定语从句在写作中的运用(教师版)

1、定语从句在写作中的运用1. con tradict ion n. Saying sth that con flicts with sth said or writte n by sb;disagreeme nt 反驳；矛盾2. obstacle n. Thing which sta nds in the way and preve nts progress障碍；阻碍3. approval n. Show ing or say ing that one thinks sth is good or acceptable or satisfactory 赞成；承认4. revelati on n.

2、Making known sth that was secret or hidde n; reveali ng启示； 揭示5. critic n. Pers on whoart,literature,music,etcevaluates and describes the quality of sth,esp works of 批评家；评论家6. spon sor n.Pers on who agrees to be resp on sible for sth; pers on who puts forward担保人；发起人；商人窃贼顺序；序列a preposal;sports eent, e

3、tc,usually in retur n for advertis ing 赞助者7. mercha nt n. Person who buys and sells goods in large qua ntities8. Burglar n. Pers on who breaks into houses,shops,etc in order to steal9. Seque nee n. Order in which things or events follow one ano ther10. Squirrel n. Small tree-climbingalso stores them

4、 for the winteranimal with long furry tail that eats nuts and 松鼠一、写作中常用的几种定语从句1 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词 who, whom whose, that , which , as引导的定语从句是写作的一大重点，尤 其是which和as引导的非限制性定语从句在高考范文中更是屡见不鲜。Actually, we can't succeed in everything that we try. （2014福建高考满分作文）A sailor who has experieneedno storm will neve

5、r become an excellentsailor.（2013福建高考满分作文）没经历过暴风雨的水手永远不会成为一名优秀的水手。I am deeply impressed by the great cha nges that have take n place inthe school over the past three years（2011 福建咼考满分作文）辽宁高考满分作文）Everyone of you is expected to be part of the eve nt which en courages creative minds and gives full play

6、 to your DIY skills. （2014I was on my way to the bookstore and was waiting for the green light at a crossing when a girl of about ten was knocked down by a passing car, which drove off quickly.（2014湖北高考满分作文）People can enjoy the moon while eat ing moon cakes,which are the special foodfor this festiva

7、l.（2013辽宁高考满分作文）人们可以一边吃月饼一边赏月，月饼是这个节日的特殊食品。2 关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词引导的定语从句是指when, where , why引导的定语从句。The reason why people celebrate the festival is that they believe it is the time when the moon is at its fullest and brightest in the whole year, and people will gather together eati ng moon cakes and appre

8、ciati ng the full moon .（2013辽宁高考满分作文）人们庆祝这个节日的原因是，他们相信这时候是一年中月亮最满、最亮的时候，人们聚在一起吃月饼、赏满月。3. "介词+ which/whom ”引导的定语从句Years of school life have taught me a lot of thin gs,of which what strikes memost is that we should take care not to hurt others with our words, deliberately or by accident.（2013湖北高

9、考满分作文）多年的校园生活教会了我很多东西，其中使我印象最深的是我们应该尽量不要用言语伤 害别人，无论是故意还是无意。即时演练用适当的关系词填空1. Those who do simple and ordinary jobs are also promoting the development of the society.（2013广东高考满分作文）2. As we all know, cleaning streets is one of the hardest work.（2013广东高考满分作文）3. Everyone of you is expected to be part of t

10、he event which encourages creativemin ds and gives full play to your DIY skills. （2014辽宁高考满分作文 ）4. The truth is ereryone will have one of those periods when things seem to begoing wrong, so you don 'have to worry so much. （2014安徽高考满分作文 ）5. She was educated at Beijing University, after which she

11、went to have her adva need study abroad.、定语从句的写法定语从句是比较难掌握而又是学生在写作中喜欢尝试的复杂句，因此在写作时可采用“三步法”：第一步：写出两个简单句。第二步：在一个简单句中找出一个要修饰的词汇，这个词在两个简单句中都有。第三步：把另一个简单句改成定语从句，要特别注意引导词的选择。示例第一步：写出两个简单句。 The foreig ner is from Can ada. He visited our class yesterday.第二步：在句 中找出一个要修饰的词汇：the foreigner 。第三步：用句 充当定语从句，the fo

12、reigner为先行词指人，句 中的代词he指代the foreigner且在句子中作主语，故用who或that作引导词。The foreig ner who/that visited our class yesterday is from Can ada.即时演练把下列每组题中的两个简单句合并为一个含有定语从句的复合句1. rve always Ionged for the days. I will be able to be independent then.rve_alwaysonged_for_the_dayswhen l_will be_able_to_be_ independ 2.

13、 I have a friend. Her father is an engineer.I_have_a friend_whose_father_is_arcengin 3. They pla nted the trees. The trees did n't n eed much water.They_plan ted_the_trees_that/which_did n't_ need_much_water. 4. This is the best method. It can be used against pollution.This_is_the_best_metho

14、d_that_can_be_used_against_polluti 5. They sent the elderly some fruits, cleaned the rooms and had a good chat with them. The elderly always feel Ion ely.They_sent_some_fruits_to_the_elderly_who_always_feel_Ionely,_cleaned_thoms and had a good chat with them.三、定语从句写作的几点注意事项误：I live in Beijing, 正: I

15、live in Beijing, 误：I have a friend, 正: I have a friend,1. 误用关系词where is the capital of Ch ina.which is the capital of China.who's name is Liu Mei.whose n ame is Liu Mei.2句子残缺误： There were many students took part in the English competition.正： There were many students who took part in the English

16、competition.误： Those who in favor of the proposal, please raise your hands.正： Those who are in favor of the proposal, please raise your hands.3有多余词误： The film I saw it last night was really very good.正： The film I saw last night was really very good.误： Last week, I returned to the village where I gr

17、ew up there in my childhood.正： Last week, I returned to the village where I grew up in my childhood. 4定语从句与并列句的混淆误： In fact, smoking is a bad habit, it does great harm to people's health.正： In fact, smoking is a bad habit, which/and it does great harm to people's health.误： His parents told h

18、im many times not to play beside the river, it didn't help.正： His parents told him many times not to play beside the river, which/but it didn't help. 即时演练 单句改错1 Those have work experience can find a job easily.答案： Those 后加 who2 Some songs remind us of the people which we love.答案：which t who(

19、m)3 This is the factory we visited it last year.答案：去掉 it4 She has been a teacher for 30 years in the place where used to be a poor area.答案： where t which/that5 As a child, Jack studied in a village school, it is named after his grandfather.答案： it t which 或在 it 前加 and 综合演练提升 I. 用定语从句翻译短语1. 一个叫做Tom的男孩

20、2. 教我们英语的老师3. 昨天我妈妈给我的钱4. 矗立在河边的楼房5. 一位皮包被偷了的女士6. 我们在农场工作的开心日子7. 她工作的地方8. 她没有交作业的原因总结：定语从句可以修饰主句的不同成分主语，宾语，表语 非限制性定语从句，有时可以修饰整个主句。1. The girl who studies hard is very beautiful.2.I know the girl who studies hard.3.This is the girl who studies hard.II. 翻译句子1. 不努力学习的学生不会通过考试的。The students who don '

21、;t study hard will not pass the exam.2. 她上周买的裙子非常好看。The dress, which she bought last week ,is very nice .3. 这就是他爸爸工作的地方。This is the place where his father works.4. 你们已经取得了很大的进步，这使老师非常高兴。You have made great progress, which makes your teacher very happy.5. 众所周知，他是一个好学生。As is known to us all, he is a g

22、ood student.6. 北京是中国的首都，它是一座美丽的城市。Beijing,which is the capital city of China ,is a very se)7. 鲁迅的原名 (real name) 是周树人。在他的一生中他写了很多小说和散文(Luxun,whose real name is ZhouShuren, wrote many novels and proses in his whole life .III. 欣赏句子1. 我总是会参观一些博物馆，这些博物馆对于拓宽视野、丰富知识来说是不应错过的。I would visit some

23、museums which_should_not_be_missed to widen my horizons aswell as enrich my knowledge. （2013山东高考满分作文）2. 当今，父母为他们的独生子女做所有的事情，这使得这些独生子女非常依赖于父母。Nowadays pare ntshave done everyth ingfor theirsi nglechildre n,which_makes_the_children_rely_on_their_parents badly.（2013福建高考满分作文）3你知道，中国结非常受中国人的喜欢。As_you_kno

24、w,_Ch in ese knots are very popular with Chin ese people. （2013新课标全国卷n满分作文）4你知道，我的叔叔李明要去你居住的城市参加一个国际会议。You know, my uncle Li Mi ng is going to the city where you live to atte nd anin ternatio nal meet in g.（2013新课标全国卷I满分作文）5我经常想起被陌生人的言语伤害和侮辱的时候，甚至有时是来自熟悉的人。I often think about the times when I have f

25、elt hurt and insultedby rude remarksfrom strangers and sometimes even from acquaintances.（2013湖北高考满分作文 ）IV. 改写句子例子：Jack is from Canada.He has studied in our school for three years .He often helps us lear n En glish .He speaks Chin ese very well.改写 1: Jack is a student of our school ,who comes from C

26、anada .He has studiedin our school for three years .He often helps us learn English , and he speaks Chinese very well.改写 2： Jack comes from Canada. He is a student of our school where he has studied for 3 years . Not only does he often help us learn Englishbut he speaks Chineseflue ntly as well .实战演练：Our class is a big family; It consists of 12 girls and 50 boys. Mostof them are mainly from the countryside. Zhao Qiang is a kind-hearted boy. He is always ready