精讲现在完成时态讲解

1、 现在完成时现在完成时The Present Perfect Tense一、结构：一、结构：1) I have (Ive ) studied English since I was 4 years old. 自从4岁起我就一直学英语。2) Shes been to the Great Wall many times. 她去过长城很多次了。二二、否定及疑问句形式：否定及疑问句形式：否定：否定：一般问句：一般问句： have not= havent has not= hasnt. 答语答语：Yes, 主+ have/ has. No, 主+ havent/ hasnt. Ive already f

2、inished my homework. -Ive not finished my homework yet. -Have you finished your homework yet? -Yes, I have. No, I havent.(Not yet.) Kites made a special meal for us. -Kite hasnt made a special meal for us. -Has Kite made a special meal for us/ you? -Yes, she has. No, she hasnt. What has Kite done fo

3、r us/ you ? They have been friends for many years. -How long have they been friends? -They have been friends since many years ago. 三、三、用法：用法：Im not hungry now, I have(Ive) eaten lunch. 1)、我现在不饿，我吃过午饭了。We have to walk upstairs, the lift has (the lifts) broken. 2)、我们必须爬楼梯，电梯坏了。3 3）、）、- - Its so dark.I

4、ts so dark. -Someone has turned off the light.Someone has turned off the light.(有人刚把灯关了有人刚把灯关了,对现在造成的结果是对现在造成的结果是:现在很黑现在很黑) 4）、）、- Are you free? -I have finished my homework. I am freeI have finished my homework. I am free( (我已我已经经完成了家庭作完成了家庭作业业,对现在造成的结果是很有对现在造成的结果是很有空空)I have (Ive ) studied English

5、 since I was 4 years old. 1)、自从4岁起我就一直学英语。She has (Shes) listened to music forthree hours today. 2)、她今天听了三个小时的音乐了。The supermarket has opened for one year. 3)、这家超市开业有一年了。The supermarket has been open for one year. 4)、我有很长一段时间没见到Tom了。I havent seen/ met Tom for a long time. 5）、我记得所有的单词，我刚刚抄过了。6）、Tom把他的

6、钢笔弄丢了，他没法做作业。7）、自半个月前开始他就在这所学校了。I remember all the words, I have (Ive) just copied them. Tom (Toms ) has lost his pen, he cant do his homework. He has (Hes) been in/at the school since half a month ago. 8）、我看过西游记这本书。I have read the book Journey to the West. 9）、那个小男孩已经用光了所有的钱。The little boy has alrea

7、dy run out of all his money . I have already washed my clothes.The lady hasnt found her dog yet. He has just come back from school. Allen has ever been to Hong Kong. Shes never seen such an exciting match before1、我已经洗过我的衣服了。2、这位女士还没找到她的狗。3、他刚刚从学校回来。4、Allen曾经去过香港。5、她以前从没看过这么精彩的比赛。Recently, I haventhe

8、ardfromher.Wehaventseenyoulately. 6、这些日子我没有收到她的信。 。7、最近我们没有见到你。In the past 5 years, great changes have taken place in our school. 8、最近5年我们学校发生了很大变化。五、五、Since 的用法的用法 1、since + 过去一个时间点（如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1990 , last month , half past six ） I have stayed here since 1990. 从1990起，我一直在这儿。 2、since+ 一段时间+ago for

9、 + 一段时间 I have been here since five months ago（ for 5 months）。 自从五个月前，我已经在这儿了。 3、since+从句（一般过去时）He has lived there since he was born. 从他出生起，他就住在那儿了。 4、It is +一段时间+since从句 It is two years since I became an English teacher. 我成为英语老师有两年了。1._ two years 2. _ two years ago 3. _ last month 4. _ 1999 5. _ ye

10、sterday 6._ 4 oclock 7. _ 4 hours 8. _ an hour ago 9._ we were children10. _ she left here 11. He has lived in Nanjing _ the year before last. 12. Ive known him _ we were children. 13. Our teacher has studied Japanese _ three years. 14. She has been away from the city _ about ten years. 15. Its abou

11、t ten years _ she left the city.Kite joined the League 2 months ago.(用现在完成时态改写) Kite has joined the League for 2 months. -Kite has been in/ been a member of the League for 2 months. 七、非七、非延续性动词转化为延续性动词：延续性动词转化为延续性动词：1、将其转化为be in/ be +n./ be a member of join the army/League - be in ， be a member of t

12、he army/League go to school - be in/at school, be a student2、将其转化为相应的动词。 borrowkeep, buyhave, become/getbe come/go tobe in/at arrive/reach/get tobe in/at catch a coldhave a cold3、将其转化为be+adj. / be +adv. 的结构。 closebe closed openbe open wakebe awake fall asleep/get to sleepbe asleep diebe dead start/b

13、eginbe on get upbe up go outbe out leavebe away(from) end/finishbe over return/go back/ come back/get backbe back marry/ get married -be marriedHis grandpa has been dead for 5 years. 他爷爷去世有5年了。-His grandpa has been dead since 5 years ago. -His grandpa died 5 years ago. -It is 5 years since his grand

14、pa died. The film has been on for 20 minutes. 电影已经开演有20分钟了。-The film has been on since 20 minutes ago. -The film started/ began 20 minutes ago. -It is 20 minutes since the film started/began. 这本书你可以借两周。You can keep the book for 2 weeks. You can borrow the book for 2 weeks. 八、区别。八、区别。 have(has)beento

15、 have(has)goneto have(has) been in/athave been to :“到过，去过到过，去过 ”，表示曾经到过表示曾经到过某处，但现在人不某处，但现在人不 在在那儿。那儿。 have gone to :“去了去了”，表示已经去了某地，表示已经去了某地，现在人可能在去的途中或已在那儿了现在人可能在去的途中或已在那儿了。 have been in/at :“在某处在某处(一段时间了一段时间了)”你以前从未去过那儿。 Tom去过桂林，他去年去的。 Mary在哪儿? 她去北京了。 他们去伦敦有20年了。I have never been there before.Tom

16、 has been to Guilin, he went last year.Wheres Mary? She has gone to Beijing.They have been in London for 20 years.Fillintheblankswiththeproperform.1. I_ already _ (see) the film. I _ (see) it last week. 2. _ he _ _ (finish) his work today? Not yet. 3. My father _ just _ (come) back from work. He is

17、tired now. 4. Wheres Li Ming ? He _ (go) to the teachers office. 5. I _ (work) here since I _ (move) here in 1999.6. So far I _(make) quite a few friends here. 7. How long _ the Wangs _(stay) here ? For two weeks. haveseensawHasfinishedhascomehas gonehave workedmovedhave madehavestayed8. I _ just _

18、(finish) my homework. 9. He _ (go) to school on foot every day. 10._ you _ (find) your science book yet? 11. If it _ (be) fine tomorrow, Ill go with you. 12. The students _ (read) English when the teacher came in. 13. Look! The monkey _ (climb) the tree. 14. My mother _ (come) to see me next Sunday.

19、 15. Ive lost my pen. _ you _ (see) it anywhere?havefinishedgoesHavefoundiswere readingis climbingwill comeHaveseen16、He has already finished his homework.（改为否定句） He _ finished his homework _ 17They have already found the lost books.（改为一般问句，并作否定回答） _ they _ the lost books _？No，they_ 18Julia has not

20、got home from school yet（改为肯定句） Julia _ _ _ home from school 19You have never been to Shanghai before，_ _ ？ （改为反意疑问句） 20. Hes gone to Beijing, _ _?（改为反意疑问句）21Mr. Wang began to teach English in this school in 1999 （改为同义句） Mr. Wang _ _ English in this school since 1999 22. They have lived here since 3

21、 years ago. (对划线提问) they here?hasntyetHavefoundyethaventgot/gottenalreadyhashaveyouhehasnthastaughtlivedhavelongHow 翻翻 译译 练练 习：习： 1. 1.我买了这块手表五年了。我买了这块手表五年了。 2. 2.这位老人已经死了十年了。这位老人已经死了十年了。 I I have boughthave bought this watch for five years. this watch for five years. I I have hadhave had this watch

22、 this watch forfor five five years/years/sincesince 5 years 5 years ago.ago. The old man The old man has diedhas died for ten years. for ten years. The old man The old man has been deadhas been dead for ten for ten years/since 10 years/since 10 years ago.years ago.WW 3.3.他已经回来三天了。他已经回来三天了。 4. 4.自从六点

23、钟他就来这儿了。自从六点钟他就来这儿了。 5. 5.我离开家乡已十年了。我离开家乡已十年了。 He He has come backhas come back for 3 days. for 3 days. He He has been backhas been back forfor 3 days/ 3 days/sincesince 3 3 days days agoago. . He He has come herehas come here since 6 oclock. since 6 oclock. He He has been herehas been here since 6

24、oclock. since 6 oclock. I I have lefthave left hometown for 10 years. hometown for 10 years. I I have been away fromhave been away from hometown for 10 hometown for 10 years. years.WWW动动 词词 填填 空：空： 1._ you _(clean) the room?1._ you _(clean) the room? Yes, we _(do) that Yes, we _(do) that alreadyalre

25、ady. . When _ you _(do) it? When _ you _(do) it? We _(do) it We _(do) it an hour agoan hour ago. .2._ he _(see) this film 2._ he _(see) this film yetyet? Yes.? Yes. When _ he _(see) it? When _ he _(see) it? He _ it He _ it last weeklast week. . 3. How many times _you_(be) there? 3. How many times _y

26、ou_(be) there? HaveHavecleanedcleanedhave donehave donediddiddododiddidHasHasseenseendiddidseeseesawsawhavehavebeenbeen4. I _ (read) the novel twice. It4. I _ (read) the novel twice. Its interesting.s interesting.5. She _(go) to Pairs, hasn5. She _(go) to Pairs, hasnt she? Yes.t she? Yes. How _ she

27、_(go) there? How _ she _(go) there? She _(go) there by air. She _(go) there by air.6. 6. So farSo far, many countries _(develop) , many countries _(develop) their software programs. their software programs.7.Mr Chen _(give)up smoking 7.Mr Chen _(give)up smoking last yearlast year. .8.Mr Chen _(give)

28、 up smoking 8.Mr Chen _(give) up smoking since last yearsince last year. .have readhave readhas gonehas gonediddidgogowentwenthave developedhave developedgavegavehas givenhas given选用选用 forfor和和 sincesince填空填空: :1.We haven1.We havent seen each other _ a long time.t seen each other _ a long time.2.His

29、 father has been in the Party _ 10 years 2.His father has been in the Party _ 10 years ago.ago.3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to 4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to China.China.5.His grandparents have been dead _ sever

30、al 5.His grandparents have been dead _ several years.years.6. It6. Its five years _ we met last time.s five years _ we met last time.forforsincesinceforforsincesinceforforsincesince用用Have been to, have gone to, have been in 填空填空1.1.Mike and his parents _ the north Mike and his parents _ the north fo

31、r half a year.for half a year.2.2.Mum is not at home now. she _ the Mum is not at home now. she _ the shop.shop.3.3._ you ever _ to kunming ? Never._ you ever _ to kunming ? Never.4.4.Where _ you _ these days?Where _ you _ these days?5.5.Has Jim arrived yet?Has Jim arrived yet? Yes, he _ here for se

32、veral days. Yes, he _ here for several days.6.6.Where is Peter? I dont know where he Where is Peter? I dont know where he _._.7.7.Hi Jim! Where _ you _ ? Li Lei Hi Jim! Where _ you _ ? Li Lei is looking for you. is looking for you.have been inhas gone tohave beenHave beenhas been has gonehave been改改

33、 错错1. How long have you begun to study English?2. I have borrowed this book for two weeks.3. The river has become very dirty since last August.4. Our manager is away today. He has been to Guangzhou on business.5. He has gone out for two years.studiedkeptbeengonebeen1. The house is dirty. We _it for

34、weeks. A didnt clean B hadnt cleaned C dont clean D havent cleaned2. -_the sports meeting might be put off. -Yes, it all depends on the weather. A Ive been told B Ive told C Im told D I told3. - Im sorry to keep you waiting. -Oh, not at all. I _here only a few minutes. A have been B had been C was D will be 4. You dont need to describe her. I _ her several times. A. had met B have met C met D meet 5. -Will you go to Beijing for vacation ?-I _ to go , but I dont know if I