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1、精品文档狂奔的蜗牛normal stress,法向应力oedometer curve ,压缩曲线optimum moisture content,最优含水率piping ,管涌plastic limit,塑限plasticity index,塑性指标pore water pressure,孔隙水压力porosity,空隙率principal stress,主应力proctor compaction test ,普氏击实试验 relative density ,相对密度sand replacement method,罐砂法saturability(saturation degree,percen

2、t saturation),饱和度saturated unit weight,饱和容重seepage deformation, 渗透变形seepage force(seepage pressure),渗透力seepage line ,渗透线seepage speed ,渗透速度shear stress,切向应力(剪应力)shrinkage limit,缩限skip(gap,jump) grading,间断级配。1欢迎下载精品文档2006-7-12 00:05狂奔的蜗牛specific gravity of soil particle,土粒比重steady seepage field,稳定渗流场

3、stress path ,应力路径total strength envelope,总强度包线triaxial compression test,三轴压缩试验unconfined compression strength,无侧限压缩试验unconsolidated undrained test,不固结不排水剪(快剪)试验variable head method,变水头法void(pore) ratio,空隙比water replacement method,罐水法wet density,湿密度、其他建筑材料钢筋( steel )bending and unbending,反复弯曲cold ben

4、ding test,冷弯试验elongation test,拉伸试验nominal diameter,公称直径ratio of elongation,伸长率relaxation test,松弛试验steel strand,钢绞线。2欢迎下载精品文档tensile yield strength,抗拉屈服强度ultimate tensile strength,极限抗拉强度2006-7-12 00:07狂奔的蜗牛木材( wood)crushing strength parallel to the grain,顺纹抗压强度tensile strength parallel to the grain,顺

5、纹抗拉强度crushing strength across the grain,横纹抗压强度tensile strength across the grain,横纹抗拉强度沥青( asphalt )brittle temperature test,脆化点试验expansion test,延伸度试验penetration test,针入度试验softening point test,软化点试验test of aging,老化试验viscosity test,粘滞性试验、质量管理( quality management )average ,平均值deviation standard(error o

6、f mean squares),均方差deviation coefficient(dispersion coefficient),离差系数index of correlation,相关系数management limit ,管理界限。3欢迎下载精品文档mathematic statistics,数理统计maximum,最大值minimum,最小值normal distribution,正态分布2006-7-13 21:29狂奔的蜗牛quality assurance,质量保证quality examination,质量检测regression curve,回归曲线relative dampne

7、ss,相对湿度sample capacity ,样本容量sample frequency,取样频率specimen,样品statistical analysis,统计分析technical specification,技术规范technical standard,技术标准testing circumstance,试验环境testing error ,试验误差testing regulation,试验规程variance analysis,方差分析地质( geology )地质年代( geochronology of geologic ages)。4欢迎下载精品文档Archaeozoic era

8、(erathem),太古代(界)Proterozoic era(erathem),元古代(界)Palaeozoic era(erathem),古生代(界)Mesozoic era (erathem),中生代(界)Cenozoic era (erathem),新生代(界)Sinian period(system),震旦纪(系)2006-7-13 21:31狂奔的蜗牛Cambrian period (system),寒武纪(系)PreCambrian period(system)前寒武纪(系)Ordovician period(system),奥陶纪(系)Silurian period(syste

9、m),志留纪(系)Devonian period(system),泥盆纪(系)Carboniferous period(system),石炭纪(系)Permian period (system),二叠纪(系)Triassic period(system),三叠纪(系)Jurassic period(system),侏罗纪(系)Cretaceous period(system),白垩纪(系)Tertiary period(system),第三纪(系)Quaternary period(system),第四纪(系)地质构造( geologic structure)fault,断层。5欢迎下载精品文

10、档normal fault,正断层reversed fault,逆断层paralled fault,平移断层gouge,断层泥stria,擦痕joint,节理primary joint,原生节理secondary ,次生节理tension joint, 张节理2006-7-13 21:37狂奔的蜗牛unloading joint,卸荷节理schistosity,片理bedding ,层理foliation,板理(叶理)ripple mark,波痕mud crack ,泥痕rain print,雨痕orientation of bedrock,岩层产状strike,走向dip ,倾向angle

11、of dip(dip angle),倾角。6欢迎下载精品文档fold ,褶皱anticline,背斜syncline ,向斜monocline (homocline ),单斜dome,穹隆soft stratum,软弱岩层zone of fracture(broken zone ),破碎带affected zone,影响带platy structure,板状构造cleavage ,解理fracture(rupture ),断裂2006-7-13 21:46狂奔的蜗牛fissure(crack ,fracture),裂隙岩石类型( rock type)petrology ,岩石学igneous

12、rock,火成岩magmatic rock ,岩浆岩lava (vocanic rock),火山岩intrusive(invade )rock ,侵入岩effusive rock,喷出岩plutonic rock,深成岩。7欢迎下载精品文档pypabyssal rock,浅成岩acid rock,酸性岩inter-mediate rock,中性盐basic rock,基性岩ultrabasic rock,超基性岩granite ,花岗岩porphyry ,斑岩porphyrite,玢岩rhyolite,流纹岩syenite ,正长岩trachyte ,粗面岩diorite, 闪长岩andesi

13、te ,安山岩2006-7-13 21:49狂奔的蜗牛gabbro ,辉长岩basalt ,玄武岩aplite,细晶岩pegmatite ,伟晶岩lamprophyre ,煌斑岩diabase ,辉绿岩dunite ,橄榄岩。8欢迎下载精品文档pumice,浮岩sedimentary rock,沉积岩clastic,碎屑岩clay rock,黏土岩chemical rock,化学岩biolith,生物岩conglomerate ,砾岩siltstone,粉砂岩mudstone,泥岩shale ,页岩saline rock,岩盐limestone ,石灰岩dolomite ,白云岩marl ,泥

14、灰岩volcanic breccia,火山角砾岩2006-7-13 21:49狂奔的蜗牛volcanic agglomerate,火山块集岩tuff ,凝灰岩metamorphic rock ,变质岩slate ,板岩phyllite,千枚岩。9欢迎下载精品文档schist ,片岩gneiss ,片麻岩quartzite,石英岩marble ,大理岩mylonite ,糜棱岩migmatite ,混合岩cataclasite,碎裂岩sediment (deposit ),沉积物、沉积层boulder ,漂石、顽石cobble ,卵石gravel ,砾石sand,砂silt,粉土clay ,粘土

15、sandy clay ,砂质粘土clayey sand ,粘质砂土sandy loam ,壤土、亚黏土2006-7-13 21:52狂奔的蜗牛regolith(topsoil),浮土(表土)loess ,黄土laterite,红土。10欢迎下载精品文档peat ,泥炭ooze,软泥(海泥)造岩矿物( rock-forming minerals)talc ,滑石gypsum,海石calcite,方解石fluorite,萤石apatite,磷灰石feldspar ,长石quartz ,石英topaz ,黄玉corundum,刚玉diamand,金刚石orthoclase,正长石plagloclas

16、e,斜长石biotite,黑云母muscovite ,白云母amphibole ,角闪石phroxene ,辉石2006-7-13 22:00狂奔的蜗牛。11欢迎下载精品文档olivine,橄榄石dolomite ,白云石kaolinite,高岭石montmorillonite,蒙脱石bentonite ,斑脱石(膨润土)illite,依砾石garnet ,石榴子石chlorite,绿泥石serpentine ,蛇纹石pyrite,黄铁矿hematite , 赤铁矿magnetite ,磁铁矿limonite,褐铁矿工程地质( engineering geology)geotechnics (

17、geotechnique ),土工学、土工技术、岩石工程rock mechanics ,岩石力学soil mechanics,土力学geomechanics,地质力学(岩石力学)engineering geological conditions,工程地质条件engineering geological problems,工程地质问题rock mass structure,岩体结构geographic and geomorphic conditions,地形地貌条件。12欢迎下载精品文档2006-7-13 22:04狂奔的蜗牛geophysical phenomenon ,物理地质现象hydro

18、geological conditions ,水文地质条件 natural materials ,天然材料 reservoir ,水库settlement,沉降displacement ,位移deformation ,变形tectonic stress,构造应力residual stress,残余应力angle of internal friction,内摩擦角cohesion ,内聚力(凝聚力、粘聚力)pressure tunnel,压力隧洞underground cavern/cavity,地下洞室overburden ,覆盖物bed rock (base rock ,foundation

19、 rock),基岩firm rock(sound rock ),硬岩weak rock (soft rock),软岩interbed ,夹层zone of fracture(broken zones ),破碎带homogeneity ,均质性。13欢迎下载精品文档nonhomogeneity (heterogeneity),非均质性isotropy,各向同性2006-7-13 22:06狂奔的蜗牛anisotropy,各向异性矿物质的物理性质( physical character of minerals)hardness ,硬度luster,光泽color ,颜色transparency (

20、pellucidity),透明度streak ,条痕rent (fracture),断口crystal form,晶形岩石学( petrology )classification,分类structure,构造texture ,结构fabric,组成mineral composition,矿物组成crystalline,结晶质amorphous substance ,非晶质fossil,化石。14欢迎下载精品文档degree of rounding,磨圆度degree of grains,粒度地层地貌( stratum and physiognomy)basin ,盆地2006-7-13 22:

21、12狂奔的蜗牛river valley,河谷river bed,河床topography ,地形terrain,地势attitude,产状rock base (batholite),岩基rock stock,岩株rock flow,岩流rock loccolith,岩盖rock lopolith,岩盆rock dike,岩墙rock sill,岩床vein dyke ,岩脉sediment (deposit ),沉积物(层)alluvium ,冲击物(层)proluvium (diluvium ),洪积物(层)。15欢迎下载精品文档deluvium ,坡积物(层)eluvium ,残积物(层)

22、eolian deposit,风积物(层)lake deposit,湖积物(层)marine deposit,海积物(层)glacial(drift)deposit ,冰川沉积物(层)2006-7-14 00:12狂奔的蜗牛colluvial deposit(colluvium ),崩积物(层)cross-bedding ,交错层geologic structure,地质构造geotectonics,大地构造学graben ,地堑horst ,地垒cordance (conformity),整合discordance (unconformity ),不整合deceptive cordance/

23、conformity,假整合地质作用( physical geology action)weathering ,风化erosion ,侵岩transportation,搬运deposition/sediment,沉积。16欢迎下载精品文档denudation ,剥蚀corrasion ,磨蚀corrosion ,腐蚀dissolution,溶蚀landslide,滑坡collapse (rock fall),崩塌mud flow ,泥石流earthquake ,地震2006-7-14 00:13狂奔的蜗牛intensity,烈度magnitude ,震级水文( hydrology )groun

24、d water (subsurface water),地下水surface water,地表水atmospheric water,大气水runoff ,径流fresh water(plain water,sweet water ),淡水river flow/discharge,河水流量peak flood flow,洪峰流量flood out flow,洪水下卸流量dry season ,枯水季。17欢迎下载精品文档wet season ,丰水季flood (raining )season,汛期non-flood season,非汛期5% frequency flood,20 年一遇洪水flo

25、od control,防汛(二)工程施工、机电类金属结构( hydromechanical work)闸门( gate )service gate,工作门emergency gate ,事故门2006-7-14 00:22狂奔的蜗牛maintenance gate ,检修门sector gate,弧型闸门eccentric hinge sector gate,偏心铰弧型闸门plane gate ,平面闸门fixed wheel plane gate,定轮平面闸门trashrack ,拦污栅trash rake,清污机预埋件( embedded parts )sill,底坎main guide

26、,主轨。18欢迎下载精品文档auxiliary guide,副轨reverse guide,反轨side guide,侧轨lintel,门楣steel liner,钢衬high pressure water pipe,高压冲水管pressure balance water pipe,冲水平压管组件 / 部件( assembly/parts )gate leaf,门叶crank ,拐臂arm,支臂seal ,水封2006-7-14 00:25狂奔的蜗牛main seal ,主水封top seal, 顶水封side seal,侧水封bottom seal,底水封auxiliary seal,辅助水

27、封,节流器clip plate,压板slide block,滑块reverse slide block,反向滑块。19欢迎下载精品文档side slide block,侧向滑块fixed wheel,定轮main wheel , 主轮side wheel ,侧轮ballast,配重lifting ear,吊耳lifting link,拉杆trunnion ,支铰hinge ,铰链hinged support,铰座hinged shaft,铰轴cover ,端盖trunnion beam ,支铰梁dogging beam,锁定量2006-7-14 00:30狂奔的蜗牛启闭机( hoist )wi

28、re rope hoist,固定卷扬机hydraulic hoist,液压启闭机monorail hoist,单轨启闭机overhead crane ,桥机bridge crane,桥机。20欢迎下载精品文档support frame,机架reducer ,减速器motor ,电动机pulley ,滑轮live pulley,动滑轮fixed pulley,定滑轮equalizer pulley,平衡滑轮drum,卷筒steel wire rope,钢丝绳position sensor,高度传感器load sensor,荷载传感器brake ,制动器hydraulic system,液压系统o

29、il cylinder,油缸piston rod,活塞缸pump station ,泵站2006-7-14 00:31狂奔的蜗牛oil tank,油箱pipe ,管道filter,过滤器accumulator ,蓄能器。21欢迎下载精品文档lubricating oil,润滑油valve ,阀logic valve,逻辑阀check valve ,单向阀ball valve,球阀cartridge valve,插装阀solenoid operated directional valve,电磁换向阀门式起重机( gantry crane)rail,轨道lifting mechanism,起升机构

30、traveling mechanism,运行机构inspection trolley,检修小车gantry ,门架support column ,门腿primary beam ,主梁bridge beam ,横梁cross beam ,端梁2006-7-14 00:43狂奔的蜗牛side beam ,边梁lifting beam,起吊梁hook,吊勾。22欢迎下载精品文档buffer ,缓冲装置rail clamping device,夹轨器driving wheel,主动轮driven wheel,从动轮其他( others )abnormal vibration,反常震动activate,

31、激活anti-clockwise,逆时针anticorrosion,防腐carry on ,继续进行carry out, 执行clockwise ,顺时针commissioning ,试运行concentricity deviation,同心度偏差connect ,连接debris ,碎片de-energize ,断电detect ,探测dry test,无水试验2006-7-14 00:45狂奔的蜗牛。23欢迎下载精品文档dynamic loading test,动载试验energize ,给加电erection ,架立expansion ,伸展fasten ,扣紧fit,安装flowing

32、 water,动水gate closure,闭门gate opening ,启门gate position restoration,门卫恢复idle test,空载试验impact ,碰撞in pressure balance condition,平压条件下lift into position,将起吊到位locate ,定位lower ,降下manual operation,手动操作noise ,噪声note ,记录operating gap,运作间隙pack,衬垫particle,微粒。24欢迎下载精品文档2006-7-14 00:46狂奔的蜗牛perform ,执行position acc

33、urately,精确定位precise ,精确的pre-set ,预留,预置press button,按下按纽progressively,逐渐的purity,纯度push,推reliable,可靠的residual oil,余油retraction,回缩run ,运行secure ,保护sensitive,反应灵敏的separately or simultaneously,单独或同时的set up ,架设setting,设置,读数shim,薄垫片slack ,松弛static loading test,静载试验。25欢迎下载精品文档still water,静水switch off,切断2006

34、-7-14 00:49狂奔的蜗牛synchronize ,同步tighten,拧紧under water head condition,水压作用条件下wet test,有水试验焊接和无损检验( welding and nondestructive test)焊接( welding )arc strike,引弧、弧伤arc welding,电弧焊automatic welding,自动焊back gouging ,背面清根backing ,垫板base metal ,母材build-up welding,堆焊,补焊butt joint,对接接头carbon rode ,炭棒complete fu

35、sion,完全融合corner joint,角接接头covered electrode,涂料焊条。26欢迎下载精品文档coupon,试件direct current electrode negative(DCEN),直流电极接负direct current electrode positive(DCEP),直流电极接正double welding,双面焊2006-7-14 00:50 狂奔的蜗牛 double-bevel groove weld ,双斜边坡口焊缝 double-j groove weld ,双面 J 型坡口焊缝double-u groove weld,双面 U型坡口焊缝doub

36、leVee groove weld ,双面 V 型坡口焊缝electrode ,焊条,电极electrode holder,焊钳electrosgas welding,电气焊electroslag welding,电渣焊filler metal,填充金属fillet weld,角焊缝、full fillet weld,大填角焊缝flat welding,平焊flux ,焊剂flux cored arc welding,药芯焊丝弧焊forehand welding,左焊法friction welding,摩擦焊。27欢迎下载精品文档full penetration weld,全融透焊缝fusio

37、n ,熔合fusion line,熔合线groove weld ,坡口焊缝heat affected zone,热影响区horizontal welding,横焊2006-7-14 00:52狂奔的蜗牛lap joint,搭接接头machine welding ,机器焊manual welding ,手工焊overhead welding,仰焊oxyfuel gas cutting(OFC),氧燃料气割oxyfuel gas welding(OFW),氧燃料气焊partial penetration weld,非全熔透焊缝pass,焊道peening ,锤击plasma arc welding

38、,等离子弧焊plug weld ,塞焊porosity,气孔posdtheading ,后热postweld head treatment,焊后热处理。28欢迎下载精品文档preheating ,预热resistance welding,电阻焊seal weld ,密封焊缝seam welding ,焊缝semi-automatic welding,半自动焊缝single-bevel groove weld,单斜边坡口焊缝single-J groove weld,单面 J 型坡口焊缝single-U groove weld,单面 U型坡口焊缝2006-7-14 00:54狂奔的蜗牛single

39、-V groove weld ,单面 V 型坡口焊缝 slag inclusion ,夹渣 spot welding ,点焊square groove weld,直坡口焊缝submerged arc welding,埋弧焊tack welding,定位焊undercut ,咬边vertical welding,立焊weld bead ,焊道weldment,焊件无损检验( nondestructive testing)angled beam ,斜射波。29欢迎下载精品文档back scatter,背散射calibration block,校准试块cleaning agent,清洗剂contact beam ,接触剂couplaut ,偶合剂crimp ,褶皱definition,清晰度delayed sweep ,延时扫描detergent ,去污剂developer ,显像剂2006-7-14 00:54狂奔的蜗牛double-wall viewing,双壁透照echo,回波eddy cu

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