unit 6-text_A the british educational system

1、Unit 6 text A All over the world, the mention of English education suggests a picture of “ public schools”, and it suggests in particular the names of certain very famous instructions- Eton, Oxford and Cambridge; but people do not always realize what place these institutions occupy in the whole educ

2、ational system. Oxford and Cambridge are universities each having about 12,000 students out of a total of over 250,000 students at all British universities. NextupHome Eton is a public school, and the best known of the public schools, which, in spite of their name, are not really public at all, but

3、independent and private secondary schools taking boys from the age thirteen to eighteen years. The public schools in reality form a very small part of the whole system of secondary education; only about one out of forty English boys goes to a public school, and one out of 1,500 goes to Eton.NextupHo

4、me 2 Apart from the so-called public schools there is a complete system of state primary and secondary education, which resembles in general the state education in most other countries. All children must, by law, receive full-time education between the ages of five and sixteen. Any child may attend,

5、 without paying fees, a school provided by the public authorities, and the great majority attend such schools. They may continue, still without paying fees, until they are eighteen. In presenting an overall picture of English education it would be reasonable to concentrate on the state system alone

6、and refer briefly to the public schools. NextupHome However, although the public schools are not important numerically, they have been Englands most peculiar and characteristic contribution to educational methods, and they have an immense influence on the whole educational practice and on the Englis

7、h social structure. For a hundred years most men in leading positions in banking, insurance, high finance, some industries, the army, the church and conservative politics have been educated at public schools. Things are beginning to change but it will take time. Among the universities Oxford and Cam

8、bridge hold a dominate position. Of cabinet ministers who went to universities, nearly all went to one or the other of these two, and to Oxford in particular.NextupHome 3. A student who receives further full-time education after the age of eighteen, either at a university or at a teachers training c

9、ollege or at some other college giving training of a special type, can usually receive a grant from the public authorities to cover his expenses, or most of them unless his parents have a large income. But the number of young people who can enter universities is limited by the capacity of universiti

10、es, which is less than enough to take all the young people who have the basic qualifications for university admission. In practice, therefore, entry to universities is competitive. But university degree courses are also available at polytechnics, and entry to the Open University is less restricted.N

11、extupHome 4. The academic year begins after the summer holidays and is divided into three “terms”, with the intervals between them formed by the Christmas and Easter holidays. The exact dates of the holidays vary from area to area, being in general about two weeks at Christmas and Easter, plus often

12、 a week or more at Whitsun, and six weeks in the summer, beginning rather late. NextupHome Schools outside the state system decide on their own holiday dates, generally taking a month off at Christmas and Easter and eight weeks in the summer. The three terms are not everywhere called by the same nam

13、es; indeed some schools call the January-March period “ the Spring Term”, others use “Spring Term” for the period April-July. Some call the January term “Winter Term” (which is logical), others call it “ Easter Term”.NextupHome 5. Day-schools mostly work Monday to Friday only, from about 9 a.m. to b

14、etween 3 and 4 p.m. lunch is provided and parents pay for it unless they prove to the authorities that they cannot well afford to. All primary school children, including those in independent schools, were given milk free of charge until 1970 when the Government abolished this benefit.NextupHome occu

15、py: vt. 占领，占据；占用，占有；使忙碌，是占领，占据；占用，占有；使忙碌，是从事从事 n. occupation 职业职业 be occupied with 忙碌于某事忙碌于某事be occupied in doing 忙碌于做某事忙碌于做某事occupy oneself in doing 忙于做某事忙于做某事His speech occupied only three minutes.He is occupied with the repair of farm tools.The child occupied himself in playing his flute.Home bac

16、kcharge:vt. 要价，索价，要价，索价， 要人支付，收费；（常与要人支付，收费；（常与with 连用）责令，公开指责，控诉连用）责令，公开指责，控诉 vi. 要人支付，收要人支付，收费；猛冲，攻击，向前冲费；猛冲，攻击，向前冲n. 费用，价钱，索价；费用，价钱，索价； 责任，管理，照料；控诉，责任，管理，照料；控诉，指控，控告指控，控告Home Suddenly the wild animal charged at us.e.g.突然那头野兽朝我们冲过来。backgrant: vt. 同意（给予），答应（请求）；承认同意（给予），答应（请求）；承认n. （一笔）津贴，（一份）给予地土地

17、（一笔）津贴，（一份）给予地土地 我承认你说的是对的。Home 政府批准他们离开境内。e.g.校长给我们一个额外的假期。backNextThe government granted them permission to leave the country.The headmaster granted us an extra holiday.I grant what you say is correct.TTT固定短语固定短语 take for granted “认为是必然的，认为是必然的， 视视为当然为当然“。Home 你可以得到一份津贴来改善你的住房条件。you can get a gran

18、t to improve your house.e.g.Dont take it for granted that your parents pay for your schooling.e.g.你父母给你付学费，你不要视之为理所当然。Upbackcapacity: n. 能力，容量，身份能力，容量，身份He is a man of great capacity.The seating capacity of this theatre is 500.In what capacity did you say that?你是以什么身份说这话的？Home e.g.他是个很有能力的人。这家剧院可坐50

19、0人。backapart from:除除外（别无）；外（别无）； 除除外（尚有）外（尚有）He lives entirely alone, apart from the rats.Apart from her beauty, she is clever and helpful.除了美貌之外，他还很聪敏，乐于助人。Home e.g.他孑然独处，只有老鼠同他做伴。backtake off: 脱下；拿掉；（飞机等）起飞脱下；拿掉；（飞机等）起飞Please take off your coat after coming into the room.The wind took off as much

20、as three inches of snow overnight.The plane for Paris takes off at 7:00 am.飞巴黎的航班早7点起飞。Home e.g.进屋后请脱下外套。风一夜间刮走了足足3英寸厚的积雪。backsuggest: v. 1.sth (to sb) 建议，提议；建议，提议； that2.sb/sth (for sth)/ sb/sth (as sth)推荐，举荐推荐，举荐May I suggest a White wine with this dish to you。Who would you suggest for the job?She

21、 suggested Paris as a good place for the conference.吃这道菜，我提议您喝这种白葡萄酒。她举荐说，巴黎是举行这次会议的理想地点。Home e.g.e.g.要你说，谁适合做这个工作？backNext3.sth (to sb) 使想到，使认为，表明使想到，使认为，表明照你看，这些结果说明什么呢？Home e.g.What do these results suggest to you?Upbackin particular:尤其，格外，特别尤其，格外，特别He loves science fiction in particular.他特别喜欢科幻小

22、说。Home e.g.backout of a total of :从（某个数目或集）中从（某个数目或集）中You scored six out of ten.Two out of three people think the President should resign.总分十分，你得了六分。有三分之二得人认为总统应当辞职。Home e.g.backin spite of (idiom): 尽管，不管尽管，不管In spite of his age, he still leads an active life.They went swimming in spite of all the d

23、anger signs.尽管年事已高，他仍然过着忙碌得生活。他们无视那些危险水域得告示牌，还是去游泳了。Home e.g.backresemble： v. （没有被动语态，不用于进行时态）看起来像，显得像She closely resemble her sister.So many hotels resemble each other.The plant resemble grass in appearance.她和她姐姐很像。许多酒店看上去都差不多。这种植物的外形很像草。Home e.g.backpeculiar: 1)怪异的，奇怪的，不寻常得怪异的，奇怪的，不寻常得2)to (sb/sth

24、) (某人，某地，某种情况等）特有得，某人，某地，某种情况等）特有得， 特殊的特殊的a peculiar smell/tastea species of birds peculiar to Asia.He has his own peculiar style which youll soon get used to.奇怪得气味，味道他有自己独特的风格，你会很快习惯的。Home 亚洲独有的鸟类。e.g.e.g.backcover: v.足够支付足够支付$100 should cover your expenses.100美元足够支付你的费用了。Home e.g.backentry to :进入（

25、指权利等）进入（指权利等）Entry to the museum is free.这所博物馆供免费参观。Home e.g.backvary： v. 1. (in sth) （在一组类似的事物中），在（在一组类似的事物中），在（大小，形状等）相异，不同，有别（大小，形状等）相异，不同，有别various/ varied variety2.(with sth)/(from sth to sth)/ (between A and B) （根据情况）变化，变更，改变（根据情况）变化，变更，改变The students work varies considerably in quality.学生作业的质

26、量甚是参差不齐。Prices vary according to the type of your room required.价格随所需要的户型而变化。Home e.g.e.g.backafford: (通常与通常与can, could ,或或be able to 连用，有连用，有用于否定句或疑问句）买得起，有时间做，能做用于否定句或疑问句）买得起，有时间做，能做 vt.有时也用作有时也用作 vi. toCan we afford a new car?We cant afford to go abroad this summer.我们买得起一辆新车吗？今年夏天我们没有足够的钱去外国。Home

27、 e.g.backl_have I seen a better performance. A. Everywhere B. Nowhere else C. Everywhere else D. Nowhere lNowhere else in the world _cheaper tailoring than in Hong Kong. Aa tourist can find Bcan a tourist find Ca tourist will find Da tourist has found 第一题选第一题选B 二题也选二题也选B 你根据这你根据这2题中的比较级就知道这应该选题中的比较级

28、就知道这应该选nowhere else. 意思是说意思是说,没有地方比这更好的或者更差的没有地方比这更好的或者更差的. 而而nowhere (副副) 无处无处, 到处都无到处都无 (名名) 没有什麼地方没有什麼地方; 任何地方任何地方; 不知名的地方不知名的地方; 乌有乌有. Home other及其变化形式在初中教材中多次出现，而且它及其变化形式在初中教材中多次出现，而且它的变化形式很多，有以下几种：的变化形式很多，有以下几种：the other, others, the others, another 等。它们的用法现归纳如下；等。它们的用法现归纳如下； 1.other可作形容词或代词，做

29、形容词时，意思是可作形容词或代词，做形容词时，意思是“别的，其他别的，其他”，泛指，泛指“其他的（人或物）其他的（人或物）”。如：如： Do you have any other question(s)? 你还有其他问题吗？你还有其他问题吗？ Ask some other people. 问问别人吧！问问别人吧！ Put it in your other hand. 把它放在你另一只手里。把它放在你另一只手里。 Home backNext2.the other指两个人或物中的一个时，只能用指两个人或物中的一个时，只能用the other，不能用，不能用another，此时的，此时的other作

30、代词。作代词。如：如： He has two daughters. One is a nurse, the other is a worker. 他有两个女儿，一个是护士，另一个是工人。他有两个女儿，一个是护士，另一个是工人。 the other后可加单数名词，也可加复数名词，此时后可加单数名词，也可加复数名词，此时的的other作形容词。作形容词。如：如： On the other side of the street，there is a tall tree. 在街道的另一边，有一棵大树。在街道的另一边，有一棵大树。 Home backNextUpMary is much taller than the other girls. 玛丽比其他的女孩高得多。玛丽比其他的女孩高得多。 He lives on