上课(中考考点：现在完成时)最终稿

1、made by Miss Weng中考考点：现在完成时 2016杭州中考或将取消语法单选题，那是不是意味着语法可以被忽视呢？ 我个人觉得当然不是，因为从各地中考改革题型最早取消语法单选的广州等城市来看，命题组之后将语法单选改为了段落的语法题，即在一个段落、篇章里考验考生对语法的掌握。内容上包括单词、短语、句型等。在能力上则更侧重类似完型中的上下文联系能力，阅读中的逻辑推断能力等。因此中考语法从原来的单一地只考语法更加入了段落语境这一因素。 因而，我认为，在语法讲授课上，尤其是新授课上，更需要结合段落语境乃至篇章语境来讲解，摆脱空洞地讲解语法知识，让段落、篇章作为语法讲解的载体。从学生理解的效果

2、上来讲，这样的效果也往往更好。以下我就以新概念1册第83课来讲解现在完成时。中考背景中考考点：中考考点：现在完成时现在完成时一、教学目标：（注：4-7为高频考点）1、能根据课文理解现在完成时的含义、掌握现在完成时的基本结构2、掌握动词过去分词3、掌握现完陈述句、疑问句、否定句的用法。（注：第一节课就完成并辅以大量练习）4、掌握现在完成时的标志词5、延续性动词和非延续性动词的用法，6、与一般过去时的区别7、现完的三种特殊形式have gone to, have been to, have been in 的区别。present(now)futurepast 现在完成时现在完成时( present

3、 perfect tense)do my homework 中考考点：中考考点：现在完成时现在完成时 课文注释1：现在完成时的含义： 1、表示过去发生的或已经完成的某一动作对现在所造成的影响。如：文中SAMSAM在在12:3012:30已经吃过中饭了，已经吃过中饭了，现在不用了。因为现在不用了。因为SAMSAM在中饭后刚喝过咖啡，所以不在中饭后刚喝过咖啡，所以不喝了。）喝了。） 2、表示动作或状态在过去已经开始，持续到现在，也许还要持续下去，常和for+时间段或since+时间点连用，多为延续性动词。如： We have lived here since 2000.中考考点：中考考点：现在完成

4、时现在完成时 现在完成时构成： 基本结构：主语+have/has+done(动词过去分词) eg: I have already had lunch. 这里的have是助动词，没有含义。had 是动词have的过去分词形式。 eg: You have already had lunch. (第二人称） eg: He/She/Sue has already had lunch.（第三人称）中考考点：中考考点：现在完成时现在完成时 3、操练： 1、我们知道中考的语法点讲授比较枯燥乏味，所以如果是班课，可以适当加入一些游戏：个别操练：比如操练环节击鼓传花，音乐停止时球在谁手上，就让谁用现在完成时造句

5、（前提学生已掌握动词过去分词形式,或可以让学生提前背不规则动词表）双人操练：叠叠高中考考点：中考考点：现在完成时现在完成时 初中不规则动词：（见附件初中不规则动词表）中考考点：中考考点：现在完成时现在完成时 标志词：already已经（肯定句）yet 已经（否）just 刚step1:回忆文中句子（学生想不起来时教师可适当用中文提醒）I Iveve had had lunch. lunch.I Iveve hadhad a cup, thank you. a cup, thank you. I Iveve hadhad my holiday this year. my holiday this

6、 year.step2: step2: 让学生结合自己实际造句（可以是学习、某让学生结合自己实际造句（可以是学习、某项爱好等）项爱好等）Exercise：1.They have already had lunch.(1.They have already had lunch.(改为一般疑问句改为一般疑问句) ) Have they had lunch yet ?Have they had lunch yet ?2.I have stayed in Beijing2.I have stayed in Beijing for twenty years for twenty years.( .(就划

7、线部分提问就划线部分提问) ) How long have you How long have you stayed in Beijingstayed in Beijing ? ?3.Lily and Lisa have heard the news.(3.Lily and Lisa have heard the news.(改为否定句改为否定句) )Lily and Lisa havent heard the news.Lily and Lisa havent heard the news.4.We 4.We have painted the roomhave painted the roo

8、m for 8 hours.( for 8 hours.(就划线部分提问就划线部分提问) )What have you done for 8 hours?What have you done for 8 hours?5.never,been,Turkey,the ,engineers ,have ,to ,before(5.never,been,Turkey,the ,engineers ,have ,to ,before(连词成句连词成句) )The engineers have never been to Turkey before.The engineers have never bee

9、n to Turkey before.现在完成时现在完成时VSVS一般过去时一般过去时现在完成时和一般过去时的区别：1）现在完成时强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响对现在造成的影响，而一般过去时不强调过去的动作与现在的关系。如：I have lost my pen.（强调我现在没有笔） I lost my pen.（过去笔丢了，没说明现在是否有笔）2）现在完成时不可和明确表过去的时间状语连用不可和明确表过去的时间状语连用，但一般过去时可以，如yesterday, last week, three days ago, just now等。中考考点：中考考点：现在完成时现在完成时Sam got s

10、ick two days ago . Sam has been sick for two days. Sherry got her drivers license (执照执照) in 1999. Sherry has had her drivers license since(自从自从) 1999. Arnold started to play tennis in Jan. Arnold has played tennis since Jan. Maggie moved to Hawaii in 1996. Maggie has lived in Hawaii for about 8 year

11、s. 2022-5-24 现在完成时的现在完成时的时间状语时间状语 already 已经已经 yet 还还 ever 曾经 never从不从不 just刚刚刚刚 for+一段时间一段时间 since+时间点时间点 since+2006 since+2006 自从自从20062006年起、年起、since +since +时间段时间段+ago+ago since two years ago since two years ago 中考考点：中考考点：现在完成时现在完成时2022-5-24 现在完成时态特殊形式: have /has been to have /has been to 曾经去过某地

12、回来了曾经去过某地回来了 have /has gone to have /has gone to 去过某地还没回来去过某地还没回来 have /has been in have /has been in 一直待在某地一直待在某地中考考点：中考考点：现在完成时现在完成时特殊形式的举例： Jim has gone to London with his family. 吉姆已和他的家人去了伦敦。 Have you been to Beijing before? 你以前去过北京吗？ The Greens have been in China for two years. 格林一家在中国已经两年了。Le

13、arning more about present perfect tense.1 A: Where is your father? Steve? B: Oh, he has gone to Shanghai for a meeting.The person is not here.2 A: Where have you been these days, Tom? B: I have been to Tibet. A: Oh, really? Was it great fun? B: Yes, very exciting.The person has come back and he is h

14、ere. I have never been to London before.She has been to China many times. have been to swh. : 曾经去过某地，已经回来has gone to swh. :某人去了某地，还没有回来用have/has been to, have/has gone to填空：1.Where is your brother? He _ the shop. Hell be back soon.2. _ you ever _ to America? Yes, I _ New York twice.3. Here you are a

15、t last! Where _ you _? I _ London.4. David _ Australia. Im sure hes already arrived.5. Is Benny here? No, he _ the school library. He left five minutes ago.has gone toHave been tohave been tohave beenhave been tohas gone tohas gone to 瞬间动词及延续性动词在现完中的使用：现在完成时可以和带有since或for等表“一段时间”的状语连用,表示动作或状态从某一时刻开始

16、，一直持续到现在。但是，像come,arrive,buy,leave等瞬间动词不能与表示“一段时间”的状语连用。要用必须改为“be+副词”的形式或改成延续性动词来表述。 eg: A: Wheres your father? B: He has gone to Shanghai. A: How long has he been away? B: Hes been away for two weeks.中考考点：中考考点：现在完成时现在完成时 eg: 我买这辆车已经有两年了。 I have already bought this car for 2years() I have already ha

17、d this car for 2years() 这本书我才借了一天，还没看完。 I have borrowed this book for1 day so I havent finished yet.() I have kept this book for1 day so I havent finished yet.()中考考点：中考考点：现在完成时现在完成时实义动词分为: 1) 瞬间动词 2)延续动词 瞬间动词瞬间动词joinbegin/startborrowfinish/endarrive/comeleavediebuy注意注意: 瞬间动词不能和瞬间动词不能和时间段时间段连用连用. met

18、hod 1: 动作动作状态状态die be over leaveborrow/buy arrive begin end/finish join marrykeep/had be away be here be on(上演） be married be in be dead1. 他的爷爷已经去世2年了。 2. Nick 参军3年了.3. 他离开深圳好长时间了。4. 这本书我已借了4个月了. His grandpa has been dead for 2 years. Nick has been in the army for 3 years. He has been away from Shen

19、zhen for a long time. I have had/kept the book for 4 months. method 2: It is + 时间段 since +一般过去时的句子.1.他的爷爷已经去世2年了。 2. Nick 参军3年了.3. 他离开深圳好长时间了。4. 这本书我已借了4个月了. It is 2 years since his grandpa died. It is 3 years since Nick joined the army. It is a long time since he left Shenzhen. It is 4 months since

20、 I borrowed the book . 1.The English professor arrived here about a week ago The English professor _ _ here for about a week .2.Her husband started to work on the farm three hours ago . Her husband _ _ on the farm for three hours .3.The French musician came to China last month , and he is still here

21、 . The French musician _ _ _ China for a month .4.He joined the army in 1985 . He _ _ _ the army _ 1985 .5.He joined the League half a year ago . He has been a League _ _ half a year . 改写句子，使原句的意思不变，每空一词。has beenhas workedhas been in has been in sincemember for forfor与与sincesince专项解析专项解析 现在完成时还可以描述发

22、生在过去且一直延续到现在的动作，这种动作甚至有可能延续下去。在这种情况下，它一般与 for+for+时间段、时间段、since+since+时间点时间点 连用。连用。 用 since或 for1) We have learned five lessons _ the beginning of this term.2) Mrs Liao has been in hospital _last week.3) I have stayed at my aunts _two weeks.sincesincefor用for或since完成下列句子。1. Jill is in Ireland now. She arrived there three days ago. She has been there for three days.2.Jack is here. He arrived here on Tuesday.He has _3. I know Sue. I first met Sue two yea