同位语从句童爱平

1、1 同位语从句同位语从句 定义定义: 同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明名词同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容。的具体内容。Appositive Clause2观察观察3（5）Beijing ，the capital of China，is the economic and political center in China.4Appositive Clause：同位语question, problem, no ideawhy, how, where, what, whethersuggestion/proposal/demand/request/order+ that + sb (

2、should) doForm: n. + clause/n，Meaning: 表明抽象名词的内容表明抽象名词的内容Noun : idea, fact, view, opinion, reason, 连词连词: that语序语序: 陈述语序陈述语序探究5一、同位语从句在句中位置 1. 一般情况下同位语从句一般情况下同位语从句跟在某些名词（如跟在某些名词（如newsnews，ideaidea，factfact，promisepromise，hopehope，messagemessage等）的后面等）的后面，用以说明该名词所表达的具体内容。例如用以说明该名词所表达的具体内容。例如The news t

3、hat our women volleyball team had won the championship encouraged us all greatly. Ive come from Mr. Wang with a message that he wont be able to see you this afternoon.62. 有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后，有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后，而被别的词语隔开，在语法上叫做而被别的词语隔开，在语法上叫做分隔式同位语从分隔式同位语从句句。例如：。例如： The thought came to her that m

4、aybe she had left the door open when she left home. The story goes that he failed in the College Entrance Examinations again. 7二、同位语从句前名词的数 同位语从句前的名词通常用单数形式同位语从句前的名词通常用单数形式，并且往往带，并且往往带有限定词有限定词（wordword除外除外）加以修饰。例如：）加以修饰。例如： Where did you get the idea that I could not come？ Give me your promise that

5、you will come to our party this evening Word came that China launched its first manned spaceship on Oct 15，2003. 84.The 4.The thoughtthought that they would cross the that they would cross the whole continent was exciting. whole continent was exciting. 5.Some people have the 5.Some people have the i

6、deaidea that you can that you can cross Canada in less than five days . cross Canada in less than five days . 6.They forget the 6.They forget the factfact that Canada is that Canada is 5.500 kilometres from coast to coast. 5.500 kilometres from coast to coast. 7.The girls were surprised at the 7.The

7、 girls were surprised at the factfact that that ocean ships can sail up the Great Lakes.ocean ships can sail up the Great Lakes.9三、同位语从句连接词的选用 在英语中，引导同位语从句的词通常有连词（在英语中，引导同位语从句的词通常有连词（thatthat，whowho，whetherwhether），连接副词（），连接副词（howhow，whenwhen，wherewhere）等。）等。例如：例如： They were all very much worried ov

8、er They were all very much worried over the fact the fact thatthat you were sick. you were sick. The question The question whowho should do the work should do the work requires consideration. requires consideration. We havent yet settled We havent yet settled the question the question wherewhere we

9、are going to spend our summer we are going to spend our summer vacation. vacation. 10 We have some doubt We have some doubt whether whether they they can complete the task on time. can complete the task on time. There is no doubt There is no doubt thatthat Zhang Wei Zhang Wei will keep his promise.

10、will keep his promise. 在名词在名词doubt“doubt“怀疑怀疑”后的同位语从句用后的同位语从句用whetherwhether连接；在连接；在no doubt“no doubt“不怀疑不怀疑”之之后的同位语从句用后的同位语从句用thatthat连接。例如：连接。例如：11 有些名词的后面可以接that引导的同位语从句，： We came to the decision that we must act at once. He made a proposal that the meeting be postpone. There was little hope that

11、 he would survive. 同位语从句：thatthat不可省略1213 3.he suggestion that students 3.he suggestion that students should learn something practical should learn something practical is is worth considering.worth considering. 4. 4.The suggestion that they are The suggestion that they are considering considering is

12、 that students should is that students should learn something practical.learn something practical. 14 5. He made 5. He made a promise that he a promise that he wouldnt be able to keepwouldnt be able to keep. . 6.He made 6.He made a promise that he would a promise that he would spend more time with h

13、is son.spend more time with his son.157.Have you heard the news that our team won the game? 8.Have you heard the news that was reported from the front?16 同位语从句与定语从句的区别同位语从句与定语从句的区别:(1) 定语从句中的定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时以在从既代替先行词，同时以在从句中句中作某个成分（主语或宾语）作某个成分（主语或宾语），而同位语从句，而同位语从句中的中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，是连词，只起连接

14、主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。不充当句中任何成分。(2) 定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，词，对先行词加以限定，描述它的性质或特征描述它的性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行具对名词进行具体内容的补充说明体内容的补充说明。17 同位语从句（同位语从句（Appositive ClauseAppositive Clause）: that: that只起到连接作用不充当任何成分。 从句是完整的从句是完整的。 定语从句（定语从句（Relative ClauseRelative Cla

15、use）：）：thatthat不仅起到连接作用，还代替先行词在从句中充当成分。 从句是不完整的。从句是不完整的。Can that be omitted?18 whetherwhether可以引导同位语从句，而定语从句不能用可以引导同位语从句，而定语从句不能用whetherwhether作为引导词。作为引导词。 He hasnt made the decision whether he will go there. 他还没有做出决定是否去那里。 I have small doubt whether he is suitable for the job. 他是否适合这件工作我有点怀疑。同位语从句：

16、whether19 what可以引导同位语从句，而定语从句不能用what作为引导词 I have no idea what he is doing now. how可以引导同位语从句，而定语从句不能用how作为引导词 Its a question how he did it. 那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。同位语从句：what同位语从句：how20 who，whom，which，when，where，why用来引导同位语从句 The question who should do the work requires consideration. 谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。 She rai

17、sed the question where we could get the fund. 她提出这个问题：我们到哪儿去搞这笔资金。同位语从句：who等21 1.We must face the fact that we have the fact that we have spent all our money.spent all our money. 2.Word Word came where our team had where our team had won the gamewon the game. 3.They asked me the question the questio

18、n whether the work was worth doing.whether the work was worth doing. 4.The problem that it is right or .The problem that it is right or wrongwrong has not been yet decided. 5.I have no idea what he saididea what he said. thatwhether (R)(W)(R)(W)(R)221.I ask her _ come with me. A. if she will B. if w

19、ill she C. whether will she D. will she 2._ he said is true. A. What B. That C. Which D. Whether 3.Can you tell me _? A. who is that gentleman B. that gentleman is who C. who that gentleman is D. whom is that gentleman 4.He didnt know which room _. A. they lived B. they lived in C. did they live D.

20、did they live in 5.To get the job started, _ I need is some money. A. only what B. all what C. all that D. only that 6.I have no idea _ far the railway station is from here. A. what B. how C. its D. that 237.Can you tell me _ the railway station? A. how I can get to B. what can I get to C. where I c

21、an got to D. where can I get to 8.Do you know _? A. what is his name B. how is his name C. what his name is D. how his name is 9._ you have done might do harm to other people. A. That B. What C. Which D. This 10.They have no idea at all _. A. where he has gone B. where did he go C. which place has h

22、e gone D. where has he gone 11.They want to know _ do to help us. A. what can they B. what they can C. how they can D. how can they 12.These photographs will show you _. A. what our village looks like B. what does our village look like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like

23、2413.Can you make sure _ the gold ring? A. where Alice had put B. where had Alice put C. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put 14.No one can be sure _ in a million years. A. what man will look like B. what will man look like C. man will look like D. what look man like 15._ the 2008 Olympic Game

24、s will be held in Beijing is not known yet. A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That 16.Go and get your coat. Its _ you left it. A. there B. where C. there where D. where there 17.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray. A. while B. that C. if D. for 18._ he said at the meeting astonished every

25、body present. A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter 2519. Do you remember _ he came? Yes, I do. He came by car. A. how B. when C. that D. if 20._ we cant get seems better than _ we have. A. What ; what B. What ; that C. That ; that D. That ; what 21._ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Wheth