大学英语综合教程第三册课件unit1

1、How did you spend your holiday this year?Housework: cleaning; cooking; laundry; pets; indoor flowers caring Farm work: rice harvest; plough the field vegetable/tree planting irrigate; fertilize spray chemicals Study: go to library; training classes; classic literature reading Internet surfing: chat;

2、 gaming; e-mails collect information; musicTravel : go outing; scenic spots; budget traveling(自助旅游) group traveling sightseeing; international travelPart-time job: tutor; attendant/waiter/tourist guide/worker sales promotion; program design internship(见习) Unit 1 Changes in the Way we LiveBrainstormi

3、ng When seasons change,_ change(s) too.Brainstorming When age changes, _ change(s) too.Possible Answers appearanceappearance temper temper height/ weight height/ weight friends friends temperament temperament dreams dreams experience experience hobbies hobbiesBrainstormingWhen you change husband/wif

4、e,_ change(s) too.Possible AnswersAttitudeAttitudeAddressAddressFeeling Feeling FamilyFamilyIdentityIdentityEconomic conditionEconomic conditionParents-in-lawParents-in-law climateWeightDietHairstylePre-reading tasksDiscussion1: 1.Whats your attitude towards changes in your life? Do you welcome them

5、, hate them, or dread them?2.Are you content with your current life? Is there anything you want to change?Pre-reading tasks Americans might be a nation most used tochanges who believe no one stands still. If you arenot moving ahead, youre falling behind. Traditions can be a guide, but not necessaril

6、ysuperior. Better and better ways can be found.Life is in constant change. Its neither the strongest nor the mostintelligent of a species that will survive, it is thosewho are most adaptable to changes. This pursuit of perfection leads toAmericans positive attitude towards change andresults in a nat

7、ion of people committed toresearching, experimenting, and exploring. American Attitudes Towards ChangesKeywords: working opportunities; chances to change life; better income; techniques and working skills;New ideas are welcomedUnit 1Pre-reading tasksDiscussion2: 1. Why are tourists willing to pay to

8、 spend a day in a farmers house? Many people associate the countryside with peace and relaxation.2. Why do so many migrant workers move from the country to the city? 3. Why do city people buy apartments or houses in the suburbs, even in the countryside? People change their places of living because t

9、hey look for things that their previous life is unable to providePre-reading tasks City life vs. Country lifeEnjoy Pictures of City LifeEnjoy Pictures of CountrysideBeautiful countrysideBeautiful countrysideBeautiful countrysideCity AttractionsConvenient Better opportunities in fortransportation edu

10、cationshopping employmentaccommodation information exchange Developed Variouspublic facilities entertainmentsmedical care material choices City ProblemsOverpopulationPollution (water, air, light, soil, etc.)Higher crime rateTraffic jamHousingCity lacksCountry Attractionsv Beautiful sceneryv Clean en

11、vironmentv Green dietv Peacev Inner contentmentv Slow pace of lifeCountry ProblemsInconvenient few opportunities in fortransport educationshopping employmentaccommodation information exchange underdeveloped fewpublic facilities entertainmentmedical care material choices City LifeAdvantages:Higher li

12、ving standardConvenient transportationHealth careBetter educationMore job opportunitiesentertainmentDisadvantagesOverpopulationAir pollutionNoiseHeavy trafficHigh crime rateFierce competition and stressIndifference in interpersonal relationship Country LifeAdvantages: Fresh air Healthy food Self-suf

13、ficiency Peaceful life More leisure time less pressure Closer personal relationshipDisadvantages: Remote & backward Underdeveloped Inconvenience in life Not well-informed of the outside world Hard manual labor Low incomePreview Check 1.What are the two things that the writer has always wanted to do?

14、(Para.1)vWrite and live on a farm2.Is life in the country easy for the writer and his family?(Para.4)vNo. The life in the country can get pretty tough. 3. What decision did the writer make in the following year?(Para.8)vHe decided to quit his job and start to freelance. 4. How do the writer and his

15、family manage to live on a comparatively low income in the country?(Para.11)Preview Check By cutting back without appreciably lowering our standard of living. 5. What does the writer think are the special qualities necessary for leading a life the way they do?(Para.12&13)vOne is a tolerance for soli

16、tude. The other requirement is energy. 6. How does the writer think he and his family will feel when they have to leave the farm someday?(Para.14)vWell leave with a feeling of sorrow but also with a sense of pride. 7. What did the writer and his family choose to live in the country for?(Para.15)vWe

17、came because we wanted to improve the quality of our lives. Text Organization Part One : paras 1-3 Part Two: Paras 4-7 Part Three: Paras 8-11 Part Four: Paras 12-15Part I The writer views his life in the country as a _ and _ one.Part II Life in the country is _ but yet sometimes very _.Part III Afte

18、r _ , the writers income was _ ,but he and his family can manage to get by.Part IV A tolerance for _ and a lot of _ have made it possible for the family to enjoy their life in the county.self-reliantsatisfyinggoodhardquitting his jobreducedsolitudeenergyText Organization2 thingsfrustrationwrite& liv

19、e on a farmcontentmentReasonsmy lifeself-reliantsatisfying read Par. 2 and 3 and find out what happiness they got when living on a farm? 1. canoe 2. picnic 3. bicycle rides 4. ski 5. skate 6. sunset 7. smell of earth warmth 8. sound of the cattle lowing 9. watch for hawks and deer self-reliant self-

20、reliant grow hens keepin; sell bees provide with Cut make it throughIn the summersatisfyingsatisfyingIn the wintersatisfyingsatisfyingget excitedWe love the smell/soundwatch for 1. canoe 2. picnic 3. bicycle rides 4. ski and skate 5. sunset 中国的农民的生活 plant or grow sth harvest sth dinner TV chat play

21、cards or Majiang their life is laborious and dull and low-income Par. 1 1. I am not in E. B. Whites class as a writer or in my neighbors league as a farmer, but I am getting by. class: low class middle class (social class / level) high class -I am not a famous writer as E.B. White, and not a real fa

22、rmer as my neighbor who joined a farmer league, but I managed to be both.-I tried my best to live a life as a writer and live a life as a farmer, although neither is typical. Part II.(Para.4-7): life in the country is good but yet sometimes very hard. Life in the country is hard, Because of vToo man

23、y choresvHarsh natural conditionsToo many chores 1. 3 months ago, _ firewood up the river on a sled. 2. 3 months from now, we will be _ corn, _ strawberries and killing chickens. 3. Recently, Sally and I had to _ the back roof 4. Soon, Jim and Emily will make some long-overdue _ on the outdoor toile

24、t. 5. Later this months, well _ the orchard. vhaulvcultivatingvweedingvretileimprovementsvsprayIn between such chores I am doing reporting for the _ articles. Sandy, _ the usual household routine, she _ the garden, _ the flower beds, _ a little wood and _ the eggs. vfreelancevbesidesvoverseesvtendsv

25、stacksvdeliversHarsh natural conditionsThe first wintervWe were buried under five feet of snow vOne storm after another blasted huge driftsWhen spring came vIt brought two floods. The river overflowed, covering much of our land for weeksPar. 4 1. Three months ago when it was 30 below. -when it was 0

26、 below. -30 Fahrenheit degree 华氏度摄氏度 -Celsius degree 0-100 ( ) freeze -boil 32-212 ( ) Celsius degree = (Fahrenheit degree -32) 5/9 2. Hauling firewood up the river on a sled. - up the river 逆流而上 帆船向下游驶去/顺水而下the sailboat sails down the river. 3. three months from now sentence pattern: 从现在开始 从那时开始 fr

27、om now on from then on 4. Outdoor toilet 室外卫生间 -公共卫生间 /卫生间 室外卫生间 W. C lavatory (water closet) 家里的卫生间 bathroom 马桶 toilet bowl 上厕所 上厕所委婉语 to be excused, go to the toilet, go to the gents, go to the ladies, wash my hands诙谐语 answer natures call, to relieve oneself, go to Number One, go to the John 5. We

28、 kept warm inside burning our own wood 壁炉 andiron / fireplace 3. We kept warm inside burning our own wood 壁炉 andiron / fireplace Part III. (Paras. 8-11) He and his family managed to get by. How to make it?vDecision(Para.8)vallocate income(Para.10)vTo handlevHe has done many things.(Para.9)vMortgage

29、paymentvUsual expensesvInsurance:vMedical policyvAgainst catastrophevPolicy on cars vIndividual retirement Account(IRA)He has done many things. _ black-bear dens , vCrawl into vCheck out the Lake monsterHe has done many things 3. _ dogsled racing teams. 4. _ the Boundary Waters. vHitch upv Canoe thr

30、oughAt last To make up the difference in income by cutting back without appreciably lowering our standard of living. (Para.11)E.g: 1. We continue to _, but we _ local restaurants. 2. We still _ the opera and ballet, but only a few times a year. 3. _ Christmases are a memory,and we _ vacations with s

31、tory assignments. dine outpatronize attendextravagantcombinePart IV. (Paras12-15) The special qualities necessary for leading a life in the country. The special qualities: 1._. 2._. The feelings of leaving the farm someday. 1. Leave with _. 2. Leave with _. vA tolerance for solitudevenergyvThe feeli

32、ng of sorrowvA sense of prideE(lwyn) B(rooks) W h i t e ( 1 8 9 9 -1985): Leading American essayist and journalist of his time. White was known for his crisp, graceful, relaxed style. Whites stories ranged f r o m s a t i r e t o childrens fiction. While he often wrote from the perspective of slight

33、ly ironic onlooker.Stuart Little Charlottes WebWords and Expressions1. get by: 1) manage ,especially in spite of difficultiesHow can he get by on such low wages? It is a little bit difficult for the old to get by on such a small pension. 2) be good enough but not very goodYour work will get by, but

34、try to improve it. 译：他买不起一件新大衣，但他可以穿旧大衣将就着过冬。 He cant afford a new coat, but he can get by with his old one. 你的作文写得还行，但是你要注意一些拼写错误。 Your writing will get by, but pay more attention to the spelling mistakes.Collocationsget across: be understoodget away with: run away without being punishedget round t

35、o doing sth: finally do sth. after dealing with other matters; to find the time to do sth.腾出时间做某事get over: forget; overcomeget through: do sth. successfully 干完，完成干完，完成 （使）通过（考试），（使）（议（使）通过（考试），（使）（议案等）获得通过案等）获得通过 度过（时间）度过（时间）Ill be with you as I get through with this work. 我已完成这项工作就去见你。 你认为那项议案能获得议会

36、通过吗？Do you think the bill will get through Congress? Its going to be hard to get through the next coupleof days. 以后的几天日子将很难熬。 get throughExercisesHe _ going back home in countryside for a short rest.Weve stored enough food and fuel to _ the cold winter.got round toget throughIt is a bit hard for the

37、 old couple to _ on a small amount of pension.（退休金）_ get bygot away withShe cant _ her shyness.Did your speech _ to the students get overget across suburb n.-suburban adj. 辨析：suburb, outskirts, countryside suburb: an area where people live which is away from the center of a town or city; outskirts:

38、the parts of a town or city that are furthest from the center e.g. on the outskirts (of something) They live on the outskirts of Paris. countryside: land that is outside cities and towns e.g. in the countryside people who live in the countryside be left over have sth. left/remaining 剩余剩余/下下 1. After

39、 weve paid the bills, theres never much left over. 等我们还完了这笔帐之后,剩下的就不多了. 2.聚会上还有没有剩余食物呢? Was there any food left over from the party? Words and Expressions2. make it: （informal) 1) to be successful in ones career. Hes never really made it as an actor. 2) to succeed in reaching a place after difficult

40、y, effort, etc It was a terrible journey but we finally made it. 3) to attend sth. I am afraid I wont be able to make it to your party next week. 译：她最后成功地成为了一家大公司的总裁。 She finally made it as a CEO of a big cor-porationjust about :几乎、差不多”，相当于almost Example： We were just about ready to leave when it st

41、arted snowing 。 我们差不多准备好要走了，天下起雪来 。 haul 1) transport, as with a truck, cart, etc. e.g. These farmers usually haul vegetables to the market nearby on a cart at five oclock every morning. 每天清晨5点，农民们通常都用马车将蔬菜拖运到附近的市场。2) pull or drag sth. with effort or force e.g. They hauled the boat up onto the shore

42、 他们用力把船拖上岸。e.g. She spent the afternoon _ weeds in the garden. A) drawing B) pulling C) dragging D) hauling haul around 改变航向以躲避某物，退却、撤退 haul up 船迎风行驶，把拖上来Haul, drag &pullHaul:缓慢而费力地拖一极重之物，有时可表示很困难地拽。 e.g. Lorries haul heavy goods from factories to the ports.Drag: 指施力者在地面或表面上缓慢而沉重地把东西拖过一段距离，该词通常使人想到主

43、动或被动的阻力。 e.g. You might drag a heavy box across the ground if you couldnt lift it.Pull: 指朝任何方向移动，一般后接副词或副词词组以表示移动方向。 e.g. They pulled hard but the rock remained immovable.Unit 1Words and Expressionshaul: 1) transport, as with a truck, cart, etc. The farmers haul vegetables to the market on a truck e

44、very day. The rescue team hauled medical supplies and food to the disaster-stricken area. 2) pull or drag sth. with effort or force I got stuck in the mud and the others had to haul me out. Rescue workers hauled passengers out of the bombed commuter train(市郊火车）. 译：她费劲的下了床。 She hauled herself out of

45、bed. overdue: 1. not paid, done, returned by the expected time an overdue rent/library book. Her baby is two weeks overdue. 2. that should have happened or been done before now The economic reform is long overdue. 译：你的作业早就该交了。 Your homework is long overdue. 上周末，我洗了攒了好久的衣服。 I did my overdue laundry l

46、ast weekendOverflow (L37): v. 溢出Over + verb. 1）过多，过于 2）跨过，在上面Eg: Overdue Overuse Oversee Overcome Overtake Overhear Overlook Overstate超过忽视夸张，夸大偷听监视，监督滥用，过度使用过期克服supplement n. 增补（物）;补充（物） （报刊等的）增刊, 副刊vt 增补, 补充【搭配】supplement to 的补充（物） supplement sth. by / with 通过 补充这些阅读材料是对第一册的补充。These reading materia

47、ls are used as the supplement to Book One. This magazine has a supplement about new cars. 这本杂志有关于新车的副刊。她生病了，除了日常饮食外必须吃些补品。She has been ill and must have supplements to her ordinary food. Kate supplements her regular salary by tutoring in the evenings. 凯特通过晚上做家教补充日常收入。supplementary adj. 增补的，补充的，追加的增补

48、的，补充的，追加的supplementation n. 增补，补充，追加增补，补充，追加辨析辨析 complement补充补充/补足物，补足物，(着眼于着眼于“补足使之完美补足使之完美”) n. the act or an instance of improving or being improvedbe an improvement on/upon/over 比 好， 比 有改进make an improvement 改进 improve on/upon 在原有的基础上改进，改良 This edition is an improvement over the previous one. 这一

49、版本比上一版本好。 An old house can be made modern by making an improvement. 通过整修可以使旧房子现代化。 Im unable to improve on his suggestion. 我提不出比他更好的建议。improvement Improvement 1)Theres been a big improvement in the childrens behavior. (其后常跟其后常跟 in) 2) A standard improvement on this feedback loop (圈，环圈，环) is shown ne

50、xt. (有时也跟有时也跟 on) 下次将展示有关反馈环的实质性的进展.3) We need to carry out some improvements to the system. (有时也可跟有时也可跟 to) 对这个系统我们需要实行一些进展措施对这个系统我们需要实行一些进展措施. freelance: n/ adj. /v/ adv a self-employed person, esp a writer or artist, who is notemployed continuously but hired to do specific assignments She works f

51、reelance so she does not have a regularincome .The idea came from a freelance designer. 译：他厌倦了在办公室给老板打工，决定自己干。 He is bored with working for a boss in the office and decided to freelance.household n. 家庭家庭,户户(同同family, home) a. 1)家庭的家庭的,家用的家用的,普通的普通的(同同domestic, home) 2)家喻户晓的家喻户晓的(para.5) household ex

52、penses/duties/goods 家庭的开销/事务/用品; a household name/word 家喻户晓的名字/名称 family, home, household n. 【C】家 Family 指家庭成员,还可以指家族; home 指家的环境,气氛或者出生地，祖国; household 与family相近，但没有子女和家族的意思 domestic, household a. 【定】家庭的 domestic 家庭的，家用的，还有本国的，国内的 household指内部住宅，也可以指家常的。at that pointat that very moment, right then e

53、.g. The reporters were waiting anxiously for the mysterious magicianAt that point，all the lights in the hall went out. 记者们正焦急地等待这神秘魔法师的出现。就在那时，大厅里所有的灯熄灭了。 in point of 就而言；关于 e.g. In point of fact，I never lived at the address stated on the form.事实上，我从未在表中所填的那个地址居住过。事实上，我从未在表中所填的那个地址居住过。 to the point

54、切题的 e.g.你的话与主题无关。你的话与主题无关。 Your remarks were not to the point. At that point (L47)：就在那时 Point:具体的时间的一点At that pointAt the point of :在之前On the point of doing sth.：刚要做某事To the point of:几乎到了的程度Up to a point:部分的 Point:重要的观点（论点）Beside the point:不切题In point of fact:事实上Make a point of doing sth.: 重视某事Take

55、someones point:接受某人所说的话To the point:切题，中肯with all things considered总的来说总的来说On balance, he will gain more than he will lose. 总的来说，他的得到的将比失去的多。in the balance (生命等生命等)在危机状态中，（命运等）未定；悬而未决的在危机状态中，（命运等）未定；悬而未决的keep / lose ones balance 保持保持/失去失去 平衡平衡 off balance 不平衡不平衡 The outcome of the basketball game wa

56、s in the balanceuntil the last minute. 那场篮球赛直到最后一分钟尚未决出胜负。I found it hard to keep my balance on the icy path. He was caught off balance by the sudden wind and nearly fell. 突然一阵风吹得他东倒西歪险些摔倒。on balancevt. 举例说明，阐明 给.作插图说明Let me use another example to illustrate this difficult point. 我用另一个例子来解释这个难点。 【搭配

57、】 (be) illustrated with (by) 以. 说明之【例句】 The book was illustrated with color photographs. 这本书配上了彩色照片。【派生】illustration n. 说明，图解 illustrative adj. 说明性质的，作为例证的 illustrator n. 说明者；插图画家illustrate n. 文摘；摘要 vi. 消化，理解；融会贯通 This is a digest of the weeks news. 这是本周的新闻摘要。 Fish is easy to digest when you re ill.

58、 生病时吃鱼容易消化。 【派生】 digestion n. 消化 digester n. 消化剂；汇编者，摘要者 digestive adj. 有关消化的；助消化的 digestible adj. 可消化的；易消化的 digestBoundary n.分界线，边界，界限 同 border, frontier This river forms a boundary between the two cities. 这条河构成了两座城市之间的分界线。【辨析】boundary, border, frontierBoundary 指以河流、山脉分隔的天然边界线，多指在地图上的领土分界线。 Boundar

59、ies may be changed by treaties. 边界是可以通过缔结条约加以改变的。 Border 指边境地区 The town lies on the border between the US and Mexico. 这座城镇位于美国和墨西哥之间的边境地区。Frontier 指一个国家的边境，即国境。 Sweden has frontiers with Norway and Finland. 瑞典同挪威、芬兰相邻。generate 1)bring into existence, produce e.g. There is a hatred generated by racia

60、l prejudice among people在人民中间存在一种由种族偏见引起的仇恨。 2) result ine.g. The widespread use of Spanish in some American cities has generated a public debate美国有些城市大量使用西班牙语，引起了公众的争议。 Related vocabulary: generation产生，一代 generator 发电机 generative 生成的insurance n.保险保险; 保险费保险费 E.g. Construction workers should always h