非限制性定语从句 课件

1、一一. 使用适当的关系词填空使用适当的关系词填空1. That is the boy _ mother is a famous musician.3. The house _ they built in 1987 stayed up in the earthquake. 2. We dont know the number of people _ lost their homes in the 1906 earthquake.that / who (which /that) whose 复习限制性定语从句复习限制性定语从句Revision4. Ill never forget the day

2、_ (=_ which ) I was born.5. I visited the house _ (=_ which) Lu Xun once lived.6. The reason _(=_ which) he got worried was this.when on where in why for 对比对比2. Professor Wang has a son, who works inBeijing. 1. Professor Wang has a son who works in Beijing.王教授有一个儿子，在北京工作。王教授有一个儿子，在北京工作。 王教授有个在北京工作的儿

3、子。王教授有个在北京工作的儿子。 grammar Non-restrictive Attributive Clause非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句构成：构成：+,+关系词关系词先行词先行词She has two brothers, (who are working in the city).+其他其他部分部分My house, which I bought last year, has got a beautiful garden.我的房子有一个漂亮的花园我的房子有一个漂亮的花园, 我我是去年是去年买的买的。Jane Eyre, which I have read three times,

4、 is very interesting.很有趣，我已经读了三遍了。很有趣，我已经读了三遍了。This notebook was left by Tom, who was here a moment ago.这个笔记本是汤姆留下的，刚才他还在这个笔记本是汤姆留下的，刚才他还在这里。这里。限制性定语从句限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句功能功能形式形式修饰修饰_修饰修饰_或或_逗号与主句分开逗号与主句分开_逗号与主句分开逗号与主句分开先行词先行词先行词先行词整个主句整个主句无无有有区别区别概 念1.限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语， 如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义

5、。这种从句和主句关系十分密切， 写时不用逗号分开。2.非限制性定语从句和主句关系不是很密切，只是对先行词作些附加说明， 如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句和主句，写时往往用逗号分开。译法上译成先行词的定语“的”，通常译成主句的并列句。关系词的指代关系关系词的指代关系指人指人指物指物在定语从句中的作用在定语从句中的作用WhoWhomWhichwhose主语主语宾语宾语主语主语 宾语宾语定语定语宾语宾语指代整个主句指代整个主句As关系副词关系副词(where, when) 的指代关系的指代关系指地点指地点指时间指时间 在定语从句中的作用在定语从句中的作用WhereWhen时间状语时间状语地点状

6、语地点状语that, why不能在非限制性定语从句中使用。不能在非限制性定语从句中使用。tipAs引导非限制性定语从句常位于引导非限制性定语从句常位于句首句首, 指代指代整个的主句。常译为整个的主句。常译为“正如正像正如正像”。介词介词+which观察观察There hasnt been any news about him since he left home, which upsets me.自从他离开家后就没有他的任何消息，这自从他离开家后就没有他的任何消息，这使我很不安。使我很不安。Taiwan belongs to China，as everybody knows.As is kno

7、wn to us, Taiwan belongs to China.众所周知，台湾属于中国。众所周知，台湾属于中国。which和和as引导的非限制性定语从句的区别：引导的非限制性定语从句的区别：1.意义不同He made a long speech, as we expected. 正如我们期望的，他作了一次很长的演讲。He made a long speech, which was unexpected. 他作了一次很长的演讲，这出乎意料。总结:as译为“正如，正像正如，正像”，常在主动句中作宾语宾语，在被动句中作主语主语，如as is known to all；which代指前面整个句子，

8、译为 “这这”。2.位置不同As was reported, three people died in the accident.正如报道的，三个人死于车祸。All the people died in the accident, which shocked everyone.所有的人都死于这起事故，这让每个人都很震惊。总结:as位置灵活，可以位于句首句首，也可以位于句中句中，而which不能位于句首。aswhich位置位置意义意义可位于主句可位于主句_，_，_ _位于主句位于主句_之前之前之中之中之后之后不能不能之前之前这，那这，那正如正像正如正像总结总结As 常见表达常见表达 As we

9、all know, As is known to all, As is often the case, As is reported, As is said, As is expected, 众所周知，众所周知， 这是常有的事这是常有的事, 正如所报道的那样正如所报道的那样, 正如所说的那样正如所说的那样, 正如所预料的那样正如所预料的那样,非限制性定语从句的其他形式：非限制性定语从句的其他形式：有些非限制性定语从句可以由名词/数词/不定代词/比较级或最高级+of which/whom组成。例如：1）Our class consists of 60 students, all of whom

10、like English.2) I have a lot of friends, two-thirds of whom are girls.3) Pass me the book, the cover of which is red.小结小结限制性定语从句限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句意义上意义上从句与主句关系紧凑，从句与主句关系紧凑，从句对先行词起修饰从句对先行词起修饰限定作用，缺少从句限定作用，缺少从句会影响句意的完整。会影响句意的完整。功能上功能上结构上结构上从句与主句的关系相从句与主句的关系相对松散，从句用于补对松散，从句用于补充主句的内容和信息，充主句的内容和信息，去

11、掉从句不影响句意去掉从句不影响句意的完整。的完整。修饰先行词或整个句子修饰先行词或整个句子1.1.主句，从句之间多主句，从句之间多用逗号隔开用逗号隔开2. 2. 关系词很少可以关系词很少可以省略省略3.3.不能用不能用thatthat引导引导修饰先行词修饰先行词1.1.没有停顿，主句与没有停顿，主句与从句之间不用逗号从句之间不用逗号 2.2.关系词若作从句关系词若作从句的宾语，可省略的宾语，可省略. .3.3.可用可用that that 引导引导定语从句和各种句型的定语从句和各种句型的比较比较1.He failed in the exam, _made his parents angry.2.

12、He failed in the exam. _ made his parents angry.3.He has two sons, both of _ are teachers.4.He has two sons, and both of _ are teachers. Thiswhichwhomthem能力能力提升提升5.It was September _we first met in Wenchang.6.It was in September _we first met in Wenchang.whenthat（简单句）（简单句）（并列句）（并列句）（强调句）（强调句）7. _ we

13、 all know, China is rich in natural resources.8._ is well-known is that China is rich in natural resources.AsWhat（主语从句）（主语从句）_（表语从句）（表语从句） （1）Which makes her parents a little worried, she is poor in English.Attention注：注：which 引导非限制性定语从句不引导非限制性定语从句不能位于句首。能位于句首。She is poor in English，which makes her p

14、arents a little worried. （2） The novel, that I read last night, is very interesting. The novel, which I read last night, is very interesting.注：注：that不能引导非限制性定语从句，不能引导非限制性定语从句，做宾语时不能省略。做宾语时不能省略。（3）The reason, why he looks unhappy today, is unknown to us. The reason, for which he looks unhappy today,

15、is unknown to us.注：注：why不能引导非限制性定语从句，不能引导非限制性定语从句，做宾语时不能省略。做宾语时不能省略。（4）They have four children, the daughter of who is working in that big company now. They have four children, the daughter of whom is working in that big company now.注：注：“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”引导非限制性引导非限制性定语从句，指人时用定语从句，指人时用whom, 指物时用指物时用whic

16、h.1.(2012全国高考)That evening, _I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late.A. that B. which C. what D. when【解析】选B。考查定语从句。句意:那天晚上我一直工作到很晚，我过后会告诉你关于那晚更详细的情况。该空引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中作about的宾语,所以只能用which;that不能引导非限制性定语从句;what不能引导定语从句;when可以引导非限制性定语从句,但是在从句中只作时间状语。故选B。【高考链接】2. (2012浙江高考)Ellen w

17、as a painter of birds and of nature, _, for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society.A. which B. who C. where D. whom【解析】选B。考查定语从句。句意：艾伦是一个画鸟和自然的画家，由于某种原因，他从社会退隐了。考查非限制性定语从句，Ellen是先行词，在从句中作主语。解题时，先把插入语for some reason去掉。故选B。3. (2012福建高考)The air quality in the city,_is shown in the report, ha

18、s improved over the past two months.A. that B. it C. as D. what【解析】选C。考查定语从句。句意：正如报告所显示的,在过去的两个月里，这个城市的空气质量已有所改善。As“正如，就像”引导定语从句，先行词为air quality。A项that不能引导非限制性定语从句，B项it不能引导定语从句，D项what不能引导定语从句。4.（2011北京高考）Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others,_, of course, made all the others upset.A.who B. which C. what D. that5. （2011陕西高考）I walked up to the top of the hill