语言学选择题练习

1、语言学选择题练习川.There are four choices following each statement. Mark the choice that can best complete the statement:1. The morpheme “vision ” in the common word“televisioDn_.” is a(n) _A. bound morphemeB. bound formC. inflectional morphemeD. free morpheme2. The compound word “bookstore ” is the place wh

2、ere books are sold. This indicates that themeaning of a compound D.A. is the sum total of the meaning of its componentsB. can always be worked out by looking at the meanings of morphemesC. is the same as the meaning of a free phrase.D. None of the above.3. The part of speech of the compounds is gene

3、rally determined by the part of speech ofB_.A. the first elementB. the second elementC. either the first or the second elementD. both the first and the second elements4. _B are those that cannot be used independently but have to be combined with othermorphemes, either free or bound, to form a word.A

4、. Free morphemesB. Bound morphemesC. Bound wordsD. Words5. _C is a branch of grammar which studies the internal structure of words and therules by which words are formed.A. SyntaxB. GrammarC. MorphologyD. Morpheme6. The meaning carried by the inflectional morpheme is _C.A. lexicalB. morphemicC. gram

5、maticalD. semantic7. Bound morphemes are those that _D.A. have to be used independentlyB. can not be comb ined with other morphemesC. can either be free or boundD. have to be comb ined with other morphemes8. A modify the meaning of the stem, but usually do not cha nge the part of speech of the origi

6、 nal word.A. PrefixesB. SuffixesC. RootsD. Affixes9. Bare ofte n thought to be the smallest meanin gful un its of Ian guage by thelin guists.A. WordsB. MorphemesC. Phon emesD. Sentencesbooks ” is.10. -“” in the wordA. a derivative affixB. a stemC. an in flect ional affixD. a root11 Of all the speech

7、 orga ns, theCis/are the most flexible.A. mouthB. lipsC. ton gueD. vocal cords12. The sounds produced without the vocal cords vibrating are A sounds.A. voicelessB. voicedC. vowelD. consonan tal13. Bis a voiced alveolar stop.A. /z/B. /d/C. /k/D. /b/14. The assimilation rule assimilates one sound to a

8、nother by “ copying ” a feature of a seque ntial phon eme, thus making the two phonesD.A. ide nticalB. sameC. exactly alikeD. similar15. Si nee /p/ and /b/ are phon etically similar, occur in the same environments and they can disti nguish meaning, they are said to be A.A. in phon emic con trastB. i

9、n complementary distributionC. the alloph onesD. minimal pair16. The sound /f/ isD.A. voiced palatal affricateB. voiced alveolar stopC. voiceless velar fricativeD. voiceless labiode ntal fricative17. A _C_ vowel is one that is produced with the front part of the ton gue maintaining the highest posit

10、i on.A. backB. cen tralC. frontD. middle18. Disti nctive features can be found running over a seque nee of two or more phon emic segme nts. The phon emic features that occur above the level of the segme nts are called C_.A. phon etic comp onentsB. immediate con stitue ntsC. suprasegme ntal featuresD

11、. sema ntic features19. A(n)Dis a un it that is of dist inctive value. It is an abstract un it, a collecti on ofdisti nctive phon etic features.A. phoneB. soundC. alloph oneD. Phon eme20. The differe nt phones which can represe nt a phon eme in differe nt phon etic environments are called the _D_ of

12、 that phon eme.A. phonesB. sounds欢迎下载3C. pho nemesD. alloph ones21. If a linguistic study describes and analyzes the Ianguage people actually use, it is said to be C_.A. prescriptiveB. an alyticC. descriptive D. li nguistic22. Moder n lin guistics regards the writte n Ian guage asC.A. primary B. cor

13、rectC. sec on daryD. stable23. A historical study of Ian guage is a _Bstudy of Ian guage.A. synchronic B. diachr onicC. prescriptive D. comparative24. Accord ing to F. de Saussure,Crefers to the abstract lin guistic system shared by all themembers of a speech com muni ty.A. parole B. performa neeC.

14、la ngueD. Lan guage25. Lan guage can be used to refer to con texts removed from the immediate situatio ns of the speaker. This feature is called A ,A. displaceme ntB. duality C. flexibility D. cultural tran smissi on26. Of all the speech orga ns, the _Cis/are the most flexible.A. mouth B. lips C. to

15、n gueD. vocal cords27. The sounds produced without the vocal cords vibrat ing are A soun ds.A. voiceless B. voiced C. vowel D. consonan tal28. Since /p/ and /b/ are phonetically similar, occur in the same environments and they can disti nguish meaning, they are said to be A.A. in phon emic con trast

16、B. in compleme ntary distributi onC. the alloph onesD. mini mal pair29. A _C_ vowel isone that is produced with the front part of the tongue maintainingtheA. large B. small C. finiteD. i nfinite欢迎下载5highest positi on.C. front D. middleA. back B. central30. A(n)Dis a un it that is of dist in ctive va

17、lue. It is an abstract un it, a collect ion ofdisti nctive phon etic features.31. The morpheme “ visio n ” in the com mon word“ televisicD.” is a(n)A. bound morpheme B. bound form C. i nflectio nal morpheme D. free morpheme32. The compo und word “ bookstore ” is the place where books are sold. This

18、in dicates that themeaning of a compo undD.A. is the sum total of the meaning of its comp onentsB. can always be worked out by look ing at the meanings of morphemesC. is the same as the meaning of a free phrase.D. None of the above.33. Cis a branch of grammar which studies the in ternal structure of

19、 words and therules by which words are formed.A. Sy ntaxB. Grammar C. Morphology D. Morpheme34. The meaning carried by the in flect ional morpheme isC.A. lexical B. morphemic C. grammatical D. sema ntic35. A modify the meaning of the stem, but usually do not cha nge the part of speech ofthe origi na

20、l word.A. Prefixes B. Suffixes C. Roots D. Affixes36. A sentence is con sidered _D_ whe n it does not conform to the grammatical kno wledge inthe mind of n ative speakers.A. right B. wrong C. grammatical D. un grammatical37. Phrase structure rules have A properties.A. recursive B. grammatical C. soc

21、ial D. fun cti onal38. Phrase structure rules allow us to better un dersta ndD.A. how words and phrases form senten ces.B. what con stitutes the grammaticality of stri ngs of wordsC. how people produce and recog nize possible senten cesD. All of the above.39. Syn tactic moveme nt is dictated by rule

22、s traditi on ally called A .A. tran sformatio nal rules B. gen erative rules C. phrase structure rules D. x-bar theory40. The sentence structure isD.A. only lin earB. only hierarchical C. complex D. both lin ear and hierarchical41. The syn tactic rules of any Ian guage are _C_ in nu mber.42. TheDrul

23、es are the rules that group words and phrases to form grammatical sen-ten ces.A. lexical B. morphologicalC. li nguisticD. comb in ati onal43. “ We shall know a word by the compa ny it keeps.” This stateme nt rep res entsA. the con ceptualist view B. con texutalismC. the naming theory D. behaviourism

24、44. “ Can I borrow your bike? D ”_ You have a bike. ”A. is synonym ous with B. is incon siste nt withC. en tails D. presupposes45. B is a way in which the meaning of a word can be dissected into meaningcomp onen ts, called sema ntic features.A. Predication analysis B. Componential analysis C. Phonem

25、ic analysisD.Grammatical an alysis46. “ Alive ” and “ dead ” areC .A. gradable antonyms B. relational opposites C. complementary antonyms D. Noneof the above47. C refers to the phenomenon that words having different meanings have thesame form.A. Polysemy B. Synonymy C. Homonymy D. Hyponymy48. Words

26、that are close in meaning are calledD.A. homonyms B. polysemy C. hyp onymsD. synonyms49. Adoes not study meaning in isolatio n, but in con text.A. Pragmatics B. Sema nticsC. Sense relatio n D. Con cept50. What esse ntially dist in guishes sema ntics and pragmatics is whether in the study of meaningD

27、iscon sidered.A. reference B. speech act C. practical usageD. con text51. A sentence is aBcon cept, and the meaning of a sentence is ofte n studied inisolati on.A. pragmatic B. grammaticalC. men talD. con ceptual52. If we thi nk of a sentence as what people actually utter in the course of com muni c

28、ati on, itbecomes a(n) C.A. con stativeB. directive C. uttera neeD. expressive53. Which of the followi ng is true?BA. Uttera nces usually do not take the form of senten ces.B. Some uttera nces cannot be restored to complete senten ces.C. No uttera nces can take the form of senten ces.D. All uttera n

29、ces can be restored to complete senten ces.54. Cis the act performed by or result ing from say ing someth ing; it is thecon seque nee of, or thecha nge brought about by the uttera nee.A. A locuti onary act B. An illocuti onary actC. A perlocuti onary actD. Aperformative act55. All the acts that belo

30、ng to the same category share the same purpose, but they differC.A. in their illocutio nary acts.B. in their inten ti ons expressedC. in their stre ngth or forceD. in their effect brought about56. When any of the maxims un der the cooperative prin ciple is flouted,Dmight arise.A. impolitenessB. cont

31、radictionsC. mutual understandingD. conversationalimplicatures57. En glish Ian guage bel ongs to A.A. Indo-European Family B. Sino-Tibetan Family C. Austronesian Family D. Afroasiatic Family58. Which of the follow ing is not a desig n feature of huma n Ian guage?A. Arbitrari nessB. Displaceme nt C.

32、Duality D. Meaningfuln ess59. In moder n lin guistics, speech is regarded as more basic tha n writi ng, because.A. in linguistic evolution, speech is prior to writingB. speech plays a greater role than writing in terms of the amount of information conveyedC. speech is always the way in which every n

33、 ative speaker acquires his mother ton gueandD. All of the above60. Lan guage is said to be arbitrary because there is no logical connection betwee n mea nin gs.61. A sentence is consideredwhen it does not conform to the grammatical knowledge in themind of n ative speakers.A. rightB. wrongC. grammat

34、icalD. un grammatical62. A in the embedded clause refers to the introductory word that introduces theembedded clause.A. coord inatorB. particleC. prepositi onD. subord inator63. Phrase structure rules haveproperties.A. recursiveB. grammaticalC. socialD. functional64. Phrase structure rules allow us

35、to better un dersta nd.A. how words and phrases form senten ces.B. what con stitutes the grammaticality of stri ngs of wordsC. how people produce and recog nize possible senten cesD. All of the above.65. Syn tactic moveme nt is dictated by rules traditi on ally called.A. tran sformatio nal rulesB. g

36、en erative rulesC. phrase structure rulesD. x-bar theory66. The theory of case con diti on acco unts for the fact that.A. noun phrases appear only in subject and object positi ons.B. noun phrases can be used to modify ano ther noun phraseC. noun phrase can be used in adverbial positi onsD. noun phra

37、se can be moved to any place if n ecessary.67. The sentence structure is.A. only lin earA. senseB. soundsC. objectsD. ideas欢迎下载7B. Only hierarchicalC. complexD. both lin ear and hierarchical68. The syn tactic rules of any Ian guage arein nu mber.A. largeB. smallC. finiteD. i nfin ite69. Therules are

38、 the rules that group words and phrases to form grammatical sentences.A. lexicalB. morphologicalC. li nguisticD. comb in ati onal70. rules may cha nge the syn tactic represe ntati on of a sentence.A. Gen erativeB. Tran sformatio nalC. X-barD. Phrase structure71. The naming theory is adva need by.A. PlatoB. BloomfieldC. Geoffrey LeechD. Firth72. “ We shall know a word by the compa ny it keeps.” This stateme nt represe ntsA. the con ceptualist viewB. con texutalismC. the naming theoryD. behaviourism7