初中常用英语短语及习惯用语

1、中考英语分类整理1 初中常用英语短语及习惯用语 初中常用英语短语及习惯用语（黑体短语为新课标要求会的短语） a balance of 的平衡，和谐，协调a bit (of) 有一点，一会儿above all首要，首先according to根据，按照achieve ones dream (= make ones dream come true) 实现/成就某人的梦想，梦想成真a couple of 一些，几个across from在对过addto把加到上add up to合计达advise sb. against (doing) sth. 劝某人不要做某事advise sb. to do st

2、h. 建议某人做某事a few一些，少量（少而有，表肯定）【few一点（少而无，相当于没有，表否定）】afford to do sth有足够的钱做某事after all毕竟，终究after class 课后again and again反复地，再三地a good/great many大量，许多a good way to 做的好方法a great/good deal of大量，许多（修饰不可数）a great number of 大量，许多agree about sth.表示对（某物、某事）的价值有一致的看法agree on sth.确定某事，在某方面意见一致agree to +（安排、计划或决

3、定等词）同意某事agree to do sth.同意做某事agree with sb同意某人的看法，与某人的看法一致ahead of在之前aim to do sth. 目的是；力求达到，力争做到a kind of一种，一类a little一点，少许(少而有) 【little 一点（少而无，相当于没有，表否定）】a little bit 一点儿；少许all in all总的来说，总计all kinds of各种各样all over到处，遍及；结束all over the world世界各地allow doing sth.允许做某事allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事all ri

4、ght行了，好吧，（病）好了all sorts of 各种各样的all the best一切顺利，万是如意all the same仍然，还是all the same time同时all the time总是，一直(= always)【all the time = the whole time全部时间】all the year round一年到头all together一起，总共all year round一年到头，终年along with sb./sth. 与一起，与同样地；除以外（还）a lot (of)许多，大量a moment ago刚才and so on等等another + 数字（=

5、 数字 + more）再来几个，还有几个a number of一些，许多（修饰名词做主语谓语用复数）【the number of 的数（做主语谓语动词用单数）】answer for对负责any minute now 随时，马上，在任何时刻a pair of一双，一副apart from 除去，除了a piece of一块，一张，一根，一片argue with sb.与某人争吵arrive in/at到达as a matter of fact事实上，其实as a result（作为）结果as as 像，如同a set of一套/组/副as for至于，关于，就而言a sharp turn急转弯a

6、s if似乎/好象ask for请求，询问，寻找（灵活翻译）ask for a ride 搭车ask sb.for help向某人求助ask (sb) for sth向某人寻求/要某物as for至于；关于as long as只要（= if only）as often as possible 尽可能经常地as soon as 一就as soon as possible尽可能早地as though好象，仿佛as usual 通常，平常地as we know众所周知as well 也，还有as well as除之外（也），也，还at a distance of 相隔，离at a high spee

7、d 高速at a speed of 5 meters a second 以每秒5米的速度at first起先，开始的时候at home 在家at home and abroad 国内外a ticket to/for 的票【the way to 去的路】【the key to 的钥匙】【the answer to 的答案】at different times在不同时间at first起初，开始at last最后，终于at least至少，起码at most至多at night在晚上，在夜里at noon在中午at once立刻，马上at ones age在某人的年龄at school在学校（上课

8、）求学（状态）at table吃饭，就餐at the age of在岁时at the beginning of 在开端at the centre of在中心at the concert在音乐会上at the end of在的结尾/末端at the foot of 在脚下， 在下端at the head of在前头at the Music Hall在音乐厅at the same time同时at the table在桌旁at the top of在上端，在顶端 ( 侧重“点”)at this moment此刻，现在at this time yesterday在昨天这个时刻at times 有时，

9、偶尔a two-day weekend双休日周末at work在工作，在从事某种工作avoid doing sth避免做某事base on 以为基础（根据）be able to能够（有能力）做某事be afraid of doing 害怕做，害怕某事发生（怕产生结果）be afraid of sb./sth.害怕某人/某物be afraid to do sth.不敢去做某事(不敢去实施行为)be afraid that (从句)害怕be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事（allow doing sth. 允许做某事）be amazed at对感到惊讶( =be surpris

10、ed at)be angry with sb.生某人的气be angry at sb/sth.对某人的言行/某事感到气愤be angry about sth.对某事生气be away from离开某地；缺席be bad at 在方面做得不好be bad for对有害be bored with对感到厌倦be born出生be careful小心，当心because of因为，由于be covered with被覆盖着be different from 与不同bed time就寝时间be famous for以而著名，因而出名be famous as作为而著名be fed up with厌倦be

11、filled with 装满了be fond of (doing) sth.喜欢，喜爱（做）某事before long不久（以后）【long before很久以前。巧记：long 在前，很久以前；long在后，不久以后】be forced to do 被迫做be full of装满，充满begin with 从开始，以为起点be glad to乐意be good at擅长, 在方面做得好be good for对有益be good/kind to对友好；友善be harmful to ( do harm to ) 对有害be helpful for/in (doing) sth.对有帮助be h

12、elpful to do sth.有助于做某事be in参加（ = take part in）be in good health身体健康be interested in 对感性趣be in trouble 处于不幸、苦恼、困境之中be known as 作为而著名be known for 因为而闻名be late for (school)（上学）迟到believe in oneself 自信believe in sb.信任某人believe sb. 相信某人（所说的话是真的）belong to属于be mad at/with sb.对某人非常恼火be made by某物由（某人/某物）制造be

13、 made from由做成的 (不可视原材料) (化学变化)be made into把制成be made of由造成的 (可视原材料) (物理变化)be made up of由组成/构成be made with 被被用做be meant to do be/do 应该是/做be named after （被）以命名be nervous about对感到紧张be pleased to do sth很高兴/乐意做某事be pleased with 对感到高兴/满意be popular with 受喜爱，受欢迎be proud of 骄傲，自豪be proud to do sth.做某事而自豪be p

14、roud + that（从句）以为自豪be ready for 为准备好be satisfied with对感到满意 ( = be pleased with )be short for 是的缩写be short of缺少，缺乏be similar to与相似be sorry for sth.为某事感到后悔、遗憾、抱歉(be) stressed out有压力的；紧张的；精疲力竭的；心力憔悴的be strict in/about sth对某事要求严格be strict with sb 对某人严格要求be suitable for 使用/适合于be supposed to 应该；被期望/要求（用于否

15、定句时，意为“不允许”）be (not) sure of (doing) sth.be (not) sure about sth.be (not) sure to do sthbe not sure whether/if不确信是否be (not) sure + that 从句be surprised at/by 对/为感到惊奇be the pride of 是的骄傲be the same as和相同be tired of 对厌烦的，厌腻的betweenand 在和 之间be up起床（状态）be used as被作为使用；用作be used by由使用be used for被用作；被用来做be

16、 used in 被用在里be/get used to (doing) sth.习惯于（做）某事be used to do sth.（某物）被用来做某事（被动语态）【used to do过去常常做】be weak in 在方面薄弱be well worth doing 很值得做be worth doing值得做boiled water开水book a ticket订票bothand 两个都，既又break away from脱离break down损坏；（把化合物等）分解，（汽车）抛锚break in闯入，强行进入，插嘴，打断break off打断；折断break out（战争、火灾）突然发生

17、，爆发break the rule 违反规则break up分裂；分解bring down 推翻bring in引来，引进，吸收bring on引起，导致，使前进bring up教育，培养brush ones teeth刷牙build up增进；加强；逐步建立；使更强壮bus ride乘车by accident偶然by air/plane / bus / train / ship / car 乘飞机、公共汽车、火车、轮船、汽车等by and by不久以后，逐渐地by day 日间，在白天by mistake错误地，无意地by oneself单独，独自by the end of到末为止by th

18、e way顺便说一下，顺便问一下call for提倡，号召，需要call in召来，召集call on拜访，访问call up 号召，打电话calm down（使）平静；镇静，平静下来cancel an order / orders 取消订单cant help doing情不自禁，忍不住cant stand sth./doing sth. 不能容忍某事/做某事cant wait to do sth.迫不及待地要做某事care for喜欢；照顾（病人），关爱carry off携走，夺走carry on继续下去；继续开展carry out开展，实施，执行catch up with赶上（或超过）ca

19、use air pollution造成空气污染cause sb. to do sth.使某人做某事cause sth. to be done 使某事做成change into转换成，把变成chat on the Net网上聊天check in报到，登记check out查明，结帐check over检查cheer on欢呼，加油cheer up变得高兴，振作起来classical music古典音乐clean out清理clean up清除；打扫干净clear up整理，收拾，（天气）放晴click on 单击，点击close friends亲密朋友close to靠近；接近come abou

20、t发生，产生（尤指不受控制的，往往注重原因，常与how搭配使用）come across（偶然）遇见（或发现）come along赶快，加把劲；进步，进展；（意外地）出现；发生；来到come along with与一起去come back回来，想起来come back to life复活，苏醒come by从旁边走过come down落，下来come from出生（于），来自 ( = be from)come/go home回家come in进入，近来come into being形成；出现；成立come off从离开，脱落come on来吧，赶快come out出来，（书等）出版，发行come

21、 over顺便来访come over to从一个地方到另个地方come to共计，达到；涉及，至于；苏醒，复苏；停止，停泊；（海船）迎风转向；渐渐地come to an end 结束come to oneself苏醒，恢复知觉come/go to school来/去上学come true变为现实，成为事实come up上来，上升，抬头come up with追上，赶上；想出（主意）；找出（答案）communicatewith与沟通compare with/to 与相比complain to sb. about sb向某人抱怨某人computer game电子游戏congratulateon 祝

22、贺connect into 把连接成为connect to/with（把和）连接，相连continue doing sth.（隔一段时间或中间做了很多事）继续做原先做的事continue to do sth.继续做同一件事情（中间无停顿或停顿一会）country music乡村音乐cut down砍倒cut in插嘴；插入cut in line插队cut off切断；中断；使停止cut up 齐根割掉；切碎，剁碎dance to music伴随音乐跳舞day and night日日夜夜day by day一天天，逐日day off 休假；（因病或节假日）休息；不工作；不上学deal with处

23、理，解决，对付【deal with常用与how连用的疑问句中;】【同义词do with用于否定句或与what连用的疑问句中】decide on选定，决定decide to do sth.决定做某事depend on/upon依靠，相信，依赖die of /from死于die out消失，灭亡different from与不同divideinto把分成divide up分配do badly in 在方面做得不好do better in在方面做得更好do business 做生意do chores处理琐事；干家务do harm to 对 有害do/try ones best (to do sth.

24、)尽最大努力（做某事）do outdoor activities 做户外活动do some cleaning/shopping/reading 做扫除/买东西/读书do the dishes洗碗（= wash the dishes）do the laundry洗衣服do well in 在方面做得好download music下载音乐dozens of几十，许多draw up拟订，起草dream of doing 梦想做drop in顺便走访（某人）due to由于，因为during ones life 某人一生（= in ones life）each other互相earn ones liv

25、ing 谋生eat up吃完，吃光end up结束，以结束；结果为;意外到达（某处）end with以结尾，以结束eitheror或者或者encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事enjoy doing sth喜欢做某事enjoy oneself过得愉快enjoy the beauties of nature欣赏大自然的美景even if即使，尽管even though即使，尽管ever since自那时起直到现在everyday life日常生活expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事face to face面对面fail (in) the test/e

26、xam考试不及格fail to do sth.失败/未能做到某事fall asleep入睡fall down倒塌，倒下，跌到；从落下fall ill患病，病倒fall in love (with sb.) 爱上（某人）fall into落入，掉入family name姓far away遥远；在远处（常放在句末作定语）（faraway 形容词“遥远的”）far away from + 地点 离遥远（如果前面有具体数字时，则不能连用far）far from远离feed on以为食，用喂养feed sb.on sth.= feed sth. to sb.用喂feel good about对感觉好fe

27、el like (doing) sth.想要(做)某事feel sleepy 昏昏欲睡feel terrible感觉不舒服fetch sb. sth. / fetch sth. for sb. 给某人取某物fewer than 不到fight against 打仗；战斗；作战figure out理解，想明白fill in/out填充fillwith用填充find out查明，发现，了解first name名字first of all首先 ( = first / firstly )fit into 找到时间做某事folk music民间音乐follow ones advice采纳某人的建议fol

28、low sb. to do sth. 跟着某人去做某事follow the rules遵守规则for certain确切，肯定，确认 ( = for sure )for ever永远for example例如forget about sb/sth忘掉；不再想某人/某物forget doing sth.忘记曾经做过某事forget sth落下某物forget to do sth.忘记做某事for good永远for instance例如（正式用语）for sale待售，出售free time空闲时间；业余时间from beginning to end自始至终from now/then/today

29、 on从现在/那时/今天起fromto从到from time to time不时，偶尔generally speaking 一般来说get a fine被处以罚金get along/on with与相处get away逃；离get back返回；回来；回家get close (to)接近get down降下get down to开始认真（做某事）get in进入；收获；到达get in touch with sb.与某人取得联系get lost 迷路get married结婚get/be ready for sth为某事准备好get/be ready to do sth.准备好做某事get o

30、ff 下班；下车；脱下（衣服等）get on上车；过活；相处；进展get on with sb. 与相处get out出去；离开get out of从出去get out of trouble 摆脱/走出困境get over克服；恢复；原谅get through通过，拨通（电话）get to到达get together聚会，联欢get up起床get well康复give a concert开音乐会give a lecture 演讲give a speech（做）演讲give a try ( = have a try)试一试give away分发；分配；分送；赠送give back归还；送回gi

31、ve birth to生孩子；（喻）生产give in屈服，让步give out 分发give sb. a hand帮助某人 ( = do sb.a favor或help sb.)give sb.a lesson ( = give a lesson to sb)给某人上课；给某人一个教训give sb. a surprise = give a surprise to sb给某人一个惊喜give sb. some advice on/about 给某人一些有关的建议give support to 为提供帮助give up放弃give us joy给我们带来快乐go ahead走在前面，领先；干吧

32、，干下去；继续go around 环绕go away走开，离去go by走过；经过；过去go fishing/hiking/shopping/swimming/boating/skiing/cycling（去）钓鱼/远足/购物/游泳go for主张；做；努力获得go for a holiday 去度假 ( =go on holiday)go for a walk散步go in for参加，喜欢go off走开go on继续go on a field trip去野外旅游go on a visit去旅游go on doing继续干某事，不停地干某事go on to do继续做（另外）go on w

33、ith继续go out出去；熄灭go over仔细检查，复习go scuba diving去潜水go sightseeing去观光，旅游go this way 走这边（= take/come this way）go through浏览；翻阅，通过go to a movie去看电影go to bed上床睡觉go up上升，上涨go wrong出错grow up长大成人，成长had better (do)最好（做）hand in上交；交纳hand out分发hand up举手hang on（打电话时）不挂断，等待片刻hang out（俚语）闲荡；闲逛hang up挂断电话happen to do

34、sth.碰巧做某事（有偶然性）hard-working勤勉的；努力工作的hate doing sth不喜欢做某种习惯性的、经常性的动作hate to do sth不愿意做某一次具体的事情have a class上课have/get/catch a cold患感冒have a concert听音乐会have a cough咳嗽have a fever 发烧have the flu患流感【have a + 症状名称，表示“患病”】have a fight打架have a gift for对有天赋have a good sleep睡个好觉have a good time玩得高兴，过得愉快have a

35、 hard/happy/normal life (= live a hard/happy/normal life) 过着艰难/幸福/正常的生活have a meal吃顿饭have a meeting开会have an accident发生事故have an effect on影响have an (a huge) influence on 对有着（很大的）作用/影响have/take a shower洗淋浴，洗澡have/take a bath洗澡have/take a look看一看have a party开晚会have a picnic野餐have/take a rest休息一下have a

36、 sore throat 嗓子疼have a sweet tooth喜欢吃甜食have a swim去游泳have a taste尝一下have a temperature发烧have a trip去旅游have a try (=give it a try)试一试have/take a walk散散步have breakfast/lunch/supper/dinner吃饭have classes上课have fun (in) doing sth.玩得高兴have fun with玩得高兴have got to不得不；必须have in common有共同之处（常与everything,some

37、thing,much,a lot,nothing等不定代词连用）have nothing to do with 和无关；和不往来have (no) time to do sth. 有（没有）时间做have no trouble doing sth.（=have no difficulty doing sth.）毫不费力做某事have sore eyes眼睛疼have talent for sth某人对某事有天分/天赋have the chance to do sth. 有机会做某事have to不得不，必须have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有

38、麻烦/困难head back home 朝回家的路走head for 朝某方向行进，前往hear from收到来信hear of/about 听说，知道help oneself to请随便吃点helpout帮助某人解决困难help sb. (to) do sth.帮助某人做某事help sb.with sth.帮助某人做某事here and there 到处，各处；零散地hold on等一等（别挂电话）hold ones breath不出气，屏住呼吸hold out伸出；坚持，维持hold up阻挡，使停顿how soon多久以后how often多久一次how far多远how many多少

39、（后接名词复数）how much多少（后接不可数名词）how old多大年纪，几岁human being 人（可数名词，可解释为：a man , a woman or a child）human beings人类（可数名词用复数形式，相当于humans或man，man当“人类”讲时为不可数名词）hundreds of几百，成千上万hurry off匆匆离去（不含催促之意）hurry up快点，赶快if only 只要in a good/bad mood处于好/坏情绪状态in a hurry匆忙，很快地in all总之in all directions向四面八方（= in every direc

40、tion）in a minute马上，立刻in a way 从某一角度，从某一点，在某种程度(=in some way)in a word简言之，总之in bed睡着，卧床（状态）【in the bed在床上（地点）】in class在课堂上in common共同，共有increase by + 倍数或百分数，“增加了倍或百分之”increase to + 具体的增长后的数字，“增加到了”in danger处在危险状态in debt欠债in detail详细地in direction 按/朝方向in fact事实上，实际上in front of在前面（外）【in the front of在前部

41、（内）】in general一般说来，通常in good health身体健康in hospital住院（状态）【in the hospital在医院里（地点）】in many ways 在许多方面in memory of 为了纪念in need 在困难时，在贫困之中in need of需要，缺少in no way绝不in ones opinion 依某人的看法in ones spare time在业余时间，在闲暇时间 (= in ones free time)in ones thirties 在某人三十几岁时in ones view 在某人看来in order (of) 按顺序in orde

42、r that为了in order to为了in other words换句话说in peace安静，宁静in peoples daily life 在人们的日常生活当中（= in our everyday life）in public当众地；公开地in public places 在公共场合in search of寻找，查找in short总而言之，简而言之in some way在某些方面instead of代替，而不是in style时髦的；流行的in surprise吃惊地，惊讶地，惊奇地，意外地in the 1960s在20世纪60年代in the beginning一开始，初期in t

43、he daytime在白天in the end最后，终于in the field of 在领域in the future今后，在将来；未来；将来（时间较长）【in future以后，今后（时间较短）】in the middle of在中间in the morning/afternoon/evening在上午/下午/晚上in the past years 在过去的年里in/during the summer vacation/holiday在暑假期间in the open air在户外，在野外in the past在过去in the school在学校（地点）in the tree (长)在树上

44、on the tree(落、挂)在树上in the way挡道in this/that way用这种/那种方法in those days在当时in time及时，来得及introduce sth. into 把某事物传入或引进某地（into后场跟地点做介宾）introduce to sb. 把介绍给某人in way用方法join in参加，加入join up联合起来，连接起来junk food垃圾食品just a moment稍等一会儿。请稍等just now现在，刚才keep a diary记日记（习惯）keep away (from)远离keep back留下keep doing sth.

45、继续/坚持做某事（连续做，无间隔）keep () down控制，抑制keep fit = keep healthy保持健康keep in good health保持身体健康keep/be in touch with 和保持联系keep off勿踏；勿踩keep on继续（进行）keep on doing 继续做，反复做（中间有间隔）keep ones word守信keep out不让进来keep up保持；维持；继续keep up with赶上，跟上kill them for 为而捕杀它们kind of有几分，差不多，有点，稍微 (=a little)knock at/on敲knock int

46、o sb.撞上某人know about了解，知道的情况last for持续（一段时间）last fromto 从持续到 last but not least最后但也同样重要later on以后，后来laugh at sb嘲笑某人lead to导致，导向learnby oneself =teach oneself自学learnfrom从中学习/向学习learn from sb.向某人学习learn to do sth.学做某事leave a message to sb给某人留信leavebehind把遗留在/留下leave for动身去某地leave A for B离开A去Blend sth.t

47、o sb.( = lend sb. sth.) 把借给less than不到，少于let in让进来，放进let out放掉，泄露let sb. do sth让某人做某事lie down躺下lie in 位于life in the countryside乡村生活like/love doing sth喜欢做某事（习惯、爱好）like to do sth喜欢/想要做某事（一次性喜好）likes and dislikes好恶；爱憎listen to 听little by little 逐渐地live/have a life过着的生活live on以为主食，靠为生（动物或植物）生长于，栖生于live

48、to (be) years old活到岁living room起居室long ago很久以前look after照顾，照料look ahead向前看，展望未来look around环顾look at看，观看look at oneself in a mirror照镜子look down upon看不起，轻视look for寻找look for trouble 自寻烦恼look forward to盼望，期待，期望look into向里面看去；调查look like 看起来像look on/upon as 把当作，把视为look out留神，当心look over仔细检查look pale看起来（

49、面色）苍白look the same看起来很象look through 看穿，浏览look up查找，查阅lose oneself in 沉浸于，全神贯注于lose ones jobs失业lose ones life丧生lose ones way迷路 ( = get lost )lose touch with 与失去联系lots of许多，大量major in主修，专研make a comeback复出make a contribution to (doing) sth. 为做贡献make a decision做决定make a face/faces做鬼脸，做苦脸make a living谋生

50、，以谋生make a reservation预定make a living 谋生make a promise 许下诺言make/do a survey of 对做调查make friends with与交朋友make mistakes犯错误make ones back to somewhere返回某地make ones bed整理床铺make oneself heard 听到某人的话make oneself understood 使人们明白某人的意思make ones way to somewhere去某地make peace with sb.与某人和解make progress 取得进步（m

51、ake great progress in (doing) sth.在某方面取得巨大进步）make room for给腾地方make sb.do sth使某人做某事【make sb. + adj 使某人(样)】make sure确保，务必，设法保证make the bed整理床铺make up组成，构成；化妆；和解make up of由组成，构成make up ones mind (to do sth.)下决心(做某事)mark the end of 标志的结束marry sb. 和某人结婚millions of成百万，上千万，无数的mistakefor把误以为mix up混合在一起more

52、and more越来越（多的）more or less或多或少more than超过，多于（= over ）much too太neithernor既不也不next to紧接着，相邻，次于no better than 同(几乎)一样差no doubt无疑地no longer不再 = notany longer (指动作、时间不再延续)【与连续行动词连用，常用于现在时或过去时中】no more不再 = notany more(指次数不再增加)【长与短暂行动词连用，多用于将来时中】no matter不管，无论no need没必要not at all一点也不；不用谢，没关系not but 不是而是notenough to do不够不能做(常与tooto同义转换)not onlybut (also)不仅/不但而且not so/asas不象，不如nottill/until直到才now and then 不时，偶尔now that既然of course当然on a farm在农场on an empty stomach空腹on (the/an) average平均，按平均数计算on a visit to (= visit) 参观on board在船上on business