学术英语管理unit3

1、UNIT 3A C A D E M I C E N G L I S H f o r B U S I N E S SGROUP 3目 录C O N T E N T S1234BrainteaserGrammarWord BankExercise65Sale yourselfStrategiesPART1BrainteaserSpeaker：罗模亮Brainteaser1.What room has no walls, no doors, no windows, and no floors? 2.What person tried to make you smile most of the tim

2、e? 3.What question can you never answer yes to 4.When the boy fell into the water, whats the first thing he did? 5.What kind of dog never bite? A :mushroomA :photographerA :Are you asleep?A :He got wet first of allA :A hot dogBrainteaser6. What always goes up and never goes down?7.Will liars be hone

3、st after they die?8.What month do soldiers hate? 9.Why is the library the highest building? A :Your ageA :No, they wont. They lie still after they die。(不会，他们依旧撒谎。Lie still 躺着不动，依旧撒谎)A :March(行军)A :It has the most stories. (它的楼层最多。Story 故事，楼层)PART2Word BankSpeaker:彭世益Word Banklogisticsan operation th

4、at involves providing labor and materials as needed 后勤；逻辑学；物流；组织工作例句：The skills and logistics of getting such a big show on the road pose enormous practical problems.搞如此大型的巡演，无论是技术上还是物流上都面临着巨大的实际问题例句：This show that modern war a large extent, the logistics support capacity.由此可见，现代战争在很大程度上是后勤能力的保障。Wor

5、d BankInventoryAll the good in a shopn. 存货清单；财产目录，财产目录的编制，存货总值；查清；vt. 编制的目录；开到清单；盘存；总结；例句：The inventory showed that the store was overstocked.清单显示商店存货过多。例句：Multistage sampling in forest inventory is not restricted to fixed area sampling units.森林资源清查中，多阶抽样并不局限于固定面积的抽样单元。Word BankFiscalan accounting p

6、eriod of 12 months over which a company calculates its profits or losses adj. 财政上的，会计的；国库的n. 财政年度，会计年度；财政部长，检察官，检查长；印花税票例句：Exchange rate adjustment accompanied by tighter monetary and fiscal policies restored stability.调整汇率，辅之以紧缩的货币和财政政策，恢复了稳定。例句：The main policy tool is manipulating the level of agg

7、regate demand through fiscal or monetary policy.主要政策手段是通过财政政策或者货币政策来控制总需求平衡。Word BankGravidateAtracted to 受重力作用；被吸引例句：If you all gravigate to one side, you will upset the boat.如果大家都移向一边，船就要翻了。例句：Let your soul gravitate ,to the love！让你的灵魂指引你怎样去爱！Word BankCustomizationThe act of making or changing sth

8、 .according to the buyers or users.用户化，专用化，定制；例句：These customization features allow administrators to focus on higher level activities.这些自定义功能使得管理员可以将精力集中在高级事物的管理上。例句：Finally using manufacturing paradigm tree advanced an operational model of mass customization.最后，运用生产模式树提出了一个体现大量定制中观层理论体系的运作模式。Word

9、BankPersistenceDetermination to do sth. Even though it is difficult or other people oppose it.坚持不懈；执意；持续；留存，保留时间；例句：Food usually provide a good milieu for the persisrence of viruses.食品通常为病毒持续提供了一个良好的栖身条件。例句：None can match your sheer will-power and persistence in wearing down the opposition.在消磨反对派的意志

10、力方面，没有人能比得上你那惊人的意志力个不懈的坚持。Word BankMeshBe comfortable;be fit inn. 网孔，网眼，网状物；陷阱，困境；齿合；Vt.&vi (使）吻合；相配；用网捕，使缠住；紧密配合；Vi.(机器零件）齿合；例句：The debris can be separated from anthers with a colander of proper mesh size.使用适当大小网眼的过滤器可以把碎片与花药分开。Word BankAntagonismOpposition to sth. Such as an idea or proposal.敌

11、手，反对者；对抗药；反面人物例句：We both though the best resource was flight, when puseued by so formidable an antagonist.我们都认为，被这么以为可怕的对手盯着，三十六计走为上计。例句：When uncas had brained his first antagonist ,he turned ,like a hungary lion, to seek another.恩卡斯打死第一个对手后，像一头饿狮，立即转身寻找第二个敌人。Word BankEnchantInterest and attract sb.

12、 very strongly.使心碎，使迷惑； 同义词： delightTo palce sb/sth under a magic spell.使中魔法同义词:bewitch例句：It will be possinle to enchant weapons and armor with runes.工匠可以在武器或者防具上附加上古诗歌或者文字的魔法特征。Word BankObscureAdj. 昏暗的，朦胧；晦涩的，不清楚的；隐蔽的；不著名的，无名的；Vt. 使模糊不清，遮盖；隐藏；使难以理解n. 某种不清楚的或者模糊的东西例句：The obscure charge against him l

13、acked specification.对他模糊的指控缺乏明确的说明。例句：The hymn was written by an obscure Greek composer for the 1896 Althens Olympics.这首赞歌是希腊一位的作曲家为1896年雅典奥运会创作的。Word Bank adhereVi.粘附；附着；坚持；追随Vt. 使粘附；遵循，坚持；追随，依附例句：Once in the bloodstream, the bacteria adhere to the surface of the red cells.锡坤一旦进入血液里，就附着在红细胞表面。例句：Pe

14、asants were allowed to adhere or revert to individual farming in Poland.波兰允许农民坚持货倒退到个体农业。Word Bankskepticn. 怀疑者；怀疑论者；无神论者Adj. 怀疑性的例句：I agree with the skeptic at this point: the change of calendar is an arbitrary conventionalism.我和无神论者的观点一样：认为更换日历是一种专利的传统。例句：He is a perspicacious skeptic who makes no

15、 claim to be able to explain the world.他是一个怀疑者和洞察者，而并不声称他的解释世界。Word BankBriskadj. 快的；轻快的；爽快而清新的；兴隆的vi. 活跃起来；变得轻快vt. 是活泼；使轻快例句：They move out from the airport at a brisk clip.他们迅速的撤离机场Word BankAuthenticationThe act of proving that sth. is real or true .证明；证实；鉴定例句：Cryptography is the foundation of supp

16、orting authentication, integrality and confidentiality.密码学是支持认证、完整性和机密性机制的基础。例句：A deniable authentication protocol os proposed in this paper.提出了一种新的可否认的认证协议。Word BankBeget Cause sth. to happen or be created. 引起；招致 例句：Dragons Beget dragons, phoenixes Beget phoenixes. 龙生龙，凤生凤。 例句：Flattery bring friend

17、, but truth beget enmity. 谄言交友，直言树敌。 PART3GrammarSpeaker:尹莹GrammarPoint 1Please distinguish the different usages of the word “that”（L7 P4 Text A）“that”1、He said that that that that that boy used was right.他说那个男孩用的that是对的 最前面和最后面的that可以删掉!第二个that修饰第三个that.第四个that是定语从句的引导词.2、You can learn that the old

18、est person is a woman who lived to be 122 years and 164 days, that the longest moustache reached a length of 1.6 meters and that the longest poisonous snake is 5.71 meters long.当一个动词后带有两个或多个由that引导的宾语从句时，即使省略第一个that，第二个(或第三个)that也不可省略”3、Never trouble trouble till trouble troubles you.麻烦没来找你,就别去自找麻烦.

19、（第一四个trouble是动词,第二三个trouble是名词.）GrammarPoint 14、I think that that that that that student wrote on the blackboard was wrong.“that”我认为那个学生写在黑板上的那个“that”是错误的.（第一个that是连词,引导宾语从句；第二五个that是指示代词“那个”；第三个that在这儿相当于名词；第四个that是关系代词,引导定语从句.）5、I know.You know.I know that you know.I know that you know that I know

20、.我知道.你知道.我知道你知道.我知道你知道我知道.（谁知道?知道什么?看懂了你就知道了.）6、上联：To China for china ,China with china,dinner on china. 下联：Go front door to buy Front Door,front door no Front Door,behind door with Front Door去中国买瓷器,中国有瓷器,吃饭靠瓷器.到前门买前门,前门没前门,后门有前门.（这是一副对仗工整、妙趣横生的英汉对联.下联中的第二、四、五个“前门”指“大前门”香烟.）GrammarPoint 17、2B or not

21、 2B,that is a question.“that”这是一种文字简化游戏.它的意思是：To be or not to be,that is a question.(生存还是毁灭,那是一个问题.)8、He never saw a saw saw a saw .他从来没见过一把锯子据另一把锯子.9、We must hang together,or well be hanged separately.10、The quick brown fox jumps over a lazy dog.那只敏捷的棕色狐狸跳过了一只懒惰的狗.(这个句子包含了英语中的26个字母.)我们必须团结在一起,否则我们将

22、被一个个绞死.（这是一句双关语.前面的hang together 是团结一致的意思,后面的hang 是绞死的意思.）Grammar具体句子Point 21、复合句、复合句 When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in y

23、ears to come they may be regarded as normal. 参考译文 当艺术上的一项新运动达到一定流行程度时，最好先弄清该运动倡导者的目的，因为，无论他们的创作原则在今天看来多么牵强、多么荒谬，在未来这些理论有可能会被视为正常的东西。 结构分析 本句的主干是it is advisable to find out. for. it is possible that.，句首的 When引导一个时间状语从句，句中的 for. it is possible. (至句末)是一个并列分句，表示原因，其中 for 后面的however +形容词 farfetched and u

24、nreasonable 引导状语从句，表示让步。在主干 it is advisable to find out. 中，it是形式主语，后面的不定式结构 to find out what its advocates are aiming at 是真正的主语。Grammar具体句子Point 22、并列句、并列句 While talking to you, your could-be employer is deciding whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications will pay him to emplo

25、y you and your “wares” and abilities must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner. 参考译文 与你谈话时，可能成为你未来老板的人会考虑你所受的教育、你的经历和你的其他资历是否在雇佣你以后会给他带来好处。你的“资历”和能力必须有条不紊、合理连贯地展示出来。 结构分析 这也是一个并列句，包含两个分句。第一个分句的主干是 your could-be employer is deciding whether.，其中 whether引导一个宾语从句 whether your educa

26、tion, your experience, and other qualifications will pay him to employ you;第二个分句的主干是your “wares” and abilities must be displayed.。注意：pay sb. to do sth.此处的意思是“做对有利”;“wares”的本义是“商品、货物”，但在本文中，作者认为找工作就是推销自己，所以结合本文的背景，wares的意思是“(求职者的)资历或能力”。 Grammaronly if Point 3The usage of “only if ”(L1 P3 TEXT C)Only

27、, only if , if only的用法的用法1、Only作形容词意为：惟一的，仅有的；(子、女)独生的；最好的；最合适的，独一无二的。【例句】【例句】John is the only person who can read my mind. 约翰是惟一真正看透我心事的人【真题】【真题】There was never any time for Kate to feel lonely, _ she was an only child. (2005辽宁)A. ever since B. now that C. even though D. even as 【解析】【解析】Only child的

28、意思是独生子/女，了解了这一点，可以推断出主从句之间为让步关系，选择C项。全句的意思是：尽管凯特是独生女, 但她在任何时候都从未感到过孤独。Grammaronly if Point 32、Only作副词作副词 常见的意思是“仅仅，才”，常位于所修饰的动词、短语或从句前【例句】【例句】At present we can only wait and see. 目前我们只好等一等看。 此时，only若放在句首修饰作状语的形容词、副词、介词短语或状语从句等，主句要采用部分倒装【例句】【例句】Only when she was at an impasse (n. 绝境), did she feel gr

29、eat pleasure in doing so. 只有当她陷入绝境时，她才乐意这么做。 In formal written English only, or only if and its clause, can be placed first in the sentence. In the second part of the sentence, be , do , have, etc. come before the subject and the main part of the verb 需要注意的是，如果置于句首的“only + 状语”结构是强调句,It is (was).that

30、.中被强调的对象，则主句不倒装【例题】【例题】It was only when he was in trouble _ the value of our help. A. that did he realize B. did he realize C. did that he realize D. that he realized【解析】【解析】此例句是含有“only+状语从句”的强调句型, 强调的正是时间状语从句，句子用正常语序，正确答案是D项。Grammaronly if Point 3 另外，only作副词时，还有“不料；结果却”这个意思。此时，only常和不定式连用，作结果状语，表示出

31、乎意料或令人失望的结果。当”only+不定式”结构引导结果状语从句时，表示结果的事件紧接前述事件发生。 【例句】【例句】He hurried home only to find the guests had left. 他匆匆忙忙赶回家, 结果发现客人们已经走了。 【例题】【例题】He got to the airport _ to find that the plane had left two minutes before. A. just B. only C. in order D. almost 【解析】【解析】Only + 不定式结构表示令人失望的结果。题干句意为：他到达机场，结果发

32、现飞机在两分钟之前飞走了。正确答案为B项。【真题】【真题】It took her nearly half a year to find his address, only learning that he had passed away ten years before.(1994上海，改错题) 【解析】这里需要注意的是only与-ing形式连用也可用于表示结果，意为“结果只是”，only起强调作用，如：He died only leaving debts. (他死后只留下一身债。) 但是only与不定式结构连用作结果状语，表示意想不到或令人失望的结果。可以看出，句中的结果是令人失望的。因此，

33、“only learning”应改为“only to learn”。 Grammaronly if Point 33、由、由Only构成的习惯搭配构成的习惯搭配 Not only.but also.作为连词，连接两个并列成分。当连接两个并列句时， not only 所在的句子要采用部分倒装，but also 后面的句子用正常语序，可以巧记为：前倒后不倒。【真题】【真题】_ snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.(2004上海) A

34、. Not only they bought B. Not only did they bring C. Not only brought they D. Not only they did bring 【解析】【解析】综上所述， not only后面的分句部分倒装。因此, 正确答案是B项。 注意：Not only. but also.与主谓一致关系?Not only.but also.作为连词，还可以连接并列的主语、谓语、宾语等，连接主语部分或者谓语部分时，要注意保持主谓一致。Not only.but also.连接主语时，如同or、either.or.和neither.nor.，谓语动词的

35、数服从就近原则?最靠近谓语动词的主语部分决定谓语动词的单复数。Grammaronly if Point 3【真题】【真题】Playing football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also give us a sense of fair play and team spirit. (1998全国，改错题) 【真题】【真题】Not only I but also Jane and Mary _tired of having one examination after another. (1989全国) A. is B. are

36、C. am D. be 【解析】【解析】句中not only.but also.连接并列主语I和Jane and Mary，根据就近原则，因为Jane and Mary为复数概念，谓语动词用复数形式。因此，正确答案是B项。【解析】【解析】句中的主语是“playing football”，“make”和“give”是由not only.but also.连接的并列谓语动词，根据主谓一致原则，都用单数形式。因此，“give”应改为“gives”。Grammaronly if Point 3 从属连词If only表示不能实现或难以实现的意愿或愿望，意思为：要是该有多好啊！引导的句子相当于感叹句，多

37、用虚拟语气。 表示与现在事实相反的假设，用一般过去时表示与现在事实相反的假设，用一般过去时，如：【例句】【例句】If only I were beautiful as you are. 我要是和你一样漂亮就好了。 【真题】【真题】Look at the trouble I am in! If only I _ your advice.A. followed B. would follow C. had followed D. should follow【解析】【解析】If only所在的句子表示与过去事实相反的假设，正确答案为C项。表示与将来事实相反的假设，用表示与将来事实相反的假设，用wou

38、ld +动词原型动词原型，如： 【例句】【例句】If only he would reply to my letter. 要是他能给我回信就好了！ 虽然虽然If only大都用在虚拟条件句中，但是也可用于真实条件句中，大都用在虚拟条件句中，但是也可用于真实条件句中，如： 【例句】【例句】 If only he would get the job, it would make a great deal of difference. 他要是能得到这个工作，情况就会大不相同。 Grammaronly if Point 3 Only if是由充当前置修饰语的副词only和从属连词if组合而成的，表示惟

39、一条件，意为“只有才”，引导让步状语从句，用以表示条件。Only if易与if only混淆，这一点要特别注意。 【例句】【例句】Will you come? 你来吗？ Only if you promise not to invite Mary. 只要你保证不请玛丽(我就来)。 Only if these conditions are fulfilled can the application proceed to the next stage. PART4ExerciseSpeaker：高敏ExerciseSpecialized vocabulary60%gText A Language

40、building-upicdfheabMatch the words and phrases in Column A with the definitions in Column BExercise60%Text A Language building-upComplete the following sentences with the correct form of the above expressions.1 plays an important role in determining whether acompany is selling new products in a new

41、or existing market.2 are no doubt dependent upon culture, education,and individual tastes among other factors.3 In a , two or more “parent” companies agree to share capital, technology, human resources, profits and losses for the purpose of executing a particular business undertaking.4 The benefits

42、of are obvious in that foreign suppliers can help cut costs, opening a new office overseas can boost revenue, and inking a conatract with a foreign partner can bring expertise and contacts to the business at minimal cost as well.5 are changing in troubled times and now peopleneed to control their im

43、pulses for shopping.6 play an important role in retail sales by attracting attention through the physical display of products.Growth strategy Consumer preferencesjoint venture international expansionShopping behaviorsMerchandising strategiesExercise60%Text A Language building-upSignpost languageComp

44、lete the following sentences with the correct form of the words and expressions in the above box. There may be more than one correct answer.1 Many consumers also lacked cars, and did not buy in large volumes _ consumers in the United States _. 2 After the hugs and kisses of the team-members, the awa

45、rd ceremony was, _, cold and flat. 3 The festival has been a great success, _ last year when it rained non-stop.4 The cost of these planes is 3 million, _ the 2 million charged by their competitors.asdidin contrastunlikeas opposed toExerciseFormal EnglishText A Language building-uparguedgoodschange;

46、 attractiveThe following sentences are selected from Text A. Replace the underlined formal words with less formal ones.ExerciseFormal EnglishText A Language building-upthe truth isaccepthas announced officiallyPART5Sale yourselfSpaker:管悦辰Sale yourselfRules: This part will fully investigate your eloq

47、uence, business acumen and random strain capacity.A total of four kinds of need to sell the goods here, each group of students chosen to represent sales to other groups.First by the first group of students for the other a set of choice in selling its or his goods, the selected group will choose for the rest of the group of a group of goods, the last the rest of the goods by the first set of sales.Each group will receive 3 minutes presentation time, s