阿富汗即将终止私人保安公司运作一托福阅读机经背景

1、智课网TOEFL备考资料阿富汗即将终止私人保安公司运作一托福阅读机经背景 In Afghanistan, international development organizations and some businesses must now stop using private companies to provide security for their operations and instead rely on the interior ministrys new Afghan Private Protection Force. 在阿富汗，阿富汗政府要求国际发展组织和一些公司雇用内政部

2、新成立的阿富汗私人保护部队为他们的运作提供安全保护，而不是雇用私人保安公司。 President Hamid Karzai has long been opposed to the large number of private security companies in the country because he says many of them disregard Afghan laws and could grow into private militias. And, there have been cases of contractor abuse ranging from vi

3、olence to cultural insensitivity that have given the private security industry a bad name among many Afghans. 阿富汗总统卡尔扎伊长期以来一直反对大量私人保安公司在阿富汗营业，因为他说，许多这样的公司不遵守阿富汗法律，有可能发展成私人自卫队。另外，这些承包保安任务的公司也干了一些从暴力到漠视当地文化的坏事，在许多阿富汗人心目中，这些事情给私人保安行业带来了坏名声。 Karzai set this month as the deadline for private security fir

4、ms to be replaced with the interior ministrys new Afghan Private Protection Force or APPF. That deadline has been extended for up to 90 days to facilitate the transition. But more than 50 private security companies will be dissolved and more than 10,000 security guards will be re-assigned or replace

5、d. 卡尔扎伊把这个月定为最后期限，要求由内政部新成立的阿富汗私人保护部队取代私人保安公司。这个最后期限已被延长多达90天，以帮助保安任务的交接工作。不过，50多家私人保安公司将被解散，1万多名保安人员将被重新安排工作或者被替换。 Brigadier General Carsten Jacobson, spokesman for NATOs International Security Assistance Force, says this is an important milestone in the process of transferring all security respons

6、ibilities to Afghan forces before most international combats troops withdraw in 2014. 北约驻阿富汗的国际安全援助部队发言人贾各布森准将说，这是在2014年大多数国际战斗部队撤出阿富汗之前把所有安全责任移交给阿富汗部队进程中的一个重要里程碑。 “The APPF is focusing now on taking over security responsibility for development projects, convoys and commercial businesses, said Jacob

7、son. By March 2013 all security for ISAF bases and construction sites are scheduled to transition to the APPF.” 贾各布森说：“阿富汗私人保护部队现在集中精力对于发展项目、车队和商务公司的保安责任。按预定计划，到2013年3月，国际安全援助部队基地和建设工地的所有保安工作都将移交给阿富汗私人保护部队。” Of course the service is not free. Companies and the interior ministry have for months been

8、negotiating how the process will work and how much it will cost. An American company called DAI, Development Alternatives Incorporated, recently made the transition. DAI runs a number of USAID funded projects including one to help farmers improve crop yields and profits as an incentive to turn away

9、from the illicit poppy economy. 显然，新的保安服务不是免费提供的。几个月来，各个公司一直与内政部就移交过程以及新的保安费用进行谈判。一家叫做开发替代方案的美国公司最近已完成了保安工作的转换。开发替代方案公司管理着一些美国国际开发署资助的项目，其中一个项目是帮助农民提高作物产量和利润，把它作为一种物质刺激，以便让这些农民不再从事非法的罂粟经济活动。 DAIs director of communications, Steven OConnor, says the company uses security guards to protect personnel a

10、t a number of offices and compounds throughout the country. He says under the new arrangement with the interior ministry, things are much the same as before. His group was even able to retain the same security guards. 开发替代方案公司联络部主任史蒂文.奥康诺尔说，他们公司在阿富汗各地的一些办公室和大院雇用保安人员保护工作人员。他说，根据与内政部商定的新安排，保安情况基本上与过去是

11、一样的。他的公司甚至还能留用原有的保安人员。 “So we basically contract with the APPF now, but it is the same people, said OConnor. Theyll go down to get registered at the ministry and they return to work for us under a different heading, under a different title.” 奥康诺尔说：“我们现在基本上用阿富汗私人保护部队提供的保安服务，不过负责保安的还是同一批人。他们先要去内政部注册，然

12、后回来在不同的头衔下为我们工作。” DAIs former private security company, Edinburgh International, will remain involved as a risk management adviser. It will continue to train the guards and will liaison between the company and the interior ministry. 开发替代方案公司过去的私人保安公司爱丁堡国际仍将以风险管理顾问的身份参加工作。它将继续培训保安人员，并且在开发替代方案公司与内政部之间

13、进行联络。 The shift comes at a time of intense anti-American sentiment in Afghanistan following the killing of Afghan civilians by a U.S. soldier and the inadvertent burning of Qurans at an American military base. The Quran burning sparked a week of violent nationwide protests and deadly attacks on U.S.

14、 troops. 发生这一转变时，正值阿富汗的反美情绪激烈的时候。因为此前一名美国军人杀害了许多阿富汗平民，另外，可兰经在一个美军基地不慎被焚烧。可兰经被烧事件在阿富汗全国激起一个星期的暴力抗议活动和对美军的致命袭击。 Some development organizations and private security companies have privately expressed reservations about whether guards working for the Interior Ministry can be trusted to provide the same

15、level of protection and security. And, there are concerns about the potential for patronage and corruption by ministry officials who will have exclusive control of the industry. Already, some organizations are seeing rising costs now that they must pay both the Interior Ministry and risk management

16、companies. 一些发展组织和私人保安公司在私下对是否能信任内政部的保安人员可以提供同等程度的保护和安全表达了保留意见。也有人对拥有保安行业独家控制权的内政部可能出现的独断专行和腐败感到担心。一些组织已经看到费用的上涨了，因为他们必须支付内政部和风险管理公司这两方面的费用。 OConnor says DAI is cautiously optimistic about the new system but will keep a close eye on cost and safety issues. 奥康诺尔说，开发替代方案公司对于这一新系统持谨慎的乐观，不过将密切注视费用与安全问题。

17、 “We wouldnt be there now if we didnt think this was at least in principle, a workable solution for providing security, he said. That said, its an untested solution, meaning we are just getting started. Were going to be extremely vigilant to make sure it does provide that kind of accountability and the same standards we had before. 奥康诺尔说：“如果我们认为这种提供保安的方法至少从原则上讲是不可行的解决方案，我们现在就不会采用这种方案。话虽如此，这还是一种尚未得到验证的方案，这就是说，我们只是刚刚开始。我们一定要极为警觉，以确保新系统确实能提供那种责任以及我们过去的相同标准。” If security concerns do develop or associated costs increase significantly, private development companies say they will del