2019上海市闵行区高中英语二模

1、2019 上海市闵行区高中英语二模闵行区第二学期高三年级质量调研考试英语试卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.

2、After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. He will review 2 more lessons. C. He will go over the 13 lessons.2. A. His injury kept him at home. C. He was too weak t

3、o see the doctor.3. A. The post office.C. The courthouse.4. A. Disappointed. B. Approving.5. A. He played his part quite well.C. He performed better than the secretary.6. A. He wrote a book about great restaurants. B. He always makes reservations for dinner. CB. He will study the other 20 lessons.D.

4、 He will study all the 15 lessons.B. He didn t think it necessary.D. He failed to make an appointmentB. Monroe Street.D. Fourth Avenue.C. Concerned. D. Doubtful.B. He was not dramatic enough.D. He exaggerated his part.He read a book while he was eating dinner.D. He always finds good places to eat.7.

5、 A. He is afraid he won t be chosen for the trip.B. The boss has not decided where to go.C. Such a trip is necessary for the company.D. It s not certain whether the trip will take place.8. A. It s too expensive to get the apartment furnished.B. The furniture he bought was very cheap.C. The apartment

6、 was provided with some old furniture.D. It s hard to find proper furniture for his apartment.9. A. She is intended to work for the school newspaper.B. The man can spare some time reading school newspaper.C. The man has a very tight schedule.D. The man should have taken more than five classes.10. A.

7、 Whether the meeting is certainly to be held on Monday.B. What bad news will be talked about at the meeting.C. What they are going to discuss at the meeting.D. Where the meeting is to be held.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two passages and a longer conversation, and you will be ask

8、ed several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have hea

9、rd.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11.A. Appropriateness of the programs.B. The operation of national programs.C. The incomes of the corporation.D. The welfare of the staff.12.A. By donations from the public.B. By selling its programs.C. By selling broadcasting devices.D.

10、By getting support from the royals.13.A. Its humorous styles.B. The richness of its programs.C. Famous news announcers.D. Its neutral views on news.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Social progress and individual development.B. Human behaviors and social changes.C. Ge

11、neral concepts about psychology and sociology.D. Relationship between cultures and human behaviors.15. A. What is the role of religion or art in a society?B. What is the main reason for revolution in a society?C. What are the causes of antisocial behavior?D. Why does one society progress more rapidl

12、y than another?16. A. Both psychology and sociology study human behavior.B. Mental problems should be dealt with by a sociologist.C. Sociology is the study of group behavior.D. Psychology pays more attention to individuals than to groups. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversati

13、on.17. A. It looks into opinions that people hold about old age.B. It is about how to keep healthy in old age.C. It investigates causes of old people s unhappiness.D. It reveals the secret of living longer.18. A. Arise people s awareness of caring for the old.B. Encourage people to be more responsib

14、le for the old.C. Help people change their feelings about old age.第 7页 共12页D. Ease peoples fear and anxiety about mental illness of the old.19. A. They are mostly among the 60-70 age group.B. They are mostly abandoned by their families.C. People do not become more lonely because of old age.D. People

15、 among any age group are not lonely at all.20. A. They are changing suddenly and completely at a particular age.B. It s hard to recognize a person when he is turning old.C. Old people can t deal with events and problems properly.D. People do not change in old age a lot more than in middle age.II. Gr

16、ammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each bl

17、ank.Aunt Jane is now well over seventy, but she is still a great cinema-goer. The cinema in our town closed down years ago and sometimes she has to travel twenty miles or more to see a good film. And once a month at least she goes up to London to see (21)(late)foreign films. Of course she could see

18、most of these films on television, but the idea does not attract her. “It isnt the same,” she says. “For one thing, the screen s too small. Besides, I like going to the cinema! ”However, one thing which has always puzzled us is that (22) Aunt Jane has lotsof friends and enjoys company, she always go

19、es to the cinema alone. We discovered the reason for this only recently from Mother. “It may surprise you to learn that Aunt Jane wanted to be an actress when she was young, ”she told us. “She used to wait outside film studios all day, just (23)(appear) in crowd scenes. Your aunt has probably appear

20、edin dozens of films. Sometimes she did not even know the name of the film they (24)(make). Therefore, she couldn t go to see (25) in the film at thecinema!“All the time, of course, she was looking for a small part in a film. Her big chance came (26) they started to make a film in our town. Jane man

21、aged to meet the director at aparty and he offered her (27) role as a shopkeeper. It really was a very small part,but it was an important moment for Jane. Before the great event, she rehearsed for days. In fact, she turned the sitting-room into a shop! We all had to help, going to and out of the sho

22、p (28) she could remember her words perfectly. And (29) the actual day shewas marvelous. Jane thought that this was the beginning of her film career!“Unfortunately, in the end, they did not include the shop scene in the film. But nobody told Jane! When the film first appeared in London, she took all

23、 her friends to see it. And of course she wasnt in it! It was a terrible blow! She stopped (30)(go) to film studiosand gave up the idea of becoming an actress. She still loves the cinema, as you all know, but from that day she has always gone alone! ”Section BDirections: Complete the following passa

24、ge by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. parallelB. curvesC. dutifullyD. guardE. transformingF. proceedingG. studiesH. perfectI. intenselyJ. moveK. randomizesWhether you re trying to be good at Photoshop, or step up your ten

25、nis game, or master a banjo （ 班卓琴 ） song, you rep robably 31 following the age-old advice that practice makes perfect. However, contrary to popular belief, doing the same thing over and over again might not be the most efficient way to learn foreign concepts.Traditionally, we re taught using the“ bl

26、ocking ” strategy. This instructs us to go over asingle idea again and again until we ve mastered 3it,2 b efotore the next concept. Butseveral new neurological （ 神经学的 ） 33 show that an up and coming learning method called “ interleaving” improves our ability to keep and perform new skills over any t

27、raditionalmeans by leaps and bounds.What interleaving does is to space out learning over a longer period of time, and it34the information we encounter when learning a new skill. So, for example, instead of learning one banjo chord at a time until you 35 it, you train in several at once and in shorte

28、r bursts.One of the practical ways you can use interleaving to train your brain to pick up new skills quickly and effectively is to practice multiple36 skills at once.Whether you retr ying to improve your motor skills or cognitive （ 认知的 ） learning abilities, the key to37 how your brain processes new

29、 information is to break out of thehabit of learning one part of a skill at a time. The advantage of this method is that your brain doesn t get comfortable or store information in your short-term memory. Instead, interleaving causes your brain to 38 focus and problem-solve every step of the way, res

30、ulting in information getting stored in your long-term memory instead.Interleaving doesn t cut any corners, so your brain is always on39 . Think of thedifference between blocking and interleaving like a boxer who practices one 40 over and over again versus a boxer who practices by sparring in the ri

31、ng. In the ring, you have to be ready for anything. It makes you faster and sharper.III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Sin

32、ce 1960, considerable scientific researches have been done on chimps in their natural habitats. Astonishingly, scientists have found out that the social41 of Chimps are verysimilar to humans. Chimps will 42 in certain ways, like gathering in war parties to protect their territory. But beyond the min

33、imum requirements as social beings, they have littleinstinct to 43 one another. Chimps in the wild seek food for themselves. Even chimp mothers regularly 44 to share food with their children. Who are able from a young age to gather their own food ？In the laboratory, chimps don t 45 share food either

34、. If a chimp is put in a cage where he can pull in one plate of food for himself or, with no greater effort, a plate that also provides food for a neighbor to the next cage, he will pull 46 he just doesn cta re whether his neighbor gets fed or not. Chimps are truly selfish.Human children, 47 , are e

35、xtremely cooperative. From the earliest ages, they decide to help others, to share information and to participate in achieving common goals. The psychologist Michael Tomasello has studied this48 in a series of experiments with veryyoung children. He finds that if babies aged 18 months see a worried

36、adult with hands full trying to open a door, almost all will immediately try to help.There are several reasons to believe that the urges to help, inform and share are not taught, but naturally 49 in young children. One is that these 50 appear at a very young age before most parents have started to t

37、rain their children to behave 51 . Another is that the helping behaviors are not improved if the children are rewarded. A third reason is that social intelligence52 in children before their general cognitive skills, at least whencompared with chimps. In tests conducted by Tomasello, the human childr

38、en did no better than the chimps on the53 world tests but were considerably better at understanding thesocial world.The core of what children s minds have and chimipss what Tom daosnello cta lls sharedintentionality. Part of this ability is that they can54 what others know or are thinking.But beyond

39、 that, even very young children want to be part of a shared purpose. They actively seek to be part of a “ we” , a group that intendtos work toward a(n) 55 goal.41.A. structuresB. policiesC. behaviorsD. responsibilities42.A. conflictB. cooperateC. offendD. negotiate43.A. trustB. contactC. isolateD. h

40、elp44.A. declineB. manageC. attemptD. oblige45.A. curiouslyB. reluctantlyC. naturallyD. carelessly46.A. in turnB. at randomC. with careD. in advance47.A. all in allB. as a resultC. in no caseD. on the other hand48.A. cooperativenessB. availabilityC. interrelationshipD. attractiveness49.A. cultivated

41、B. motivatedC. possessedD. stimulated50.A. attitudesB. instinctsC. experiencesD. coincidences51.A. creativelyB. formallyC. sociallyD. competitively52.A. developsB. decreasesC. changesD. disappears53.A. abstractB. invisibleC. imaginaryD. physical54.A. inferB. adaptC. absorbD. balance55.A. realisticB.

42、 sharedC. specificD. ambitiousSection BDirections: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you ha

43、ve just read.（A）If a diver surfaces too quickly, he may suffer the bends. Nitrogen （氮 ） dissolved in his blood is suddenly liberated by the reduction of pressure. The consequence, if the bubbles accumulate （ 累积 ） in a joint, is sharp pain and a bent body thus the name. If the bubbles form in his lun

44、gs or his brain, the consequence can be death.Other air-breathing animals also suffer this decompression （减压 ） sickness if they surface too fast: whales, for example. And so, long ago, did ichthyosaurs.That these ancient sea animals got the bends can be seen from their bones. If bubbles of nitrogen

45、form inside the bone they can cut off its blood supply. This kills the cells in the bone, and consequently weakens it, sometimes to the point of collapse. Fossil bones that have caved in on themselves are thus a sign that the animal once had the bends.Bruce Rothschild of the University of Kansas kne

46、w all this when he began a study of ichthyosaur bones to find out how widespread the problem was in the past. What he particularly wanted to investigate was how ichthyosaurs adapted to the problem of decompression over the 150 million years. To this end, he and his colleagues traveled the world nsa

47、tural-history museums, looking at hundreds of ichthyosaurs from the Triassic period and from the later Jurassic and Cretaceous periods.When he started, he assumed that signs of the bends would be rarer in younger fossils, reflecting their gradual evolution of measures to deal with decompression. Ins

48、tead, he was astonished to discover the opposite. More than 15% of Jurassic and Cretaceous ichthyosaurs had suffered the bends before they died, but not a single Triassic specimen （标本 ） showed evidence of that sort of injury.If ichthyosaurs did evolve an anti-decompression means, they clearly did so

49、 quickly and, most strangely, they lost it afterwards. But that is not what Dr. Rothschild thinks happened. He suspects it was evolution in other animals that caused the change.Whales that suffer the bends often do so because they have surfaced to escape a predator （ 掠食性动物 ） such as a large shark. O

50、ne of the features of Jurassic oceans was an abundance of large sharks and crocodiles, both of which were fond of ichthyosaur lunches. Triassic oceans, by contrast, were mercifully shark and crocodile-free. In the Triassic, then, ichthyosaurs were top of the food chain. In the Jurassic and Cretaceou

51、s, they were prey （猎物 ） as well as predator and often had to make a speedy exit as a result.56. Which of the following is a typical symptom of the bends?A. A twisted body.B. A gradual decrease in blood supply.C. A sudden release of nitrogen in blood.D. A drop in blood pressure.57. The purpose of Rot

52、hschild s study _is_ t_o_ s_e_e_.A. how often ichthyosaurs caught the bendsB. how ichthyosaurs adapted to decompressionC. why ichthyosaurs bent their bodiesD. when ichthyosaurs broke their bones58. Rothschild s finding stated in Paragrap _h_ 4.A. confirmed his assumptionB. speeded up his research pr

53、ocessC. disagreed with his assumptionD. changed his research objectives59. Rothschild might have concluded that ichthyosaurs .A. failed to evolve an anti-decompression meansB. gradually developed measures against the bendsC. died out because of large sharks and crocodilesD. evolved an anti-decompres

54、sion means but soon lost it(B)However wealthy we may be, we can never find enough hours in the day to do everything we want. Economics deals with this problem through the concept of opportunity cost, which simply refers to whether someones time or money could be better spent on something else.Every

55、hour of our time has a value. For every hour we work at one job we could quite easily be doing another, or be sleeping or watching a film. Each of these options has a different opportunity cost namely, what they cost us in missed opportunities.Say you intend to watch a football match but the tickets

56、 are expensive and it will take you a couple of hours to get to and from the stadium. Why not, you might reason, watch the game from home and use the leftover money and time to have dinner with friends? This the alternative use of your cash and time is the opportunity cost.For economists, every deci

57、sion is made by knowledge of what one must forgo in terms of money and enjoyment in order to take it up. By knowing precisely what you are receiving and what you are missing out on, you ought to be able to make better-informed, more reasonable decisions. Consider that most famous economic rule of al

58、l: there s no such thing as a free lunch. Even if someone offers to take you out to lunch for free, the time you will spend in the restaurant still costs you something in terms of forgone opportunities.Some people find the idea of opportunity cost extremely discouraging: imagine spending your entire life calculating whe