必修二M5 语言点

1、Module 5 Newspapers and MagazinesLanguage points1.(1) congratulations n. 恭喜，祝贺恭喜，祝贺(常常用复数用复数)“在在方面的祝贺方面的祝贺”常用介词常用介词on。congratulations to sb on sth 为某事向某人为某事向某人表示祝贺表示祝贺I offer you congratulations on the New Year. Congratulations to you on your success. (2) congratulate vt. congratulate sb. on /upon s

2、th. “为某事向某人祝贺为某事向某人祝贺”I congratulate you on your success.He congratulated us on getting married.congratulate oneself on “暗自庆幸暗自庆幸”I heartily congratulate myself on having chosen a good woman to be my wife.(3)辨析：辨析：celebrate 和和congratulate celebrate表示表示“举行举行(仪式仪式),庆祝庆祝(胜利等胜利等), 后面多为节日后面多为节日sth；congra

3、tulate则强调则强调“道喜，道贺道喜，道贺”， 后面多为后面多为sb.或或on sth.。I congratulated my girl friend on her birthday. 我向女友祝贺生日。我向女友祝贺生日。I celebrated her birthday. 我庆祝她的生日。我庆祝她的生日。2aboard adv. & prep. 在船在船(飞机、车飞机、车)上；上； 上船（飞机、车）上船（飞机、车）.After we went aboard, the plane took off immediately.我们一上飞机，飞机就起飞了。我们一上飞机，飞机就起飞了。go

4、 aboard the plane/ship 登机登机/上船上船All aboard! (对乘客对乘客)各位各位,请上船请上船(火车或飞机火车或飞机)!He was already aboard the plane.他已上飞机了。他已上飞机了。3. history : n in history in the history of historic : adj historical: adj He was an important figure in history. There many events in the history of the Qing Dynysty. This is a

5、historical novel. The meeting is historic.4”Welcome to space,” he said.welcome 1) interj. 欢迎光临欢迎光临Welcome home / back.Welcome to Beijing.2) vt. （welcomed, welcomed）“欢迎欢迎”welcome sb. to some place（欢迎某人来某个地方），（欢迎某人来某个地方），不能用为不能用为welcome sb. to do sth.（欢迎某人干某事）。（欢迎某人干某事）。She welcomed the visitors warml

6、y.她热情地欢迎来访者。她热情地欢迎来访者。翻译：欢迎您来我校参观。翻译：欢迎您来我校参观。Welcome you to our school. （）Welcome you to come to our school. （）3) adj. 表示表示“受欢迎的受欢迎的”，作定语或作表语，作定语或作表语， be welcome to sth./ to do sth. “可随意取用某物或做某事可随意取用某物或做某事”。You are welcome to the use of my money at any time. 欢迎你任何时候用我的钱。欢迎你任何时候用我的钱。注意：注意：You are we

7、lcome! 常用来回答常用来回答 Thank you very much !表示表示“别客气；没关系别客气；没关系”。4) n.欢迎，款待欢迎，款待We received a warm welcome.They gave me a cold welcome. 5. replace vt (1)取代，代替，更换取代，代替，更换 replace sb/sth with/by sb/sth (2)把把放回原处放回原处 (1)Can anything replace a mothers love? Its cold. You must replace the broken window with a

8、 new one. Teachers will never be replaced with/by computers in the classroom. (2)She replaced the book on the shelf. 拓展：拓展：take ones place=take the place of sb/sth=replace sb/sth 代替某人代替某人/物物 In place of=in ones place =instead of代替代替 She couldnt attend the meeting so her assistant took her place. Not

9、hing could take the place of the family he had lost. The chairman was ill so his deputy spoke in his place/in the place of him. 6.比较比较 historical historic(1) historical adj “历史上的，与历史有关历史上的，与历史有关的的” This is a historical novel.(2) historic adj“有历史意义的，有历史有历史意义的，有历史性的性的” Many historic buildings were des

10、troyed in the earthquake.7.achieve vt. (achieved, achieved, achieving) 达到（目的）；取得（胜利）；完成达到（目的）；取得（胜利）；完成 achievement n.成就成就, 功绩功绩make an achievement in 在在取得成就取得成就He hopes to achieve all his aims soon.他希望尽快他希望尽快达到达到所有目标。所有目标。The university has achieved all its goals this year. 这个大学今年已经这个大学今年已经实现实现了所有的

11、奋斗目标了所有的奋斗目标。Maurice has achieved his hope of becoming a doctor. 莫里斯莫里斯实现实现了成为一名医生的愿望。了成为一名医生的愿望。8. wish sb sth. 表示祝愿表示祝愿 I wish you a Happy New Year! wish to do sth. 希望做某事希望做某事 wish sb to do sth。希望某人去做某事。希望某人去做某事 wish +that-clause 希望希望 wish +that-clause 希望希望 wish 后的从句，表示现在无法实现的后的从句，表示现在无法实现的愿望时，从句谓

12、语用一般过去时愿望时，从句谓语用一般过去时.表示表示与过去事实相反的愿望时，从句谓语与过去事实相反的愿望时，从句谓语had done.表示将来无法实现的愿望时表示将来无法实现的愿望时，从句谓语用，从句谓语用could/would/should +do.I wish I were a bird now.I wish she hadnt left yesterday. 短语1.divide into 把整体划分为部分把整体划分为部分 separatefrom 把不同的个体分开把不同的个体分开 Our class is divided into four groups. Please separat

13、e good apples from bad ones.2. work on (1)从事从事，致力于，致力于The writer is working on a new book.(2)对对有影响，起作用有影响，起作用Can you work on her and let her change her mind?work out 算出算出,解决解决Its hard to work out so many questions in ten minutes.work as 担任担任角色角色Ye Xiaogang works as director of the orchestra.3. addto

14、把把 加入到加入到 add to 增加，增添增加，增添 add up to 总共，总计总共，总计 add that 补充说补充说 What he did has added to our difficulties. I should like to add that we are sorry for the accident.4. In total , these astronauts have spent more than 26,000 days in space.in total共计，总计共计，总计(in all)In total, therere no more than 300 su

15、ch monkeys in the world.这种猴子在全世界上总计也不过这种猴子在全世界上总计也不过300来只。来只。We have learned 2000 English words in total so far. 迄今为止我们总共学了迄今为止我们总共学了2000个单词。个单词。5. When Yang took off from Jiuquan in northwest China at 9 am yesterday, China became the third nation to send a man into space. take off 起飞起飞/脱掉脱掉/事业腾飞事业腾

16、飞/休假休假e.g. He took two weeks off in August.他在八月份休假了两个星期。他在八月份休假了两个星期。e.g. This was the moment when his career really took off.这就是斯比尔伯格事业腾飞的时机。这就是斯比尔伯格事业腾飞的时机。 take的其他短语：的其他短语：take in 收留收留/欺骗欺骗/吸收吸收I was taken in by her story.take over 接管接管The young man took over the company from his company.take up

17、开始从事开始从事/ 占有占有 She took up painting after retirement. The piano takes up too much space. to send a man into space 是动词不定式做定是动词不定式做定语语 当修饰被序数词限定的名词时，用动词不当修饰被序数词限定的名词时，用动词不定式而不用分词做定语。定式而不用分词做定语。e.g. He is usually the first person to arrive at the school every day.e.g. Ill be the last person to play car

18、ds if someone asks us to.5. Yang is the 438th person to travel in space, including astronauts from 32 countries.including 包括包括/包含包含可以认为是动词的分词形式，也可以认为是介可以认为是动词的分词形式，也可以认为是介词。词。e.g. The house has five rooms, including the kitchen.included 过去分词作后置定语过去分词作后置定语,表被动表被动 .e.g. They will go to Tianjin, me included! =They will