10netapp存储配置练习检查健康状态与性能

1、NetApp存储基础学习汇总(第十三部分)目 录一、检查状态及性能11.1、概述11.2、几个有用的管理命令131.3、使用statit命令151.4、执行特殊的BOOT命令17二、检查状态及性能管理192.1、检查系统19、sysconfig19、sysstat21、与优化CPU性能的options命令22一、检查状态及性能1.1、概述l 识别管理权限命令(priv admin)l 解释管理权限命令的功能l 定义一些对于管理员非常有用的普通命令命令行提供4种类型的命令用于基本的系统管理或者排错。l 普通权限的管理命令用于日常管理l 高级权限的管理命令用于特殊任务，比如系统调优、测试、统计等。

2、这种命令如果使用不当可能毁坏数据，所以推荐别在高级权限模式长时间停留。l Options类的命令l Flash启动命令在设备启动阶段可以获得普通权限的命令在命令行打问号可以获得提示，主要是为了磁盘管理、网络和系统管理、物理或者虚拟接口管理等。下面是一系列普通权限的命令：Configuration类黄色的是这一类命令一些命令解释（software、source）：tan> softwar命令用于从HTTP或HTTPS服务器下载DataONTAP软件镜像到filer,管理软件并安装或升级它们，一般是SETUP.EXE(NETAPP发布的)文件，软件下载后保存在根卷的/etc/software

3、。tan> arp a ç=将IP地址解析成MAC地址? () at (incomplete)tan> arp -n tantan (05) - no entrytan> source -v /etc/rc ç=读取和执行包含filer命令的文件、一行行执行，但是其中一行出错，并不报错，继续执行，但执行结果会有问题，文件写全路径名，因为DataONTAP没有当前路径的概念。#Auto-generated by setup Wed Mar 24 05:06:20 GMT 2010hostname tanifconf

4、ig ns0 hostname-ns0 mediatype autoroute add default 1add net default: gateway : entry already existsrouted onoptions dns.enable offoptions nis.enable offDisk Management类一些命令解释，storage命令详解：dns 显示DNS信息，控制DNS子系统tan> dns info ç=显示DNS解析器的状态DNS is disabledtan> dns flush &

5、#231;=删除DNS cache中的所有条目DNS cache flushed.storage 这个命令用来管理存储子系统中的磁盘、SCSI和光纤卡。可以enable或者disable卡，列出disk 的信息。tan> storage show adapterSlot: v0 ç= 适配器在哪个slotDescription: Fibre Channel Host Adapter v0 (Network Appliance VHA rev. 15)Firmware Rev: 42FC Node Name: d:c7b:f40500:000000FC Packet Size:

6、2112Link Data Rate: 0 GbitSRAM Parity: YesExternal GBIC: NoState: EnabledIn Use: YesRedundant: Yes ç= 是否冗余Slot: v1Description: Fibre Channel Host Adapter v1 (Network Appliance VHA rev. 15)Firmware Rev: 42FC Node Name: d:d7b:f40500:000000FC Packet Size: 2112Link Data Rate: 0 GbitSRAM Parity: Yes

7、External GBIC: NoState: EnabledIn Use: YesRedundant: Yes。tan> storage show adapter v0 ç= 指定适配器的名字，显示具体某个适配器Slot: v0Description: Fibre Channel Host Adapter v0 (Network Appliance VHA rev. 15)Firmware Rev: 42FC Node Name: d:c7b:f40500:000000FC Packet Size: 2112Link Data Rate: 0 GbitSRAM Parity:

8、 YesExternal GBIC: NoState: EnabledIn Use: YesRedundant: Yestan> storage show ç= 显示所有元件Slot: v0Description: Fibre Channel Host Adapter v0 (Network Appliance VHA rev. 15)Firmware Rev: 42FC Node Name: d:c7b:f40500:000000FC Packet Size: 2112Link Data Rate: 0 GbitSRAM Parity: YesExternal GBIC: N

9、oState: EnabledIn Use: YesRedundant: Yesstorage show hub -a <hub-name> not implemented for simulatorstorage show expander -a <expander-name> not implemented for simulatorDISK SHELF BAY SERIAL VENDOR MODEL REV- - - - - -v4.16 1 0 13740500 NETAPP VD-100MB 0042v4.17 1 1 13740501 NETAPP VD-1

10、00MB 0042v4.18 1 2 13740502 NETAPP VD-100MB 0042v5.16 1 0 10604900 NETAPP VD-500MB 0042v5.17 1 1 10604901 NETAPP VD-500MB 0042tan> storage show shelfstorage show shelf -a <shelf-name> not implemented for simulatortan> storage show tapestorage show tape | mc not implemented for simulatort

11、an> storage disable adapter v0 ç=将slot v0上的适配器disbale了，比如更换这个适配器上连接的外接SCSI设备，但此设备不能热插拔，则需要一定的操作，然后才可以更换。Thu Apr 1 04:18:41 GMT rc:notice: Taking loop attached to Fibre Channel adapter v0 offline.Host adapter v0 disable succeededtan> storage show adapter v0Slot: v0Description: Fibre Channe

12、l Host Adapter v0 (Network Appliance VHA rev. 15)Firmware Rev: 42FC Node Name: d:c7b:f40500:000000FC Packet Size: 2112Link Data Rate: 0 GbitSRAM Parity: YesExternal GBIC: NoState: DisabledIn Use: NoRedundant: Yestan> storage show disk p-p选项显示了连接到磁盘设备的首选和备份路径。比如磁盘设备可以通过A端口和B端口连接，如果两个都通，则一个是首选一个是备选

13、。PRIMARY PORT SECONDARY PORT SHELF BAY- - - - -v4.16 B 1 0 ç=我们上面把v0 disable了,则v4变成了首选路径，备份路径没了v4.17 B 1 1 v4.18 B 1 2 v5.16 B v1.16 A 1 0 v5.17 B v1.17 A 1 1 v5.18 B v1.18 A 1 2 v5.19 B v1.19 A 1 3 v5.20 B v1.20 A 1 4 v5.21 B v1.21 A 1 5 v5.22 B v1.22 A 1 6 tan> storage enable adapter v0 &#

14、231;=将v0激活后，再看，发现v0变成了首选路径，v4是备选路径Thu Apr 1 04:33:06 GMT rc:notice: Bringing loop attached to Fibre Channel adapter v0 onlineHost adapter v0 enable succeededtan> storage show disk -pPRIMARY PORT SECONDARY PORT SHELF BAY- - - - -v0.16 A v4.16 B 1 0 v0.17 A v4.17 B 1 1 v0.18 A v4.18 B 1 2 v5.16 B v

15、1.16 A 1 0 v5.17 B v1.17 A 1 1 v5.18 B v1.18 A 1 2 ç=从这可以看出来v0,v4互相备份，v5和v1互相备份df命令显示磁盘空闲空间tan> df h ç=以适合阅读的格式输出，尺寸单位自适应Filesystem total used avail capacity Mounted on/vol/vol0/ 241MB 89MB 152MB 37% /vol/vol0/tan> df -mFilesystem total used avail capacity Mounted on/vol/vol0/ 241MB

16、89MB 152MB 37% /vol/vol0/tan> df -gFilesystem total used avail capacity Mounted on/vol/vol0/ 0GB 0GB 0GB 37% /vol/vol0/tan> df -kFilesystem total used avail capacity Mounted on/vol/vol0/ 247644KB 91512KB 156132KB 37% /vol/vol0/tan> df -tFilesystem total used avail capacity Mounted on/vol/vo

17、l0/ 0TB 0TB 0TB 37% /vol/vol0/上面几个命令按不同单位显示空闲空间tan> df -r h ç=显示卷上的预留空间Filesystem total used avail reserved Mounted on/vol/vol0/ 241MB 89MB 152MB 0MB /vol/vol0/vol/vol0/.snapshot 0MB 13MB 0MB 0MB /vol/vol0/.snapshottan> df -A m ç=显示aggr的空间使用情况Aggregate total used avail capacity aggr0

18、 256MB 243MB 13MB 95% aggr0/.snapshot 13MB 12MB 0MB 95% aggr2 2137MB 0MB 2137MB 0% aggr2/.snapshot 112MB 0MB 112MB 0% System and networking Management类一些命令解释：maxfiles命令 增加卷可以拥有的文件数量tan> maxfiles vol0Volume vol0: maximum number of files is currently 19990 (6054 used).tan> maxfiles vol0 30000 &#

19、231;=增加vol0的文件数The new maximum number of files specified is more than twice as big asit needs to be, based on current usage patterns. Increasing themaximum number of files consumes disk space, and the number can neverbe decreased. Configuring a large number of inodes can also result in lessavailable

20、 memory after an upgrade, which means you might not be able torun WAFL_check.The new maximum number of files will be rounded to 29985.Are you sure you want to increase the maximum number of files? yestan> maxfiles vol0 Volume vol0: maximum number of files is currently 29985 (6053 used).tan> up

21、time ç=系统已经启动多长时间5:32am up 2:11 0 NFS ops, 0 CIFS ops, 0 HTTP ops, 0 FCP ops, 0 iSCSI opsvscan命令 控制存储上面文件的病毒扫描tan> vscan onWarning: CIFS clients will not be allowed to open files because there are no virus scanners registered with the filer. Are you sure? yesThu Apr 1 05:39:35 GMT vscan.serv

22、er.connectedNone:warning: CIFS: Virus scanning is enabled but no vscan (anti-virus)servers are connected to the filer.Thu Apr 1 05:39:35 GMT vscan.enable:info: CIFS: Virus scanning has been enabled.Virus scanning is enabled tan> vscanVirus scanning is enabled. No vscan servers are connected.List

23、of extensions to scan:001,002,386,3GR,?_,ACE,ACM,ADE,ADP,ADT,AP?,ARC,ARJ,ASA,ASD,ASP,AX?,B64,BA?,BIN,BMP,BO?,BZ?,CAB,CC?,CDR,CDX,CEO,CGI,CHM,CL?,CMD,CNV,CO?,CPL,CPT,CPY,CRT,CSC,CSS,CSV,D?B,DAT,DEV,DIF,DL?,DO?,DOC,DOT,DQY,DRV,EE?,EFV,EML,EX?,EXE,FDF,FMT,FO?,FPH,FPW,GF?,GIM,GIX,GMS,GNA,GW?,GWI,GZ?,HDI

24、,HHT,HLP,HT?,HWD,ICE,ICS,IM?,IN?,IQY,ISP,ITS,JAR,JP?,JS?,LGP,LIB,LNK,LWP,LZH,M3U,MB0,MB1,MB2,MBR,MD?,MHT,MOD,MPD,MPP,MPT,MRC,MS?,MSG,MSO,NAP,NEW,NWS,OB?,OC?,OFT,OL?,OLE,OTM,OV?,PCD,PCI,PD?,PDF,PF?,PHP,PI?,PLG,POT,PP?,PPZ,PRC,PWZ,QLB,QPW,QQY,QTC,RAR,REG,RMF,RQY,RTF,SCR,SCT,SH?,SIS,SKV,SLK,SMM,SPL,SRF

25、,SWF,SYS,TAR,TAZ,TBZ,TD0,TFT,TGZ,TLB,TSP,UNP,URL,UUU,VB?,VBS,VS?,VVV,VWP,VXD,WBK,WIZ,WMV,WP?,WRI,WRL,WRZ,WS?,X32,XL?,XML,XRF,XSL,XTP,XX?,Z0M,Z?,ZI?,ZIP,ZL?,ZZZList of extensions not to scan: Extensions-not-to-scan list is empty.Number of files scanned: 0Number of scan failures: 0Number of throttled

26、requests: 0useradmin命令 管理存储的访问控制useradmin user command argument.useradmin domainuser command argument.useradmin group command argument.useradmin role command argument.useradmin whoamiuser可以放到一个或多个group里domainuser:必须CIFS起来，通过windows域来验证。group是user和domainuser的容器，可以有一个或多个角色role一组能力（可以执行某些动作的能力）有六组内置的能力

27、： login-*, cli-*,api-*, security-*, compliance-* and filerview-readonlytan> useradmin role add tanyx -a login-*,cli-help*,cli-ifconfig* ç=新建一个roleThu Apr 1 06:57:58 GMT useradmin.added.deleted:info: The role 'tanyx' has been added.Role <tanyx> added.tan> useradmin group add

28、test -r tanyx ç=新建一个groupThu Apr 1 07:00:31 GMT useradmin.added.deleted:info: The group 'test' has been added.Group <test> added.tan> useradmin user add wangjun -g test ç=新建一个userNew password:Retype new password:User <wangjun> added.tan> Thu Apr 1 07:02:32 GMT use

29、radmin.added.deleted:info: The user 'wangjun' has been added.-试验使用这个新用户可以做什么-Data ONTAP (tan.)login: wangjunPassword: tan> Thu Apr 1 07:03:43 GMT console_login_mgr:info: wangjun logged in from consoletan> useradmin whoamiThu Apr 1 07:03:53 GMT useradmin.unauthorized.user:warning: User

30、'wangjun' denied access - missing required capability: 'cli-useradmin'Permission denied, user wangjun does not have access to useradmintan> ifconfig -ans0: flags=848043<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 ether 00:50:56:11:e6:ba (auto-100tx-fd-up)ns1: flags=8042<BROA

31、DCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 ether 00:50:56:12:e6:ba (auto-unknown-cfg_down)lo: flags=1948049<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING,MULTICAST,TCPCKSUM> mtu 9188用此命令创建的group、user与/etc/passwd、/etc/group没关系routed命令 routed是一个boot的时候启动的管理路由表的后台进程tan> routed statusRIP snooping is onGateway Metric State Tim

32、e Last Heard 1 ALIVE Thu Apr 1 03:22:03 GMT 20100 free gateway entries, 1 usedtan> routed offtan> routed on traceroute-显示到网络主机的路由清单tan> traceroute tantraceroute to tan (05), 30 hops max, 40 byte packets1 tan (05) 0.013 ms 0.070 ms 0.075 mssecureadmin-配置SSH和S

33、SL的命令.tan> secureadmin setup sshSSH Setup-Determining if SSH Setup has already been done before.noSSH server supports both ssh1.x and ssh2.0 protocols.SSH server needs two RSA keys to support ssh1.x protocol. The host key isgenerated and saved to file /etc/sshd/ssh_host_key during setup. The serv

34、erkey is re-generated every hour when SSH server is running.SSH server needs a RSA host key and a DSA host key to support ssh2.0 protocol.The host keys are generated and saved to /etc/sshd/ssh_host_rsa_key and/etc/sshd/ssh_host_dsa_key files respectively during setup.SSH Setup will now ask you for t

35、he sizes of the host and server keys. For ssh1.0 protocol, key sizes must be between 384 and 2048 bits. For ssh2.0 protocol, key sizes must be between 768 and 2048 bits. The size of the host and server keys must differ by at least 128 bits.Please enter the size of host key for ssh1.x protocol 768 :P

36、lease enter the size of server key for ssh1.x protocol 512 :Please enter the size of host keys for ssh2.0 protocol 768 :You have specified these parameters: host key size = 768 bits server key size = 512 bits host key size for ssh2.0 protocol = 768 bitsIs this correct? yes Setup will now generate th

37、e host keys. It will take a minute.After Setup is finished the SSH server will start automatically.tan> secureadmin enable ssh2tan> secureadmin statusssh2 - activessh1 - inactivessl - inactiverdate 从远程主机设置系统时间iscsi管理SCSI服务tan> iscsi startThu Apr 1 07:36:32 GMT iscsi.service.startup:info: iS

38、CSI service startupiSCSI service startedtan> iscsi statusiSCSI service is runningtan> iscsi session show No active sessionstan> iscsi ? The following commands are available; for more informationtype "iscsi help <command>"alias interface security stats connection isns session

39、 status help nodename show stop initiator portal start tpgroup fcp- Commands for managing Fibre Channel target adapters and the FCP target protocol.Logger-将信息写入系统日志文件tan> logger(Enter '.' and carriage return to end message)kkjkj.ipspace命令只有在存储有vfile license的时候才可以用environment 显示存储物理环境的信息ta

40、n> environment status Environment for channel v0 Number of shelves monitored: 1 enabled: yes Environmental failure on shelves on this channel? no Channel: v0 Shelf: 1 SES device path: local access: v4.17 Module type: LRC; monitoring is active Shelf status: normal condition SES Configuration, via

41、loop id 17 in shelf 1: logical identifier=0x0b00000000000000 vendor identification=XYRATEX product identification=DiskShelf14 product revision level=1111 Vendor-specific information: Product Serial Number: Optional Settings: 0x00 Status reads attempted: 1638; failed: 0 Control writes attempted: 18;

42、failed: 0 Shelf bays with disk devices installed: 2, 1, 0 with error: none Power Supply installed element list: 1, 2; with error: none Power Supply information by element: 1 Serial number: sim-PS12345-1 Type: <N/A> Firmware version: <N/A> 2 Serial number: sim-PS12345-2 Type: <N/A>

43、Firmware version: <N/A>tan> environment status shelftan> environment shelf_power_statustan> environment chassis fans ç=显示所有非shelf环境的情况tan> environment chassis power下面是关于partner命令的解释假设两个存储toaster1和toaster2组成一个集群。在toaster2宕掉后,toaster1接管，因为你不能再从console口toaster2键入命令, 所以必须从toaster1

44、键入命令访问toaster2.比如：决定toaster2上最大的文件数量：toaster1(takeover)> partner maxfiles ç=注意提示符Volume vol0: maximum number of files is currently 241954 (3194 used).Volume vol1: maximum number of files is currently 241954 (3195 used).下面一步步执行toaster1(takeover)> partner ç=进入partner模式toaster2/toaster1

45、> maxfilesVolume vol0: maximum number of files is currently 241954 (3194 used).Volume vol1: maximum number of files is currently 241954 (3195 used).toaster2/toaster1> partner ç=退出partner模式toaster1(takeover)>Service and protoocls类Files and diretories类Device control类1.2、几个有用的管理命令tan>

46、ifstat ns0 - print i/f, driver statistics- interface ns0 (0 hours, 10 minutes, 32 seconds) -RECEIVE Frames/second: 0 | Bytes/second: 0 | Errors/minute: 0 Discards/minute: 0 | Total frames: 221 | Total bytes: 14548 Total errors: 0 | Total discards: 0 | Multi/broadcast: 221 No buffers: 0 | Non-primary

47、 u/c: 0 | Tag drop: 0 Vlan tag drop: 0 | Vlan untag drop: 0 | Read errors: 0 TRANSMIT Frames/second: 0 | Bytes/second: 0 | Errors/minute: 0 Discards/minute: 0 | Total frames: 32 | Total bytes: 3376 Total errors: 0 | Total discards: 0 | Multi/broadcast: 32 Queue overflows: 0 | No buffers: 0 | Write errors: 0 LINK_INFO Current state: up | Up to d