高二英语必修5知识点汇总(附语法)

1、 高二英语必修5知识点汇总201305 Unit 1:重点短语put forward draw a conclusion be/get under control expose to be to blame blame sb. for sth. in addition link.to. die of/from lead to make sense apart from contribute to be enthusiastic about be curious about point of view （be）strict with sb. look into thousands of be d

2、etermined to do 重点句子1. John Snow was a well-known doctor in London so famous, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.2. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.3.   First he marked on a map the exact places where al

3、l the dead people lived.4.   He knew it would never be controlled until its cause was found.5.   He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people.6. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.To

4、prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined.7. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense（有意义）.8. Yet Copernicus theory is now the basis on which all our ideas of the universe are built.9

5、. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.10. he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak.11. Yet he could not tell anyone about his theory as the powerful Christian Church would have punished him .12. So betwe

6、en 1510 and 1514 he worked on it, gradually improving his theory until he felt it was complete.13. He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth.14. , so he only published it as he lay dying in 1543.15. The Chris

7、tian Church rejected his theory, saying it was against Gods idea and people who supported it would be attacked.重点词汇1、put forward: 提出（计划、建议等）；将提前；把钟表拨快 put away: 收起来；贮存，储蓄 put down: 放下；写下，记下 put off: 推迟；延期 put on: 穿上；增加；上演（戏剧） put up: 张贴；撑开（帐篷） put on weight: 增加了体重 put on a new play: 上演新戏剧 put up a p

8、oster: 张贴海报 put up a tent: 搭起帐篷2、conclude: vt. 作结论，断定 conclusion: n. 结论 The jury concluded that he was guilty. 陪审团认定他有罪。 draw a conclusion 作出结论3、 defeat vt. 打败, 击败, 战胜； 使(希望, 计划等)失败, 挫败; 阻挠, 使无效defeat 指“赢得胜利”, 尤其指“军事上的胜利”。conquer指“征服”、”战胜”,特别指“获得对人、物或感情的控制”。overcome指“战胜”、“压倒”、“克服”尤指“感情”而言。 defeat th

9、e enemy 打败敌人 conquer nature 征服自然。 overcome difficulties 克服困难4. attend: v.1) to be present at; go to (meeting, conference, lecture.) 出席；参加 2) to look after, care for, serve 照顾；看护。 3） to go with 伴随 He decided to attend the meeting himself. 他决定亲自赴会。 Which doctor is attending to (on) you? 哪位医生护理你？ The w

10、ork was attended with much difficulty.这项工作带来许多困难。5、expose.to. 把。暴露给。 Don't expose your skin to the sun for too long. They had to be exposed to the enemy's gunfire.他们只得冒着敌人的炮火。 6、blame sb. for sth. 因为某事责备某人 be to blame: 应受责备，应负责任Who is to blame for the mistake？这个错误应归咎于谁？ He blamed the boy for

11、 his mistake.7、in addition: 除此之外，另外, 意思相当于 besides, what's more. in addition to：除之外，还有，表示递进关系。 except: 除之外，表示在整体中排除， besides：表示“除了以外，还有”，与in addition to 同义。 beside : 在旁边。表示方位。 The company provided the workers with free lunch in addition to paid holidays. 这家公司为员工们提供带薪假期，还有免费午餐。 I paid 100 Yuan in

12、 addition. 我又付了 100 元。 In addition to English, he has to study a second language. 除了英语以外，他还要学习第二外国语。 Everyone except me got an invitation. 除了我以外, 所有人都收到了请柬. Besides Mr Wang, we also went to see the film.王先生也去了。 We all agreed besides him.我们都同意, 他也同意。 Lily sits beside me in class. 莉莉在班上做我旁边同义句转换1）He s

13、peaks French as well as English. He speaks French in addition to/besides English.2) Apart from the salary, its not a bad job. In addition to/Except the salary, its not a bad job.8、 announce vt 公布；宣告 make an announcement 宣告 announce ones decision 宣布.的决定9、absorb vt. absorbed adj. 专心的，全神贯注的 1) 吸收 A spo

14、nge absorbs water. 海绵吸水。 2）专心于 be absorbed in （doing）sth: 专心于。，全神贯注地干。 The little girl was absorbed in reading a tale. 10、challenge n. 挑战; 挑战书; 邀请比赛; 要求决斗 vt. 向.挑战, 要求, 怀疑 ; vi. 挑战, 对(证据等)表示异议 meet the serious challenge 面对严峻挑战 Unit 2: 重点短语 consist of to ones surprise break away from break down make

15、a list of in memory of feel proud of refer to link to .on special occasions take the place of leave out have an influence on at your convenience as wellin / with relation to under construction to their creditfind out on show feel proud of重点句子1.   It is a pity that the industrial cities bui

16、lt in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors.2.   You find most of the population settled in the south.3.   You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile.4.   Worried about the time available, Zhan

17、g Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in London .5.   It looked splendid when first built.           6.   What interested her most was the longitude line.        7. so Pingyu had photo taken s

18、tanding on either side of the line.8. It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London. 9. When she saw many visitors enjoying looking at .10. They followed St Pauls Cathedral built after the terrible fire of London in 1666.11. To their credit, the

19、 four countries do work together in some areas 重点词汇1、 consist of be made up of 由组成 (没有进行时）2、 separate . from. (把联合在一起或靠近的人或物分离出来） o. 把分开 （把整体分为若干部分）3、debate about sth. 就.进行辩论 debate /argue/ quarrel They debate about the proposal for three days.4、 clarify: vt./vi. (cause sth. to )become cle

20、ar or easier to understand 澄清；阐明;清楚；明了 I hope what I say will clarify the situation.5、 be linked to = be connected to /be joined to 连接 link A to B 将A和B连接起来6、refer to 1)提及，指的是 When he said “some students”, do you think he was referring to us?2) 参考；查阅；询问 Please refer to the last page of the book for a

21、nswers. 3) 关系到；关乎；与.有关 What I have to say refers to all of you. This rule refers to everyone. reference: n. 参考reference books参考书7、to one's surprise (prep) 使。大为惊讶的是“to one's + 名词” 表 “令某人”常见的名词有 “delight, disappointment, enjoyment, astonishment 等 I discovered, to my horror, that the goods were

22、 entirely unfit for sale. To John's great relief they reached the house at last.8、 . found themselves united peacefully “find +宾语宾补( adj; adv; v-ing; pp; 介词短语；不定式）” A cook will be immediately fired if he is found smoking in the kitchen. You'll find him easy to get along with. They found them

23、selves trapped by the bush fire. When I woke up, I found myself in hospital. I called on him yesterday, but I found him out. 9、get sth done =have sth done 使某事被做. I'll just get these dishes washed and then I'll come.get + n. + to do You'll get her to agree.get + n. + doing I'll get th

24、e car going. get（sth) done: 用于意想不到、突然或偶然发生，意为“被.”10、break away (from sb / sth) 脱离；破除break away from bad habits.11、break down (会谈)破裂，失败；(汽车等)出故障； (人的健康状况)变得恶劣；（情感）失控His health broke down under the pressure of work.He broke down and wept when he heard the news.Talks between the two countries have comp

25、letely broken down.His car broke down on the way to work this morning.break in 闯入；打岔 break off 中断，折断break into 闯入 break out 爆发;发生break up 驱散；分散，拆散12、as well as 不仅而且；既又 13、convenience: n.方便；便利 convenient: adj. We bought this house for its convenience. If its convenient to you, Ill call you at midnigh

26、t.14、attraction: attract: vt. 1). 吸引；引力(不可数 n.) attraction of gravitation 重力 2). 吸引人的东西；喜闻乐见的东西；精彩节目(可数 n.) He can't resist the attraction of the sea on a hot day. A big city offers many and varied attractions. What are the principle attractions this evening?15、influence 1) v. 对产生影响 What influen

27、ce you to choose a career in teaching? 2) 可数n.产生影响的人或事 He is one of the good influences in the school. 3) (不可数n.) 影响 A teacher has great influence over his pupils. Unit 3:重点短语take up in all directions lose sight of/ catch sight of in no time sweep up get / be caught independ on speed up give off

28、0;as a result suffer from be similar toin no time    on ones feet be supposed to do plenty of be previous to compare with/to for health reasons jet lag   under repair   search for  as though show sb aroundbe disposed of make an impression on because ofused to

29、do 重点句子1. The air seemed thin as though its combination of gases had little oxygen left.2. Why not sit down and rest? = Why dont you sit down and rest? 3. I still cannot believe that I am taking up this prize that I won last year.4. Just relax, since there is nothing planned on the timetable today.5

30、. I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too much carriages flying by in all directions.6. I can still remember the moment when the space stewardess called us all to .7. Well-known for their expertise, his parents company , called “Future Tours”, transpo

31、rted me safely into .Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.I stared at the moving model of the waste machine, absorbed by its efficiency.Described as an enormous round plate, it spins slowly in space to imitate the earths gravity.重点词汇1、 impression n. 印记；印象；感想； 后接 of sb./

32、of sth./ on sb./ that 从句； My first impression of him was favourable.他给我的第一印象不错。 I got the impression that they were unhappy about the situation. 我觉得他们不满于当时的状况。2、 impress vt.给留下深刻的印象；使铭记；使感动；impress sth. on/upon sb.impress sb. with sth. 给留下深刻的印象；使铭记；It impressed me that she remembered my name. 令我佩服的是

33、她记得我的名字。3、remind vt.提醒；使想起；reminder n.提醒物；引起回忆的事物remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事；remind sb.(that)/wh-从句 提醒某人；使某人想起；remind sb. about/of sth. 使某人想起或意识到；提醒某人某事 I'm sorry, but I've forgotten your name, can you remind me? 很抱歉，我记不起你的名字，你能提醒我一下吗？ You remind me of your father when you say that. 你说这样的话使

34、我想起了你的父亲。4、constantly adv.始终；一直；重复不断地 constantly change不断变化 constant adj.连续发生的；不断的；重复的；5、 previous adj.先前的；以往的；（时间上）稍前的 previously adv. 先前地；早先 No previous experience is necessary for this job.这工作无需相关的经验 I couldn't believe it when I heard the news. I had only seen him the previous day.听到这个消息时我不敢相

35、信，我就在前一天还见到过他 The building had previously been used as a hotel. 早先曾用作旅馆。6、 bend vt.（bent bent）弯曲；使弯曲；弯腰；弯身；bend one's mind/efforts to sth. 致力于某事；bend sb.to sth. 迫使；说服 bend the truth 歪曲事实bent ones head 低下头7、 press vt. 压；按；推；挤；坚持；敦促 n. 报章杂志，新闻工作者，新闻界 She pressed a handkerchief to his nose. 她用手绢捂住鼻

36、子。 She pressed down hard on the gas pedal. 她用力踩下油门踏板。 He is still pressing her claim for compensation. 他仍坚持索赔。 The press was/were not allowed to attend the trial. 庭审谢绝新闻采访。8、 switch 用作n表示“开关；转换”。用作vi,vt表示“转换”。 She made the switch from full-time to part-time work when her first child was born. 第一个孩子出

37、生后，她就由全日工作改为非全日工作。 Press these two keys to switch between documents on screen. 按这两个键就可以在屏幕上的文件之间进行切换。 I can't work next week, will you switch with me? 下个周末我不能上班，咱俩换个班好不好？9、 lack n. & v. 用作名词，表示：“缺乏；短缺”； 用作动词，表示：“缺乏；短缺；没有；不足”。 lacking adj. 缺乏；没有；匮乏；不足 a lack of food /money/skills 缺乏食物/金钱/技能 T

38、he trip was cancelled through lack of interest. 因为缺乏兴趣这次旅行被取消了。He lacks confidence. 他缺乏信心。10、 surroundings n.pl. 环境； surround vt. 围绕；环绕 surrounding adj. 周围的；附近的 Everyone likes to work in pleasant surroundings. 人人都喜欢在愉快的环境中工作。11、 catch/gain/get sight of 发现，看出 lose sight of 看不见,忘记 lose one's sight

39、 失明 at first sight 一见就；乍看起来 At first sight, the problem seems easy. at (the) sight of 一看见就 At the sight of the teacher, the boy ran away. be in sight 看得见，在眼前 The island is still in sight. out of sight 看不见 Out of sight, out of mind. 12、 take up 1）to fill or use an amount of space or time 占用（时间）；占据（空间

40、）2）to learn to or start to do sth 开始做（某项工作）；开始从事3）to accept sth. that is offered or available 接受（建议或能得到的东西） The table takes up too much room. 这张桌子太占地儿。 They have taken up golf. 他们学起打高尔夫球来了。 She took up his offer of a drink. 他请她喝一杯，她接受了。 He takes up his duties next week. 他下周就要开始履行职责。 13、sweep up 打扫；清

41、扫；横扫；涌向；快速地抱起 He swept up the baby up into his arms. 他一把将孩子抱进怀里。 Unit 4:重点短语on ones own be eager to do sth concentrate on accuseof go on a story cover a story make sure ahead of have a good nose for sth be supposed to tell the truth keep in mindinform of take notes depend onso as to look forward to

42、make an appointment with set (out)to do pass on to 重点句子1. Never will ZY forget his first assignment at the office of China Daily. Only if you asked many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know. Not only am I interested in photography, but I took an amateur cour

43、se at university to update my skills.2. This is how the story goes. 3. Have you ever had a case where somebody accused your journalists of getting the wrong end  of the stick?4. Meanwhile you have to prepare the next question depending on what the person says.5. Zhou Yang also took a

44、copy to the native speaker employed by the newspaper to polish the style.6. He knows how to do it.重点词汇1、 concentrate vi. 聚精会神，集中思想，多与 on 和 upon 或连用 Concentrate on your work. 集中精神工作。 A driver should concentrate on the road when driving. Industrial development is being concentrated in the west of the

45、country. 这个国家的西部正集中发展工业。2、 acquire vt. 获得, 学到，取得，拥有 acquired, acquiring She acquired a knowledge of the English by careful study. 她认真学习而精通英语。 Some smoking and alcoholic drinks are an acquired taste and are not in born.抽烟喝酒往往是一种后来习得的嗜好，并不是生来就有的。3、 accuse sb. of （doing ）sth. 指责，指控 accused, accusing Th

46、e police accused him of murder. 警方指控他谋杀。 She accused him lying. 她指责他说谎. He was wrongly accused of stealing. 他误遭控告犯偷盗罪.4. be of interest/ importance, value, use, help, . = interesting/important/valuable/useful/helpful. This is a matter of great importance. 这是一件非常重要的事。 The book is of great value to me

47、. 这本书对我来说有很大价值。 There is nothing interesting/of interest in today's newspaper.5、journalist n.新闻记者；新闻工作者 He is a professional journalist. 他是一位专门的新闻从业人员6、 delighted a. 高兴的, 快乐的delight n（c). 高兴, 愉快 ； vt. 使高兴, 乐于； vi. 感到高兴(或愉快、快乐) I am really delighted. 我真的很高兴。 Singing is her chief delight. 唱歌是她的主要爱

48、好。 take delight in 喜爱, 以.为乐 find delight in 喜爱, 以.为乐 have delight in 喜爱, 以.为乐 to sb.'s delight 令人高兴的是.7、assist n. 帮助, 协助； vt. 帮助, 促进； vi. 协助, 参加 assist sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事 assist sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事 assist sb. in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事 区别: help, aid, assist 都含"帮助"、"援助"的意思。1)

49、 help 系常用词, 意义较aid, assist 强, 指"以积极态度给予各方面的帮助", 强调"受助者得到帮助或好处", 并着重"受助者对帮助的需要"。 Please help me arrange these papers.请帮我整理这些文件。2) aid 属较正式用语, 强调"帮助受助者脱离困难或危险", 有时意味着"强者援助弱者"。 They aided flood victims.他们援助遭受水灾的灾民。3) assist正式用语, 多指"在提供帮助时, 帮助者起次要或起

50、协助作用"。 She assisted him in his experiments.她协助他做实验。8、 case n. 情况，事实 Is that the case？是这么回事吗？a hard case 无可救药或顽固不化的人; 难对付的人、处境困难 或可怜的人、难办的事; 难治之症、古里古怪、 冒冒失失的家伙 as is often the case 这是常有的事 in any case 无论如何, 总之 in case of 万一., 如果发生. in no case 决不 in that case 假如那样的话，在那种情况下 in this case 假如这样的话 It i

51、s not the case 情况不是这样; 并非事实。 This is not the case 情况不是这样; 并非事实。 That is not the case 情况不是这样; 并非事实。 just in case 以防(万一) Unit 5：重点短语first aid get injured/burnt protectagainst depend on over and over again in place fall ill sense of touch put ones hands on make a difference electric shock take off present sb. with sth. a number of cut off重点句子1. Burns are called first degree, second degree or third degree burns depending on which layers of the skins are b