- to show, point or make clear in another way. e,g the patients pale skin indicate that he may have anemia.病人苍白的皮肤表明他可能得了贫血症。病人苍白的皮肤表明他可能得了贫血症。5. Offend vt-To make sb angry or upset 得罪冒犯（常用被动态）得罪冒犯（常用被动态） e,g I was deeply offended by her comments. 她的话让我大为恼火。她的话让我大为恼火。-To seem unpl

17、easant to sb 令人不适令人不适 e,g the smell from the farm offended some people. 农场散发的气味让一些人闻了不舒服。农场散发的气味让一些人闻了不舒服。-Vi to commit a crime 犯罪犯罪 e,g if she offends again, shell go to prison. 要是她犯罪，就会进监狱。要是她犯罪，就会进监狱。-To be against what people believe is normally right. 违背（人情）违反（常理）违背（人情）违反（常理） offend against sb/

18、sth e,g the movie offends against our principles.这部电影违背了社会的道德标准。这部电影违背了社会的道德标准。Relative words: offensive adj 无礼的，冒犯的，无礼的，冒犯的， offender n 罪犯罪犯 offense n 违法行为，罪行违法行为，罪行6. Compliment cn 称赞，恭维称赞，恭维-A remark that expresses praise or admiration of sb (on) compliment on sth 对对-的赞美的赞美 e,g Tina got a lot of

19、compliments on her scholarship. take sth as a compliment 认为认为-是对自己的是对自己的夸奖夸奖 e,g I said he was a workaholic and he seemed to take it as a compliment.我说他是我说他是工作狂，听到这么说他似乎很高兴。工作狂，听到这么说他似乎很高兴。 pay sb a compliment 对某人表示赞扬对某人表示赞扬 e,g they paid me the compliment of electing me as their representative.他们选我

20、为他们的他们选我为他们的代表，以表示对我的赞赏。代表，以表示对我的赞赏。-greetings. Especially when used to express praise and admiration 问候，致意，问候，致意， 祝贺祝贺 with the compliment of sb/ with sb compliment 向向-致敬致敬 compliments to sb 向某人致敬向某人致敬 e,g please accept these tickets with our compliments. 请接受这些票和我们的致意。请接受这些票和我们的致意。V . to tell sb th

21、at you like or admire sth they have done, their appearance etc. 赞美，称赞赞美，称赞 compliment sb on sth 称赞某人某事称赞某人某事 e,g she compliment him on his excellent German. 她夸奖他德语棒极了。她夸奖他德语棒极了。 compliment sb for sth 因某事称赞某人因某事称赞某人 e,g health officials were complimented for their fast action. 卫生官员因行动迅速而受到了卫生官员因行动迅速而

22、受到了称赞。称赞。Language focus1.The most important thing when honoring guests from foreign countries is to accept and understand the differences. when honoring guests 是状语从句。是状语从句。 在在when 和和honoring 之间省略了之间省略了people are. 如果如果when 引导的时间状语从句中的主语和主引导的时间状语从句中的主语和主句中的主语是相同的话，状语从句中的主语句中的主语是相同的话，状语从句中的主语和系动词可以省略。和

23、系动词可以省略。 e,g when walking in the street I noticed a police car in front of the shop.2.Here are some of the differences that people have in their different cultures. here adv 位于句首时，如果句子的主语是名词位于句首时，如果句子的主语是名词或名词短语的话，应当使用倒装结构（主语和谓或名词短语的话，应当使用倒装结构（主语和谓语的位置互换，如果主语是代词，句子主语和谓语的位置互换，如果主语是代词，句子主语和谓语的位置保持不变）语

24、的位置保持不变） e,g Here are the students. Here they are. that people have 是定语从句，是定语从句， 修饰修饰the differences. e,g this is the book that he is reading. 3. If you want to relate to the French, smile with your eyes, do not grin with your mouth.(para3) if 引导的条件状语从句中，通常用一般时引导的条件状语从句中，通常用一般时态表示将要发生的动作或事情。态表示将要发生的

25、动作或事情。 e,g I will be very happy if you can come. relate to (with) 与与-相处相处 e,g she related to her classmates very well 她与同学们相处得很好她与同学们相处得很好. 4. In Germany a gentleman stands behind a lady on an escalator going up, and in front of her on an escalator going down just in case she falls down.( it is also

26、 a lot more fun for the gentleman!) going up 和和going down 都是现在分词，都是现在分词，分别修饰分别修饰escalator. 现在分词短语可置于现在分词短语可置于其它所修饰词的后面。作定语。其它所修饰词的后面。作定语。 Do you know the man standing by the door? 你认识那个站在门口的男人吗？你认识那个站在门口的男人吗？In case 免得，以防（万一）（该结构中的谓语动免得，以防（万一）（该结构中的谓语动词通常用一般时态表示将来可能发生的事情）词通常用一般时态表示将来可能发生的事情） e,g Tak

27、e an umbrella with you in case it rains. 带上雨伞以防下雨。带上雨伞以防下雨。5. I hear comments about the rudeness of my friends calling from England or the USA all the time. calling-time 是现在分词短语作定语，修饰是现在分词短语作定语，修饰friends, all the time 一直，总是一直，总是 e,g Its realy useful dictionary, so I use it all the time. 这本字典真有用，所以我一

28、直用它。这本字典真有用，所以我一直用它。7. Even those I see as educated and polite people, seem to always manage to offend the Dutch, simply by not mentioning their own name at the beginning of the Conversation. I see as educated and polite people 是修饰是修饰those 的定语从句的定语从句 By not mentioning 是介词短语，作表示行为方是介词短语，作表示行为方式的状语，式的

29、状语，By doing-可用作表示行为方式的状可用作表示行为方式的状语，如果否定行为的话，则在动名词前面加上否语，如果否定行为的话，则在动名词前面加上否定词。定词。 e,g She seems to be angry by not saying anything. 她似乎通过一言不发来表示她生气了。她似乎通过一言不发来表示她生气了。8. The Dutch find the English and American telephone manners very rude. rude adj 作作find 的宾语（的宾语（the English and American telephone ma

30、nners)补语。补语。 find可以跟形容词或形容词短语作宾补。可以跟形容词或形容词短语作宾补。 e,g I found him very kind. He found the question hard to answer.9. It is not only polite, but standard in Holland (and most of Northern Europe) for a caller to begin by saying who they are. It 形式主语，真正主语是动词不定式形式主语，真正主语是动词不定式 to begin-are.动词不定式在句中作主语，通

31、常后置，动词不定式在句中作主语，通常后置， e,g it is difficult for me to say so. begin by doing sth 以以-作为开始作为开始 begin with e,g The film begins by showing the great nature. 电影以展示大自然作为开始。（动名词）电影以展示大自然作为开始。（动名词） The meeting begins with his speech. 会议以他发言作为开始。（名词短语）会议以他发言作为开始。（名词短语）10. Shooting off firecrackers on New Years

32、 Eve is the Chinese way of sending out the old year and welcoming in the New year. shooting -Eve 是动名词短语，作主语，是动名词短语，作主语， e,g seeing is believing. Talking with her online is one of my greatest pleasure. sending out the old year and welcoming in the New Year 是并列的动名词短语，作是并列的动名词短语，作介词介词of的宾语，动名词可作介词宾语。的宾

33、语，动名词可作介词宾语。 e,g thank you for giving me a kiss.11. On the stroke of midnight on New years Eve , every door in the house, and even windows, have to be open to allow the old year to go out. on the stroke of 时钟报响（几点）的时候时钟报响（几点）的时候 e,g she arrived on the stroke of 9. 时钟时钟报响报响9点时她到了。点时她到了。 to allow - ou

34、t 动词不定式作状语，动词不定式作状语， 允许允许-离去离去 e,g He went there to see Mary.Table MannersVocabulary1.Refine vt 精炼，文雅高尚精炼，文雅高尚,完善完善 make more complex, intricate, or richer improve or perfect by pruning or polishing e,g Surgical techniques are constantly being refined. 外科手术技术正在不断得到完善。外科手术技术正在不断得到完善。lrefinement 精制；文雅

35、；精制；文雅；化工化工油气油气冶冶 提提纯纯lrefinery 精炼厂；提炼厂；冶炼厂精炼厂；提炼厂；冶炼厂lrefining 精炼；改善精炼；改善lrefiner 精炼机；精制者，精炼者精炼机；精制者，精炼者2.Inappropriate adj. 不适当的；不相称的不适当的；不相称的 - not suitable for a particular occasion etc e,g There is no suggestion that clients have been sold inappropriate policies. 没有迹象表没有迹象表明向客户出售过不适当的保险单。明向客户出售

36、过不适当的保险单。-not in keeping with what is correct or proper e,g I feel the remark was inappropriate for such a serious issue. 我觉得对如此严肃的问题我觉得对如此严肃的问题来说，这评论是不恰当的。来说，这评论是不恰当的。Language Focus1.Whether youre on a dinner date or at a business lunch, you have to show those youre with that you are well-educated,

37、 and then the following suggestions may help you a lot. whether-or : 无论无论-还是还是- e,g Whether you like it or not, youre going to have to face him one day. 你喜欢也好不喜欢也罢，你总有一天不得不面对他。你喜欢也好不喜欢也罢，你总有一天不得不面对他。Youre with 定语从句，修饰定语从句，修饰those,而定语从句而定语从句中的关系代词中的关系代词whom 被省略了。被省略了。2. Dont speak with food in your m

38、outh. with food in your mouth 是独立主格结构是独立主格结构 独立主格结构的构成：独立主格结构的构成： with+逻辑主语逻辑主语+介词短语（表伴随状况）介词短语（表伴随状况） e,g he was listening to her with his mouth open. 他张着嘴巴听她说话。他张着嘴巴听她说话。 He left with a big bag on his back. 他背着一个大包走了。他背着一个大包走了。3. No one wants to see what youre eating or listen to you talk with a m

39、outhful of food. 特殊的否定形式特殊的否定形式 no 置于主语前置于主语前 e,g No one can accept your suggestion.What you are eating 是是see的宾语从句，的宾语从句，what 相相当于当于the thing that e,g I dont know what you are saying. talk-food 是是you 的补语。的补语。 listen to可以跟不带可以跟不带to的动词不定式作宾补。的动词不定式作宾补。 e,g He listened to them talk about the movie they

40、 saw last night.他听他们谈论昨晚看的电影。他听他们谈论昨晚看的电影。4. If you need to cough or sneeze, turn your head away from the table and cover your mouth with your napkin. turn-away 把把-转过去转过去 turn ones head away 把头转过去把头转过去 turn ones face away把脸转过去把脸转过去 e,g He turned his head away to ask her a funny question. 5. Try to u

41、se a knife and fork for your food, and put your knife down before you start eating. try to do sth 尽力做某事尽力做某事 try doing sth 尝试做某事尝试做某事 e,g I tried to keep up with her. put sth down 把把-放下放下 e,g the child put it down and ran into the kitchen.7. Rather than reaching over someone for anything , simply as

42、k someone to pass it to you. rather than +动名词短语动名词短语 ：而不是：而不是 e,g Rather than leaving, he stayed to look after his mother. 他不走了，他不走了， 留下来照顾他母亲。留下来照顾他母亲。8. And, make sure to pass whatevers near you around the table as well. make sure 务必，一定务必，一定 e,g Make sure to come on time tomorrow morning. 明天早上务必准时

43、到明天早上务必准时到 。 Make sure to finish your work before he comes. 在他来之前一定要把活干完。在他来之前一定要把活干完。 whatevers near you around the table 宾语从句宾语从句中的主语。中的主语。 e,g he never does whatevers harmful to her. 他从来不做伤害她的事情。他从来不做伤害她的事情。9. or, take a sip of water and push the water through your teeth to remove the food. take

44、a sip of 呷一口呷一口 e,g would you please take a sip of our brandy? 呷一口我们的白兰地好吗？呷一口我们的白兰地好吗？ He took a sip of XO while talking with us. 他以便同我们说话一边呷一口他以便同我们说话一边呷一口XO. to remove the food 动词不定式，表目的动词不定式，表目的10. If these attempts fail, excuse yourself from the table, get a toothpick, and do the heavy digging

45、in the bathroom. excuse sb from - 同意同意-不做不做 e,g we excused him from attendance at the meeting. 我们同意他不参加这次会议。我们同意他不参加这次会议。 she excused him from the performance on the stage. 她同意他不登台演出。她同意他不登台演出。11. Behaving like a gentleman can only help you with the ladies and your career. behaving like a gentleman

46、是动名词短语作主语，是动名词短语作主语，表示表示“行为举止如同绅士行为举止如同绅士”的意思，的意思， help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事帮助某人做某事 e,g she tried her best to help me with my English study. 她竭尽全力帮我学英语她竭尽全力帮我学英语 。 Can you help your mother with her housework? 你能帮助母亲做点家务吗？你能帮助母亲做点家务吗？12.So put these suggestions to good use next time youre dining out. Put- to (good) use (很好地）使用很好地）使用- e,g can you tell me when we can put this approach to use? 你能告诉我什么时候我们可以使用这个方法吗？你能告诉我什么时候我们可以使用这个方法吗？ You should put this machine to good use. 你们应当很好地使用这台机器。你们应当很好地使用这台机器。 13. Youre sure to impress your friends with your good table manners. impr