外研版必修三第四单元语言点解析

1、Language Points major （1）adj. (数量、大小、程度等数量、大小、程度等)较较大的，较多的，较大范围的；主要大的，较多的，较大范围的；主要的，重要的；严重的的，重要的；严重的（2）n. 主修科目；专业；主修某主修科目；专业；主修某专业的学生专业的学生 （3）vi. 主修主修 (常与常与in连用连用)1、a major disaster 一个主要灾害【语境展示【语境展示】 1) The major part of the audience began laughing. 大部分观众笑了起来。大部分观众笑了起来。2) The road to be completed ne

2、xt week will be a major transport line for the city. 下周要完工的这条公路将成为该城市的下周要完工的这条公路将成为该城市的主要交通线。主要交通线。3) They suffered some major setbacks during the fighting. 他们在这次战斗中遭受了严重的挫折。他们在这次战斗中遭受了严重的挫折。4). He is a history major. / His major is history. 他是主修历史的学生。他是主修历史的学生。/ 他的专业是他的专业是历史。历史。5). She majored in p

3、hilosophy when she was studying at Harvard. 在哈佛上大学时，她主修哲学。在哈佛上大学时，她主修哲学。2、Scientists have tried many ways to solve this problem and in China, a mass campaign has been started to help solve it. 科学家们已尝试过许多方法解决这个问题，在中国，一场大规模的帮助解决沙尘暴问题的行动已经开始了。 句型:(1)help sb.(to)do (2)help(to)do3、 “To have been caught i

4、n a sandstorm was a terrible experience,” he said. “遭遇沙尘暴是一种可怕的经历，” 他说。 （1）不定式的完成被动式“to have been caughtin a sandstorm”作句子的主语。 （2）be caught in 遭遇 eg.I was caught in the rain.我被雨淋了。 (3）不定式的一般形式所表示的动作，通常与主要谓语所表示的动作（状态）同时发生或是在它之后发生；假如不定式所表示的动作在谓语所表示的动作（状态）之前发生，不定式就要用完成式。 I am glad to have seen your mot

5、her.(= I am glad I have seen your mother.) I am glad to see you.比较：比较：catch up with 赶上赶上catch hold of 抓住抓住catch fire 着火着火catch sight of 看见看见 catch短语4、“There was nothing to be done. It was the most frightening and the most dangerous situation Ive ever been in. You just had to hope youd survive. I tho

6、ught I was going to disappear under the sand.”(1)There was nothing to be done. 毫无办法。 There was nothing to do. 没事可做。 (2) situation n. 位置位置,地位地位,形势形势,情况情况,处境处境这个房子的地点很好。这个房子的地点很好。The house has a fine situation.形势非常复杂。形势非常复杂。The situation was complicated.*政治局势政治局势 political situation*经济局势经济局势 economic

7、situation (3)survive vt.& vi. 活下来，幸存，保存下来活下来，幸存，保存下来 洪水过后，幸存者极少。洪水过后，幸存者极少。 Few survived after the flood.1 类似的形容词还有类似的形容词还有:exciting, interesting, disappointing, puzzling, surprising, shocking, astonishing, moving, amusing, boring, encouraging, delighting, inspiring, pleasing, tiring, worrying 等等. （

8、4）frightening 令人害怕的令人害怕的,令人恐怖的令人恐怖的frightfrightenfrighteningfrightenedfrightfuln.惊吓 v.使害怕 adj.吓人的 adv.害怕的 adj.可怕的类似的还有类似的还有:excited, interested, disappointed, puzzled, surprised, shocked, astonished, moved, amused, bored, encouraged, delighted, inspired, pleased, tired, worried等。等。2 与与frightening 对应

9、的形容词是对应的形容词是 frightened “感到害怕的感到害怕的, 感到恐惧的感到恐惧的”巩固练习巩固练习1. Mr. Smith, _ of the _ speech, started to read a novel. A. tired, boring B. tiring, bored C. tired, bored D. tiring, boring 由于由于Mr. Smith对那个对那个令人厌烦令人厌烦的演讲的演讲感到厌倦感到厌倦，他开始读起了小说。，他开始读起了小说。2. Its believed that if a book is _, it will surely _ the

10、 readers. A. interested, interest B. interesting, be interested C. interested, be interesting D. interesting, interest 人们认为要是一本书人们认为要是一本书有趣有趣的话，那么它的话，那么它肯定会肯定会使使读者读者感兴趣感兴趣。3. The headmaster is really annoyed! Look at his _ look. A. frightened B. frightening C. fright D. frighten校长真的生气了！看看他校长真的生气了！看看

11、他让人害怕让人害怕的的表情表情5、part of .的一部分 eg. He walked part of the way home with me. There is but one China and Taiwan is part of China.6、Sandstorms in China appear to have increased in recent years as a result of “desertification”. “沙漠化”导致沙尘暴近几年在中国似乎有所增加. appear vi. (1)出现、呈现、显现 (2)显得、看来、似乎 A bus appeared aro

12、und the corner. They appeared not to know what was happening. She appeared to be in her late thirties.7、This is a process that happens when land becomes desert because of climate changes and because beople cut down trees and dig up grass. 这是由于气候变化和人类砍伐树木、铲除草皮而使土地变成沙漠的一个过程。 This is a process that hap

13、pens when land becomes desert because of climate changes and because people cut down trees and dig up grass. = Because of climate changes, trees being cut down and grass being dug up, land becomes desert and desertification happens. cut down【语境展示【语境展示】1) Most of the trees are being cut down and the

14、forest is in danger of disappearing. 大部分树正在被砍倒，这个森林面临着消大部分树正在被砍倒，这个森林面临着消 失的危险。失的危险。2) We must cut down our expenses. 我们必须缩减我们的开支。我们必须缩减我们的开支。3) Youd better cut the article down to about 2,000 words.你最好能把这篇文章压缩到两千字左右。你最好能把这篇文章压缩到两千字左右。【总结归纳【总结归纳】cut down 砍倒；削减，缩减；减少砍倒；削减，缩减；减少【拓展【拓展】cut in 插话插话cut u

15、p 切碎切碎cut off 切断切断(电，气，水，电话等电，气，水，电话等)【即学即练】【即学即练】 用以上所学用以上所学cut短语的适当短语的适当 形式填空。形式填空。1. When he failed to pay this bill, the company _ his electricity.2. He always _ the pizza before he eats it.3. Its impolite to _ when other people are talking.4. _ too many trees without planting some will make the

16、 environment worse.cut offcut upcut inCutting down8. The storms sometimes continue all day and traffic moves very slowly because the thick dust makes it difficult to see. 本句中含有一个本句中含有一个make复合结构：复合结构：make + it + adj. + to do。在。在makes it difficult to see 中，中，it是形式宾语，形容词是形式宾语，形容词difficult 作宾语补足作宾语补足语语,

17、 不定式短语不定式短语to see作真正的宾语。常用于作真正的宾语。常用于这种结构的动词还有：这种结构的动词还有：think, find, believe, feel, suppose等；用作真正宾语的可以是动等；用作真正宾语的可以是动词不定式、动词词不定式、动词-ing形式和从句。形式和从句。 如：如：We found it difficult to get along with him.我们发现与他相处很难。我们发现与他相处很难。We thought it wrong wasting our time.我们认为浪费我们的时间是不对的。我们认为浪费我们的时间是不对的。He found it

18、strange that no one else had arrived.他发现奇怪的是没有其他人来。他发现奇怪的是没有其他人来。9. forecast( fore-构成名词和动词“预先”，cast “描述” forename名字 foresee 预见 foretell预言 forewarn 预先告诫 )【语境展示【语境展示】1) Experts are forecasting a fall in unemployment. 专家预测失业人数将下降。专家预测失业人数将下降。2) The report forecasts that prices will rise by 3% next mont

19、h. 报告预测下月物价将上涨报告预测下月物价将上涨3%。3) He is forecasting what the weather will be like tomorrow. 他在预测明天会是什么天气。他在预测明天会是什么天气。4) The weather forecast says it will be fine tomorrow. 天气预报说明天将是晴天。天气预报说明天将是晴天。【总结归纳【总结归纳】forecast vt. 预测预测, 预报，后可以跟名词或从句。预报，后可以跟名词或从句。n. 预报预报, 预测预测, 预料预料注意注意：forecast的过去式和过去分词有的过去式和过去分

20、词有两种形式，即两种形式，即forecast, forecast和和forecasted, forecasted。10. When a sandstorm arrives in the city, weather experts advise people not to go out. adviseadvise用作动词，表示用作动词，表示“劝告；建议；通知劝告；建议；通知”，常，常用于以下结构：用于以下结构： 建议做某事：建议做某事：advise doing sth.advise doing sth. 建议某人做某事：建议某人做某事：advise sb.to do sth.advise sb.

21、to do sth. 建议（某人）别做某事：建议（某人）别做某事： advise (sb.) against sth.advise (sb.) against sth. advice (sb.)against doing sth. advice (sb.)against doing sth. advise sb.not to do sth. advise sb.not to do sth. advise + that advise + that从句从句 从句要采用虚拟语气，即从句要采用虚拟语气，即“should + should + 动词原形动词原形” 或或“动词原形动词原形”* preven

22、tfrom doing 阻止、防止阻止、防止干干 大雨使他们不能按时到达那里。大雨使他们不能按时到达那里。 The heavy rain prevented them from getting there on time.* prevent(from) doing = stop (from) doing/keepfrom doing 疾病使他无法上学。疾病使他无法上学。 His illness kept him from going to school. Sorry to keep you waiting so long.11、to prevent it coming nearer,. 为阻止沙漠的逼近为阻止沙漠的逼近.课文短语翻译课文短语翻译一个接一个的一个接一个的突然遭遇突然遭遇照料照料, 照看照看建议某人干某事建议某人干某事几个世纪以来几个世纪以来的结果的结果one after another be caught in look after advise sb. to do sth as a result of for centuries 苏