情态动词精编

1、Grammar情态动词情态动词一一.can 1). 表示能力表示能力 No one can do it。2). 表许可表许可。 You can sit here.3). 表示客观可能性，表示客观可能性，“有时可能会有时可能会” Even an experienced teacher can sometimes makes mistakes. It can be pretty cold in winter.4). 表示说话人吃惊、怀疑等，用于否定、疑问、表示说话人吃惊、怀疑等，用于否定、疑问、感叹句中。感叹句中。 How can you be so careless. The story can

2、t be true. Can this be true?5). can 后跟动词原形，表示对现在后跟动词原形，表示对现在情况的否定和疑问推测情况的否定和疑问推测1. Mr Li has gone to Beijing, the man at the gate cant be him。2. The watch is not yours. Who elses can it be? 6). Can have done表示对过去的行表示对过去的行为的怀疑和不肯定，通常用在为的怀疑和不肯定，通常用在否定句否定句和和疑问句疑问句中。中。1. Can they have won the basketball

3、 match?2. It couldnt have been Mr. Green. He has gone to New York. 7). could(不用can)+have done,在肯定句中表示“本来可以而没能”，或“可能已经.吧”.1. I could have passed my exam easily, but I made too many stupid mistakes.2.You could have reported to me earlier，but you didnt.3. He didnt come last night. He could have gone ab

4、road.v8).phrases:vcannot help but do不得不做vcant help doing情不自禁做某事vcannot/cant/can never 与too连用,表示越怎么样越好;再怎么样也不过分veg:vI cannot help but resign.vShe couldnt help laughing at the news.vYou cannot pay too much attention to reading.I talked for a long time and in the end I was able to make her believe me.

5、The fire spread quickly ,but in the end everyone was able to escape.After six hours climbing,we were able to reach the top of the mountain.Was/were able to 表示做成功了某事，表示做成功了某事， manage to do / succeed in doing二二may/might的用法的用法1).表示允许表示允许,有可以的意思有可以的意思( might 比比may语气语气更加婉转更加婉转)-May I borrow your bike?-Ye

6、s ,you may.-No, you mustnt.( Youd better not.)-Might I trouble you to open the window,please?劳驾劳驾,请您把窗户打开好吗请您把窗户打开好吗?-You may indeed.(Not:You might indeed.)4 ) may/might后跟动词原形，表示对现后跟动词原形，表示对现在情况的推测。在情况的推测。may/might+have done表示对过去已发生行为的推测，意为表示对过去已发生行为的推测，意为“也也许许/或许（没有）已经或许（没有）已经”。一般只用于。一般只用于肯肯定句和否定句中

7、定句和否定句中1. He may/might be English.2. Its too late. I think he may have gone to bed.3. He may/might not have finished the work.2).表示推测表示推测,含有或许含有或许,大概或可能大概或可能(用于肯定句用于肯定句或否定句中或否定句中)We may go climbing this summer.He may not come tonight.3).may表示期望或祝愿表示期望或祝愿May your journey home safe and sound!May you b

8、oth be happy.May the New Year bring you all your heart desires.5).may/might as well 表示不妨或倒不如表示不妨或倒不如得好得好All the pubs are closing.we may as well go home.You never listenI might as well talk to a brick wall.6).may well “may well+do” 很可能很可能 ，相当于，相当于be very likely to。He may well be proud of his son. 三三s

9、hall 1.shall 用于第二、三人称陈述句中，表示说话人给对用于第二、三人称陈述句中，表示说话人给对方的命令，警告，允诺或威胁。方的命令，警告，允诺或威胁。1)You shall go with me.(命令命令)2)You shall have the book when I finish it.(允诺允诺)3)He shall be punished.(威胁威胁) 2. shall用于第一、三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求用于第一、三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见和向对方请示。对方的意见和向对方请示。4)Shall we begin our class?（征求意见）（征求意见）

10、5)When shall Mike be able to leave hospital?(请示请示)3. 表示规章、法令、预言等，可译为：表示规章、法令、预言等，可译为：“必须必须” 6). Each competitor shall wear a number , according the competition rules. 7). This law shall come into effect on May 1st.v“The interest be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sid

11、es,” declared the judge.(2004重庆卷重庆卷)vA.may B.shouldC.mustD.shallvExcuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report.vYou _ have my computer if you dont take care of it.（2004湖南卷）湖南卷）v A. shant B.might not v C. neednt D. shouldntThe room is so dirty. _we clean it? Of course（2003北京春季卷）北京春季卷）A.

12、 Will B. Shall C. Would D. Do四四should表示表示1).表示劝告和建议表示劝告和建议, She should keep your promise.2). “居然，竟然居然，竟然”。I cant believe such a gentleman should be so rude to the old.3).表推测表推测 They should have arrived so far.-When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.-They should be ready by 12

13、:00.4). should/ought to+have done用于肯定句时，表示“本该做某事而实际上没做”，用于否定句时，则表示“不该做的事反而做了”。1.You should have told him a week ago.2.You ought not to have taken the magazine out of the reading room.五五must, mustnt1.must用于肯定句中表示用于肯定句中表示“必须必须” - Must I hand in my exercises now? - Yes, you must. (No, you neednt.)2.Mus

14、t语气强烈，语气强烈，表示表示“偏偏偏偏”。Naturally, after I told her what to do, my daughter must go and do the opposite. 3.mustnt表示表示“禁止禁止” You mustnt play in the street.Must+do/be doing 可以对现在、可以对现在、现在进行的情况进行肯定的推测现在进行的情况进行肯定的推测1.Judging from his accident, he must be from the south.2.Tom bought a lot of apples. He mus

15、t like eating apples.3.It is eleven oclock at night and the lights are off. They must be sleeping now.Must +have done 表示对过去已经发生的行为进行推测，意为“想必/准是/一定作了某事”。1.It must have rained last night, for the road was very muddy. 2.He must have gone to Beijing. He must be reading, isnt he?You must do it yourself,

16、dont you?He must have gone over the article, hasnt he?It must have rained last night, didnt it?表猜测语气的反意疑问句的构成表猜测语气的反意疑问句的构成vJohn, look at the time. _ you play the piano at such a late hour? （2005全国卷I）vAMustBCanCMayDNeedvTom , you leave all your clothes on the floor like this !v Awouldnt Bmustnt Cnee

17、dnt Dmay not vIs John coming by trainHe should, but he not He likes driving his car (2002全国卷) A.must B.can C.need D.may六六Will1).表示意志或意愿表示意志或意愿I will do my best to help you.2).与第二人称连用与第二人称连用,提出婉转的请求提出婉转的请求;would更加更加婉转婉转Will you wait for a moment ?Would you please say it again?3).表示倾向或习惯性动作表示倾向或习惯性动作T

18、he door wont open.I pushed and pushed but the piano wouldnt move.七七used to 和和would的区别的区别1.在表示过去重复的习惯时，在表示过去重复的习惯时， used to可用可用would代替。代替。 He would/used to take a walk near the forest in the evening. 2.used to 强调过去的行为同现在的对比，含有强调过去的行为同现在的对比，含有“过去怎样而现在却不这样了过去怎样而现在却不这样了”的意思；而的意思；而would则单纯表示过去的习惯性动作，常和则单

19、纯表示过去的习惯性动作，常和often, every day等连用。等连用。 She isnt what she used to be. We would sit in the yard every evening and listen to his story.3.表示过去的状态，只能用表示过去的状态，只能用 used to，不可，不可用用would。例如：。例如：There used to be a park.以前这里有一个以前这里有一个公园。公园。v（1）When he was there, he go to that coffee shop at the corner after wo

20、rk every day. (96上海卷)vA. would B. should v C. had better D. might v（2）Write to me when you get home.（2001北京春季卷）v. _ vA.I must B.I should C.I will D.I can八八need的用法的用法 1.need的情态动词用法的情态动词用法 need表示表示“需要需要”或或“必要必要”之意之意,通常用在否定通常用在否定句和疑问句中句和疑问句中He neednt pay for it.-Need you go now?-Yes, I must./No, I neendt.2. need的实义动词用法的