饲养管理-断奶仔猪

1、PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people A Company断奶仔猪饲养管理断奶仔猪饲养管理 PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people A Company生

2、长的组分生长的组分 瘦肉的化学组成是约70%水、10%脂肪、20%蛋白质。 脂肪约含10%的水，88%的脂肪和2%的蛋白质。 猪边生长边长肥。 初生时，仔猪体内只有1%的脂肪，4周龄时增加到15%。断奶应激时脂肪储存量降低5%7%。 6月龄时脂肪量将占体重的25%。PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people A Company饲养瘦肉型猪饲养瘦肉型猪 目标是必须促使瘦肉快速增长

3、； 瘦肉的生长潜力：公猪0.6公斤、母猪0.5公斤、去势猪0.4公斤左右（每天）； 断奶后仔猪至少应该按照断奶前已有的生长速度生长； 510公斤的仔猪每日可以在自身体重的基础上增重7.5%。PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people A Company猪的最大生长速度猪的最大生长速度 在研究条件下可获得下面的生长速度： 5 公斤的猪 400克/天 10公斤的猪700克/天 20

4、公斤的猪1000克/天PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people A Company断奶后第一周增重对肥猪最终上断奶后第一周增重对肥猪最终上市体重的影响市体重的影响PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China

5、 The better pork people A Company断奶体重断奶体重 一只仔猪的体重如果在断奶体重标准以下一天，就要花费它多用3天的时间在育肥期生长，那么如果某只猪要用5天的时间才能长到断奶重标准，那么在育肥阶段则要多长15天。 现在的问题是这部分多于的生长天数比起正常的生产过程来说，饲料的费用会有多昂贵？PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people A Compa

6、ny生长快和瘦肉率高的关键因素生长快和瘦肉率高的关键因素 品种。 全程提供高质量的饲料（自由采食）。 将环境应激降低到最小程度。 将断奶应激降低到最小程度。PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people A Company决定断奶日龄的标准决定断奶日龄的标准 仔猪消化系统的成熟程度。 仔猪免疫系统的成熟程度。 使用设施的质量。 体重目标： 3周，6公斤 4周，8公斤PIC Chin

7、a The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people A Company仔猪仔猪8周龄前消化酶发育情况周龄前消化酶发育情况PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people A Company仔

8、猪体内抗体消长规律仔猪体内抗体消长规律PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people A Company需要的温度需要的温度仔猪周龄需要的温度32830182022PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China T

9、he better pork people A Company0.2560-80猪最适温度需要猪最适温度需要PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people A CompanyPIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC Ch

10、ina The better pork people A Company环境对猪生理和生产性能的影响环境对猪生理和生产性能的影响PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people A Company温度变动对断奶仔猪生产性能温度变动对断奶仔猪生产性能的影响的影响 变化的2稳定的2 平均日增重（公斤） 306344料肉比 1.451.17PIC China The better pork

11、 people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people A Company地面类型对有效温度的影响地面类型对有效温度的影响 地面类型 温度调整 稻草（10cm） +4 实板条 5 实板条（湿） 10 多孔涂层地面 +5 PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China Th

12、e better pork people A Company贼风贼风 每秒0.2米的可察觉气流将降低3 。 每秒0.5米的贼风相当于降低室温7。 使用水泥隔栏和多层覆盖来减少贼风。PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people A Company圈舍圈舍 全进全出。 防止过分拥挤。 建议每组15头猪。 清洗、干燥、消毒和预热准备。 断奶仔猪更钟情于塑料地面。 刚断奶，一头猪占用一个

13、饲槽位置，第二周，23头猪共用一个饲槽位置。PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people A Company圈舍（续）圈舍（续） 1540公斤的猪每天至少需要饮水2升。 水的流速应为每分钟250毫升。 2930度的圈舍温度(提前6小时预热)。 必要时，提供舒适的地板。 每头猪0.3平方米的占地面积。 坚固的隔栏以减少贼风。PIC China The better pork peo

14、ple PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people A Company圈舍圈舍PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people A Company断奶仔猪的营养需要断奶仔猪的营养需要 参考PIC猪的营养需要标准。 高蛋白日粮并不增加

15、腹泻次数。 注意能量和蛋白之间的按比例搭配。PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people A Company仔猪日粮的成分仔猪日粮的成分 满足猪的营养需求,换料要适时。 使用合适的饲料原料，尽可能最经济最有效地满足这些营养需求。 饲料原料的选择应考虑适口性、抗过敏和防止腹泻。PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better

16、 pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people A Company 仔猪日粮成分仔猪日粮成分断奶周龄35周5周以上蛋白含量2018成分： 小麦1524.1% 大麦15%25% 去壳燕麦粒22%25% 牛羊脂2%3% 大豆粉15%11.4% 鱼粉7% 油菜籽粉7.5% 乳清粉20%0.5% 碘盐0.51.5% 磷酸钙1.51.0% 维生素矿物质1.01.0% 合计100%100%PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better p

17、ork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people A Company3周龄断奶仔猪应用周龄断奶仔猪应用3种日粮的种日粮的生长速度生长速度-0.4-0.200.20.40.60.801234567? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?全混合日粮全混合日粮半混合日粮半混合日粮单一日粮单一日粮断奶后天数断奶后天数日增重日增重 公斤公斤PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The

18、 better pork people PIC China The better pork people A Company饲料添加剂提高断奶重的生长饲料添加剂提高断奶重的生长性能性能 抗菌素 硫酸铜 酸化物 酶 氧化锌 血粉 挤压物PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people A Company添加复合抗生素添加复合抗生素 日增重12%15% 饲料报酬提高5%6% PIC Ch

19、ina The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people A Company抗生素重复次数日增重饲料报酬四环素磺胺二四嘧啶青霉素 33322.58.5美加斯（Mecadox） 29218.68.6泰乐菌素磺胺二甲嘧啶 7617.66.8青链霉素 9514.87.4泰乐菌素 12414.86.0林肯霉素811.17.6维吉尼亚霉素9011.05.0四环素23410.86.2杆菌肽549.73.2青霉素14

20、8.02.3硝基呋喃 668.02.3猪对抗生素的反应PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people A Company在含抗生素或不含抗生素的日在含抗生素或不含抗生素的日粮中添加铜粮中添加铜 铜（毫克/公斤）02500250抗生素00日增重（克）209250254277日喂量（克）409445464491PIC China The better pork people PIC C

21、hina The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people A Company氧化锌氧化锌 减少发病率 减少死亡率 饲喂3000ppm（毫克/公斤）的锌不超过2周的时间PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people A Company饲料调味剂饲料调味剂

22、提高饲料采食量 研究效果不一致PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people A Company酶酶 降低腹泻 提高日增重 提高饲料报酬PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork

23、 people A Company酸化物酸化物 减少断奶生长滞后 减少肠胃的腹涨 帮助消化 减少肠道细菌感染PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people A Company限制饲喂限制饲喂 限制饲喂减少腹泻。 限制饲喂比腹泻本身对仔猪的刺激更大。 在实际工作中只有发生持续性的腹泻，才限制采食。PIC China The better pork people PIC China T

24、he better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people A Company采食方式对三周断奶仔猪的影采食方式对三周断奶仔猪的影响响 自由采食限饲（88）日采食量（克）389302日增重（克）225181饲料报酬1.741.68腹泻 持续162102 偶尔7142PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people PIC China The better pork people A Company断奶仔猪的饲喂程序断奶仔猪的饲喂程序1米长的米长的饲槽容纳饲槽容纳1216头仔猪头仔猪 第1天 9 00，仔猪断奶 12 0018：00，每隔2小时添加6毫米饲料，然后检查，如果吃净，添加6毫米 20 00，监测，再添加12毫米，夜里将饲槽上的灯打开。PIC China The bet