货代英语 unit 9

1、Unit 9 Marine B/L(一）基本要求了解：Electronic Delivery of Marine Bills of Lading 熟悉：General Concept of Marine Bills of Lading, Drawing up Marine Bills of Lading 掌握：Functions of Marine Bills of Lading, Types of Marine Bills of Lading（二）考试内容：1. General Concept of Marine Bills of Lading 2. Functions of Marine

2、B/L3.Types of Marine Bills of Lading4. Drawing up Marine Bills of Lading5. Electronic Delivery of Marine Bills of Lading一、 General concept of Marine Bills General concept of Marine Bills of Lading of Lading 海运提单的一般概念 ( (考试重点) ) 1-1课文：Marine Bills of lading are used primarily in international sales o

3、f goods where the carriage of goods is by sea. 注释：marine bills of lading: 海运提单 primarily: 首先，起初，主要地 international sales of goods:国际货物的销售 carriage: 运输 翻译：海运提单主要用于国际货物销售的海上运输中。 1-2 课文：（海运提单的定义，必须掌握) Definitions（ 定义 ） of the Bill of Lading vary from （不同 ）country to country. Broadly, the bill of lading

4、has been defined as receipt for goods shipped on board a ship, signed by the person (or his agent) contracts to carry them, and stating the terms on which the goods were delivered to and received by the ship. 注释：broadly: 宽广地，广泛, 总体而言 on board: 在船上 stating: 陈述，申明 翻译：每个国家对于提单的定义各有不同。总体而言，提单是货物装船的收据;它由

5、达成货物运输协议的承运人签字，上有货物送到船上及被船方接收的条款。 1-3 课文：It is not the actual contract, but forms excellent evidence of the terms of the contract. 注释：actual:实际的，真实的 excellent: 极好的，卓越的 evidence: 证据，凭证 翻译翻译：提单不是实际的合同，但却构成据以履行合同条款极好的保证。 备注备注：我国海商法对提单的定义：提单，是指用以证明海上货物运输合同和货物已经由承运人接收或者装船，以及承运人保证据以交付货物的单证。提单中载明的向记名人交付货物，

6、或者按照指示人的指示交付货物，或者向提单持有人交付货物的条款，构成承运人据以交付货物的保证。二、Functions of the Marine Bills of Lading 海运提单的作用 海洋提单的三个作用(考试重点) 1.Receipt for the goods shipped 货物装船的收据 课文：A bill of lading is a receipt issued （签发 ）by a carrier （ 承运人 ）that an identifiable consignment of goods has been received by him for shipment, or

7、 actually loaded on board his ship. 注释：receipt: 收据 identifiable:可以确认的 consignment: (货物的)交托，交货，发货，运送 翻译翻译： 提单是由承运人签发的有关承运人已接管提单所明确记载的货物或将货物装船的证明。 课文:The bill of lading as a receipt will show the quantity and condition of the cargo loaded, ships name, port of loading, the destination, details of date

8、and so on（等等）. 注释：condition: 条件，环境 ，情形 destination: 目的地 details:详细资料 翻译：提单作为收据将会列明所装载货物的数量和情况，船舶的名称，装运港，目的地，以及详细的日期等等。 2.Document of title to the goods. 货物的物权凭证 课文：A bill of lading is a document of title to the goods. The possession of a bill of lading is equivalent in law to possession of the goods

9、. 注释：document of title:物权凭证 possession：所有，所有权，持有，占有 equivalent:相等的，相当的，同意义的 翻译：提单是货物的物权凭证。持有提单在法律上等同于持有货物。 课文：The holder of the bill of lading is able to obtain （获得，得到）delivery of the goods at the port of destination and during transit（运输，运送） the goods can be sold merely by endorsing the bill of lad

10、ing. 注释：holder: 持有者，所有者 be able to: 能够 port of destination：目的港 merely:仅仅，只不过 endorse:背书，在(票据)背面签名，认可 翻译：提单的持有者可以在目的港提取货物并且在货物的运输期间可以仅仅通过背书提单将货物卖掉。 3.Evidence of contract 合同的证明 课文：Additionally, the terms （条款 ）of the bill of lading provide evidence of the contract of carriage between the carrier and t

11、he shipper. The terms of the bill of lading contain the terms of the contract. 注释：additionally:另外，加之，又 provide:提供，规定 evidence:证据，证明 翻译：另外，提单的条款也为承运人与托运人之间运输合同提供了证明。提单的条款包含了合同中的条款。三、Types of Marine Bills of Lading 海运提单的类型 (考试重点) 3-1 Order Bills of Lading 指示提单1. Order bills are issued by carriers to t

12、he order of shipper or consignee. 指示提单是由承运人签发给指定的托运人或者收货人。2.The carrier, shipowner, charterer or master （ 船长）will deliver the goods at the port of destination not solely （独自地，单独地 ）to the named consignee, but to any person designated （指定的，派定的）by him. 承运人、船东、租船人或者船长将在目的港交货，不用单独交付给指定的收货人，可交付给任何其指定的人。 3

13、. An order bill of lading is a negotiable document（可转让单据）. 一份指示提单是一份可转让单据。4. Order bills made out （填写，书写，说明）to consignee “or order” can be transferred（转让，过户） by endorsement（背书）. 提单载明收货人或“由某人指示”的指示提单可通过收货人或指示人背书进行转让。 3-2 Straight Bills of Lading 记名提单 1.In contrast with（对比，和.形成对比） the order bills of l

14、ading, straight bills are those made out to named consignees without the addition of the words “or order”. 翻译： 与指示提单相比，记名提单载明指定的收货人而没有附加“由某人指示”的措辞。 2.Straight bills of lading is not negotiable and cannot be transferred to third parties（第三方）. 翻译：记名提单是不可转让的，不能转让给第三方。 3.Delivery of goods can only be ta

15、ken by the named consignee. 翻译：只能由指定的收货人提取货物。 3-3 Shipped Bills of Lading 已装船提单 1. Shipped bills state（陈述，表明 ） definitely （明确地，干脆地）that the goods have been loaded, it confirms（确定，确认） that the goods are actually（实际上，事实上） on board the vessel. 翻译：已装船提单明确表明货物已装船，确定货物已实际装上船舶。 2.Most bills of lading forms

16、 are printed as shipped bills and commence with （从.开始）wording: “Shipped in apparent（外观的） good order and condition.” 翻译：大部分提单格式都会被打印成已装船提单格式并且标注“已装船外表状况明显良好“的措辞。3-4 Received for shipment Bills of Lading （收货待运提单） 1.Received for shipment bills state that the goods have been received for shipment, and d

17、o not indicate（指出，显示) the actual date of loading. 翻译：收货待运提单表明货物已经收货待运，但是不显示实际的装载日期。 2.The received for shipment bill of lading grew up （成长，发展）because with the development（发展） of the liner services（班轮运输业务 ） it became the custom for the shipowner to receive the cargo some hours or even days before it

18、was actually loaded. 翻译：收货待运提单因班轮运输业务的发展而成长起来的并逐渐成为惯例，船东在实际装载期之前几个小时甚至几天收到货物。 3-5 Direct Bills of Lading 直达提单 课文：Direct bills of lading are those covering shipments between direct ports of loading or discharge. 翻译：翻译：直达提单是货物从装运港直接运至目的港卸货的提单。 特点：货物从装货港受载后，中途不经换船，直接运至目的港卸船交付货物的提单。 3-6 Through Bills of

19、 Lading 联运提单 1.Through bills of lading cover shipment from or to ports involving （包括，涉及）transport by two or more shipping or railways （铁道，铁路）companies. 翻译：联运提单是由两个或者两个以上的海运或铁路运输公司负责货物从或者至多个港口间的运输。 注释： shipping company: 海运公司 2.The shipping company, for additional （额外的，附加的）freight, undertakes （承担，保证）t

20、o make all arrangements （安排）to get the goods to their destination. 翻译：海运公司将承担额外的运费保证货物到达目的地。 3-7 Clean versus Foul Bills of Lading 清洁提单和不清洁提单 1.Clean bill of lading 清洁提单 课文：The clean bill of lading bears an indication that the goods were received without damages（损坏 ）, irregularities （异常 ）or short sh

21、ipment, usually the words “apparent good order and condition”, “clean on board” or the like are indicated （显示，表明）on the B/L. 注释：short shipment: 短装 clean on board: 清洁已装船 翻译：清洁提单载明货物受货时无损坏，无异常或无短装现象，通常提单上注明“货物外表状态良好”，“清洁已装船”或类似的字样。 2.Foul Bills of Lading 2.Foul Bills of Lading 不清洁提单不清洁提单 课课文：文：The fou

22、l bill of lading - unclean bill of lading, dirty The foul bill of lading - unclean bill of lading, dirty bill of lading or claused bill of lading -is the opposite of the bill of lading or claused bill of lading -is the opposite of the clean bill of lading. It bears an indication that the goods were

23、clean bill of lading. It bears an indication that the goods were received with damages, irregularities or short shipment, usually received with damages, irregularities or short shipment, usually the words “unclean on board” or the like are indicated on the the words “unclean on board” or the like ar

24、e indicated on the B/L, for example, “insufficient packing”, “missing safety seal” B/L, for example, “insufficient packing”, “missing safety seal” and “one cartonand “one carton（纸箱纸箱） short”.short”. 注释：注释：opposite: opposite: 相对的，对立的，相反的相对的，对立的，相反的 insufficient packing: insufficient packing: 包装不良包装不良

25、 safety seal: safety seal: 安全封条安全封条 翻译：不翻译：不清洁提单是与清洁提单相对立的提单。提单上载明货清洁提单是与清洁提单相对立的提单。提单上载明货物受货时有损坏，有异常或短装，通常会标注物受货时有损坏，有异常或短装，通常会标注“不清洁已装船不清洁已装船”或类似的字样，比如或类似的字样，比如“包装不良包装不良”，“缺少安全封条缺少安全封条”或或“一一箱短装箱短装”等字等字样。样。历年考题分析历年考题分析 1.Which of the following terms on the B/L shows 1.Which of the following terms o

26、n the B/L shows that the bill of lading is clean B/L. (that the bill of lading is clean B/L. () ) A. insufficient packingA. insufficient packing B. one carton shortB. one carton short C. in apparent good order and conditionC. in apparent good order and condition D. missing safety sealD. missing safe

27、ty seal 答答案：案：C C 分分析：清洁提单指没有任何有关货物残损、包装不良或析：清洁提单指没有任何有关货物残损、包装不良或其他有碍于结汇的批注的提单。提单正面已印有其他有碍于结汇的批注的提单。提单正面已印有“外表外表状况明显良好状况明显良好”的词句，若承运人或其代理人在签发提的词句，若承运人或其代理人在签发提单时未加任何相反的批注，则表明承运人确认货物装船单时未加任何相反的批注，则表明承运人确认货物装船时外表状况良好的这一事实。其他三项表明提单上加注时外表状况良好的这一事实。其他三项表明提单上加注有货物及包装状况不良或存在缺陷。有货物及包装状况不良或存在缺陷。2. ( ) are t

28、hose covering shipment between direct 2. ( ) are those covering shipment between direct ports of loading and discharge. ports of loading and discharge. A. Shipped bills of ladingA. Shipped bills of lading B. Clean bills of ladingB. Clean bills of lading C. Straight bills of ladingC. Straight bills o

29、f lading D. Direct bills of ladingD. Direct bills of lading 答答案：案：D D 分分析：货物在装运港直接运到卸货港的提单是直达提析：货物在装运港直接运到卸货港的提单是直达提单单Direct bills of ladingDirect bills of lading 3.The ( ) can not be transferred to third 3.The ( ) can not be transferred to third parties.parties. A. straight B/LA. straight B/L B. di

30、rect B/LB. direct B/L C. shipped B/LC. shipped B/L D. order B/LD. order B/L 答案：答案：A A 分析：记名提单指定了收货人，是不可转让的，分析：记名提单指定了收货人，是不可转让的，也不能转让给第三方。也不能转让给第三方。 4. A foul bill of lading means that the bill of 4. A foul bill of lading means that the bill of lading is very dirty. ( ) lading is very dirty. ( ) 答答案

31、：错案：错 分分析：不清洁提单是在提单上载明对货物的不良批注，析：不清洁提单是在提单上载明对货物的不良批注，比如短装，包装不良等，并不是说提单不干比如短装，包装不良等，并不是说提单不干净。净。 5. Shipped in apparent good order and condition 5. Shipped in apparent good order and condition means that the vessel looks very good. (means that the vessel looks very good. () ) 答答案：错案：错 分分析：析：“Shipped

32、 in apparent good order and Shipped in apparent good order and condition”condition”，是指装船货物表面状况良好，并不是指船，是指装船货物表面状况良好，并不是指船舶看上去很好。舶看上去很好。Drawing up Marine Bills of Lading Drawing up Marine Bills of Lading 海运提单的起草海运提单的起草( (考试重点考试重点) ) 1-1 1-1 课文：课文：A marine bill of lading can be drawn up in A marine bi

33、ll of lading can be drawn up in a variety of ways, but it is nearly always prepareda variety of ways, but it is nearly always prepared（准备）（准备） on a pre-printed form. This form may on a pre-printed form. This form may relate to a specific or to a general cargo trade.relate to a specific or to a gener

34、al cargo trade. 注注释：释：draw up: draw up: 草拟，起草草拟，起草 variety: variety:变化，多样性，种类变化，多样性，种类 nearly: nearly: 几乎，密切地几乎，密切地 pre-printed: pre-printed: 预先印好的预先印好的 relate to: relate to:涉及涉及 翻译：翻译：一份海运提单可以以多种方式起草，但是几乎都采一份海运提单可以以多种方式起草，但是几乎都采用预定格式。这些格式可能涉及到特殊或者一般货物贸易用预定格式。这些格式可能涉及到特殊或者一般货物贸易。1-2 课文：Whatever its

35、form, a bill of lading may contain （包含 ）some main elements, such as quantity of cargo, accurate cargo description and condition, date of the bill of lading, names of shipper and consignee, ports of loading and discharging, ships name, terms and conditions of carriage and payment of freight.注释：whatev

36、er:无论怎样的，无论哪一种的 element: 要素，元素，成分 accurate:正确的，精确的 description：描述，形容 condition:状态，情形 payment of freight:运费的支付翻译：无论格式如何，提单所包含的内容大同小异，例如货物的数量，货物确切的品名和状态，提单签发的日期，托运人和收货人的名称，装货港和卸货港，船名，货物运输的条款和条件，以及运费的支付。 提单通常包括正面记载事项和背面条款两个部分，正面的事项包括： 1. 船名(Ships name) 2. 承运人(Carrier) 3. 托运人(Shipper) 4. 收货人(Consignee)

37、5. 通知方(Notify Party) 6. 装货港 (Port of Loading) 7. 卸货港 (Port of Discharging) 8. 货物的名称 (Description) 9. 标志 (Marks) 10. 包件的数量和种类(Number and kind of Packages) 11. 重量和体积 (Weight or Measurement) 12. 运费和其他费用 (Freight and other Charges) 13. 货物外表状态 (Cargos Apparent Order and Condition)1-3 1-3 课文：课文：The ships

38、port agent, in fact, may be given the taskThe ships port agent, in fact, may be given the task（任务，作业）（任务，作业） of drawing up bills of lading. If these are of drawing up bills of lading. If these are subsequently required for letter of credit subsequently required for letter of credit （信用证）（信用证）transac

39、tions, it is useful that the agent be supplied with transactions, it is useful that the agent be supplied with appropriateappropriate（适当的）（适当的） details of that letter of credit so that details of that letter of credit so that all relevant material can be included in wordingall relevant material can

40、be included in wording（措词）（措词）. .注注释：释：port agent: port agent: 港口代理港口代理 subsequently: subsequently: 后来，随后后来，随后 transaction: transaction:办理，处理，交易办理，处理，交易 useful: useful:有用的，有益的有用的，有益的 supply: supply: 提供，供给提供，供给 relevant: relevant:有关的，相应的有关的，相应的 material: material: 资料，资料，素材素材翻译：翻译：实际上，承运人可委托港口代理来制作提单。

41、如果以后的信用证交实际上，承运人可委托港口代理来制作提单。如果以后的信用证交易也需要使用提单，应给代理适当提供有关信用证的消息资料，这样在提易也需要使用提单，应给代理适当提供有关信用证的消息资料，这样在提单的措词中就可以包含所有的相关资料。单的措词中就可以包含所有的相关资料。1-4 课文：The main parties on a bill of lading are Shipper, Consignee, Notify Party and Carrier.提单上主要的当事人包括：托运人，收货人，通知方和承运人。1.托运人：课文：The shipper is the person, usual

42、ly the exporter, who sends the goods. 托运人一般为出口商，即发送货物的一方。2.收货人课文：Consignee refers to the person entitled to take delivery of the goods. 收货人是指有权接受货物的一方。3.承运人课文：Carrier is the person or company who has conclude a contract（订立合同） with the shipper for carriage of goods. 承运人即与托运人就货物运输事宜订立合同的人或公司 4. 通知方课文：

43、Notify Party（通知方） is the party that the carrier must notify when the goods arrive at the port of destination. 通知方即在货物到达目的港后需要承运人告知货物已到港的一方。1-5 课文：The carrier issues an Arrival Notice informing （通知，告知 ）the Notify Party about the cargo discharge point, number of packages（包，包裹） and other information.注释

44、：arrival notice: 到货通知 discharge point:卸货地点翻译：承运人签发货物到港通知为通知方提供有关卸货地点，包数和其他方面的信息。1-6 课文：It is important to date bills of lading correctly（恰当地，正确地）, and as per the date on which the cargo is actually loaded.注释：important:重要的，重大的 date: 注明的日期 翻译：正确注明提单的日期是很重要的，并且每个日期应为货物实际装载的日期1-7 课文：Cargo quantity and c

45、ondition should also be adequately and correctly described （描述，记述）in the bills of lading.注释：adequately: 充分地 翻译：货物的数量和状况也应当充分正确地在提单上载明。 1-8 课文：Relevant comments should be entered in either tally （理货 ）or mates receipts, and thereafter in bills of lading. 注释：relevant:有关的，相应的 comment:注释，评论，意见 enter in:

46、录入，进入 either or : 不是就是，或 thereafter:其后，从那时以后 翻译：有关的批注应当记入理货或者大副收据，并且也应在随后的提单中注明。海运提单的电子交付 (考试重点) 课文： The Bill of Lading software （软件）can also be used to create, view, e-mail, and print a formatted bill of lading. 注释：create 创作，生成，制作 view: 察看，观看 formatted:有格式的 翻译：相关提单的软件可以用于提单的制作，察看，发电子邮件，以及打印一定格式的提单。 课文: An easy-to use online bill of lading generator will save time and provide the documents instantly. 翻译：在线的电子提单不仅能够节省时间，而且可以很快提供相关单据。 课文：The electronic