全新版大学英语第二版综合教程4课后答案全

1、Unit 12) at the cost of4) limp6) regions8) siegeText Organization P11:. FParagraphsMain Ideastt；-Part OneParas 1-2Introduction Both Napoleons and Hitlers military campaigns failed because of the severity of the Russian winter.Part TwoParas 3-11Napoleons military campaign against RussiaPartThreeParas

2、 12-20Hitlers military campaign against the Soviet UnionPart FourPara 21Conclusion The elements of nature must be reckoned with in any military campaign.2SectionsParagraphsMain IdeasSection OneParas 12-13Hitlers blitzkrieg against Russia and Stalins scorched earth policySection TwoParas 14-18the bat

3、tles fought at Leningrad, Moscow and StalingradSectionParas 19-20the Russian counter-offensive and the outcome of the warOf theewarP14 VocabularyI.1.1) alliance3) stroke5) minus7)declarations9) raw10) bide his time11) have taken their toll12) in the case ofP15 2.1) is faced with2) get bogged down3)

4、is pressing on / pressed on4) drag on5) get by6) dine out7) have cut back8) get throughP163. 1) The rapid advance in gene therapy maylead to the conquest of cancer in the near future.2) Production in many factories has been brought to a halt by the delayed arrival of raw materials due to the dock wo

5、rkers strike.3) Sara has madeup her mind that her leisure interests will/should never get in the way of her career.4) Obviously the reporters questioncaught the foreign minister offguard.5) The introduction of the electronic calculator has rendered the slide rule out of date / obsolete.4. 1) Being f

6、aced with an enemy forces much superior to ours, we had to give up theoccupation of big cities andretreat to.the rural and mountainousregions to build up our bases.2) Unity iscrucial_to_ the efficientoperation of an organization.Failure to reckon with this problem will weaken its strength. In many c

7、ases, work may be brought to a halt by constant internal struggle in an organization.3) The RedArmyfought a heroic battle at Stalingrad and wonthe decisive victory against the Germans. In fact, this battle turned the tide in the Second World War. During this famous battle, the Soviet troops withstoo

8、d the Germansiege and weakenedthe Germanarmy by launching a series of counterattacks.P17 II. More Synonyms in Context1) During the First World War, battles occurred here and there over vast areas. Some of themost dramatic fighting took place in the gloomy trenches of France and Belgium.2) Elizabeth

9、made careful preparations for the interview and her efforts / homework paid off.3)1 spent hours trying to talk him into accepting the settlement, but heturned a deaf ear to all mywords.4) Pneumonia had severely weakened her body, and I wondered how her fragile body could withstand the harsh weather.

10、P18 III. Usage1) But often it is not until we fall ill that we finally learn to appreciate good health.2) A rich old lady lay dead at homefor two weeks and nobody knewanything about it.3) Its said he dropped dead from a heart attack when he was at work4)Dont sit too close to the fire to keep warm-yo

11、u could easily get burned, especially if you fall asleep.5)In those days people believed in marrying young and having children early.6)Little Tom was unable to sit still for longer than a few minutes.P19 Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze2. stand in the way4. catching. off his guard6. declaration8. dra

12、g on(A)1. invasion3. Conquest5. launching7. campaign9 . reckon with10.bringing.to a10 .bring -to a haltP19- (B)1. allow2.reckoned3. highly4.forecasts5. rapidly6.instant7. delivery8.advantage9. observing10.PowerfulP20 II. Translation1. Mr. Doherty and his familyare currently engaged in getting the au

13、tumnharvest in on the farm.2. We must not underestimate the enemy. They are equipped with the most sophisticated weapons.3. Having been cut of a job/Not having had a job for 3months, Phil is getting increasingly desperate .4. Sam, as the project manager, is decisive, efficient , and accurate in his

14、judgment.5. Since the chemical plant was identified as the source of solution, the village neighborhood committee decided to close it down at the cost of 100 jobs.The offensive had already lasted three days, but we had not gained much ground. The division commander instructed our battalion to get ar

15、ound to the rear of the enemy and launch a surprise attack. To do so, however, we had to cross a marshland and many of us were afraid we might get bogged down in the mud. Our battalion commander decided to take a gamble. Luckly enough,thanks to the severe cold weather which made the marsh froze over

16、, we arrived at our destination before dawn and began attacking the enemy from the rear. This turned the tide of the battle. The enemy, caught off guard, soon surrendered.Part III TextB .Comprehension Check1. d2.3. bd 4.Translation(#JE Appendix III)Language Practice1. boast3. was concerned5. paid of

17、f7. are contesting9. holdout11. responsible for13. favorable15. on the eve of17. complications19. withstand2. obstacles4. call .off6. was pinned8. pownto10. objective12. in case14. due to16. cancel18. stiff20. absentPart IV Theme-Related Language Learning TasksWriting StrategyTick which of the follo

18、wing is more convincing:I t was reported that General Eisenhower, though indecisive sometimes, had nohesitation in ordering the assault on Normandy.V Eisenhowers chief of staff, Brigadier General Water BedellSmith, later wrote:. He sat there . tense, weighing every consideration.Finally he looked up

19、, and the tension was gone from his face. He said briskly, well, well go.P28 Model PaperCan Man Triumph over Nature?Whenpeople talk of mantriumphing over nature, manythings cometo mind. Onethinks of successes in medicine in the fight against disease, such as the invention of antibiotics and the prom

20、ise held out by advances in biogenetic engineering. On a broader scale, one thinks of mans success in harnessing new forms of energy from steam power through oil to nuclear power.Yet, nature has often hit back in unexpected ways to these attempts to tame it. New forms ofdisease that are resistant to

21、 antibiotics are constantly developing. Burning fossil fuels has led to fears of global warming; while nuclear power has produced dangerous waste that will remain a hazard for generations to come.However, perhaps to talk of man triumphing over nature is the wrong way to look at the matter. We need t

22、o find ways to work with nature rather than forever fighting against it.(154 words)Unit 2Text org. Ex. 2 On P381. Smart cars can see, hear, feel, smell, talk, and act;2. They can eliminate most of car accidents3. They can alert the police and provide precise location of your car if stolen4. They can

23、 monitor one s driving and the driving conditions nearby;5. They can alert the driver who feels drowsy;6. They can locate your car precisely and warn of traffic jams.Language Sense Enhancement on P 38-391) cure2) impact 3) orbiting4) warn of5) location 6) At any given time7)vibrate 8) detected 9) ca

24、lculate 10) converted1. Vocabulary: Ex.1 on P41-421 .expansion 2. automated 3. vapor 4. take control of5. hazards 6. satellite 7.vibrated8.magnetic9. bunched 10. in the air 11. got/was stuck in 12.approximatelyVocabulary: Ex.2 on P425. starting up1. send out2. stand up for 3. pass for 4. were closin

25、g in on6. went through 7. fill out8. fall intoVocabulary:Ex.3 on P431) incorporates all the latest safety features.2) two trees ten feet apart.3) awarding lucrative contracts to his construction firm.4) the prototype of a new model before they set up a factory to make thecars.5) are correlated in al

26、l racial groups.Vocabulary:Ex.4 on P431) the application, remote, has turned into a reality, are poised to2) that vibrate, can detect, frequency3) lanes, are mounted in, alert a, hazardII. Word Formation on P45KilogramMedical careMemorandumElectronic mailGymnasiumCommunications satelliteLiberationNe

27、ws broadcastDoctorSky hijackVeterinarianEuropean dollarPreparatoryBreakfast and lunchAutomobileTelevision broadcastinfluenzaOxford and CambridgeIII. Usage on P45-461 ) swimming pool2 ) drawing board3 ) enriched Middle English4 ) disturbing change5 ) fully developed prototype6 ) Canned foods7 ) worki

28、ng population8 ) puzzling differencesComprehensive Exs.: I. cloze1. Text-related on P461) computerized 2) start up3) be poised to4) alert5) hazards6) monotonous7) take control of8) steer 9) lane 10) decrease 11) calculate 12) eliminate13) getting stuck in 14) mounted 15) detect 16) vapor2. Theme-rel

29、ated on P471) generates 2) related 3) revolutionized 4) enabled5) opportunities 6) overall 7)manufacturing8) dependent 9) interact 10) fatalitiesII. TranslationEx. 1 on P47-481) There was an unusual quietness in the air , except for the sound of artillery in the distance.2) The expansion of urban ar

30、eas in some African countries has been causing a significant fall in living standards and an increase in social problems.3) The research shows that atmospheric carbon dioxide levelsare closelycorrelated with global temperatures.4) The frequency of the bus has been improved from 15 to 12 minute recen

31、tly.5) The diver stood on the edge of the diving board,poised to jump at thesignal from the coach.Translation : Ex. 2 on P48Automobileshave, since their invention, revolutionizedtransportation, changing forever the way people live, travel, and do business. On the other hand, they have brought hazard

32、s , especially highway fatalities. However, today the applicationof computer technology andelectronic sensors in designing and manufacturing cars makes it possible to eliminate most of traffic accidents. For example, electronic sensors mounted in your car can detect alcohol vapor in the air and refu

33、se to start up the engine. They can also monitor road conditions by receiving radio signals sent out from orbiting satellites and greatly reduce your chances of getting stuck in traffic jams.UNIT3Language Sense Enhancement on P721) checked with 2) interview 3) grill 4) clippings5) be right for 6) fo

34、llow up 7) indicating8) hand-delivered 9) prepared 10) prospectiveLanguag e focusVoc. Ex. 1 on P751) rude 2) physically 3) structure4) made a difference 5) blurted (out) 6) chuckling7) Measurable 8) prospective 9) preparations10) Sparkled 11) took a crack at 12) partnerVoc. Ex. 2&3 on P76 Ex. 2.1) g

35、o after 2) look back at/on 3) be put up4) stood for 5) build in 6) follow up7) be hooked up to 8) closed up Ex. 3.1) grilled her about where she had been all night2) beyond Cinderella s wildest dreams that she could one day dance in the King s palace3) will be in readers hands soon4) do your homewor

36、k before going on an interview.5) was in the neighborhood of 150 dollars. Voc . Ex. 4 on P771) applicants, veteran, the prospective2) From his standpoint, has made every endeavor to goafter3) as the saying goes, to have a crack at, barelyII. Words with Multiple Meanings on P 781. Behave 2. used to a

37、void repetition 3. clean4. get along 5. perform/complete 6. perform/complete7. Study 8. be enough 9. be acceptableiii. Usage on P79-801. There is so much to say and it is hard to know where to begin.OK,I ll talk about myself first.2. Thank you very much, John, for your beautiful Christmas card. Byth

38、e way, I have something here for you.3. The new computer language can be quite easily understood by anyone whocan read the daily newspaper. Now, why is this an advantage?4. I m going to work out the outline and will let you know how it goes.Bythe way , I will see you in February, as I plan to attend

39、 your seminar in Shanghai.5. OK, you got the job. Now, how to maximize your profits with as little effort as possible?6. Chris is back from Australia. Incidentally, those pictures you sent me are wonderful.Comprehensive Exercises Cloze 1. Text-related on P80(1) Prospective (2)As I see it(3) done you

40、r homework (4) beforehand(5) Endeavor (6) structure(7) Partners (8) Respond(9) take a crack (10) from the standpoint(11) make a difference (12) follow up 2. Theme-related on P81(1) encouraging(2) inquiry(3) relevant (4) samples(5) references (6) advice(7) preparing (8) seriously(9) probably (10) exh

41、ibitTranslation on P81-82in this emergency landing,taxiing for only a short1) Despite the inadequate length of the airstrip the veteran pilot managed to stop the plane after while.2) Grilled by the reporters, the movie star eventuallyblurted(out) thatshe had undergone two plastic surgeries.3) Wehave

42、 the technology and our partner has the capital.Working together, we ll have the future in our hands .4) If I had known beforehand that you would bring so many friends home, I would have made better preparations. You see, I have barely enough food and drinks for a snack.5) People gave generously upo

43、n learning that new school rooms with stronger structures were to be built in the earthquake-stricken area.Translation 2. on P82Well begun, half done, as the saying goes. It is extremely important for a job applicant to do his homework while seeking employment. From my standpoint , whether or not on

44、e has done his homework clearly makes a difference in his chance of success.I have a friend who is earning somewhere in theneighborhood of100,000 dollars a years in a large computer software company. He told me that from his own experience the decision makers whointerview prospective employees like

45、people who are well prepared. Those who make noendeavorto learn as much about his prospective employer as possible don t havemuch of a chance of success.Part III Home Reading Task Comprehension Check on P87 1.b 2.c 3.a 4.a 5.a 6.b Translation on P871 .父母亲都觉得我不会被录用。“你要有后台才行。那可是一家美国机构，洛克菲 勒基金会。你一定要有后台

46、。”2 .当然，不工作就没饭吃，除非嫁人，那叫做“终于有了归宿。”3 .她留着新式的发型，是我所喜欢的那种满头卷发竖立着的式样，穿着下摆印有花 纹的裙子。由于她怀孕已快足月，所以她向我走过来时似乎是她的肚子最先到达我 的面前。4 .我跟哈德先生说了，你刚才是因害羞不安而没法做记录的。他挺不错的，只要慢 慢习惯起来就行了Language Practice Ex. 1. on P881) g 2)f 3) a 4) e 5) h 6) b 7) c 8) d Ex. 2. on P88-891) intricate 2) came at3) administration 4) benign5) g

47、et in 6) scraps7) brand 8) carved9) coiled 10) quivered11) take on 12) put in a (good) word P90 Model Application LetterRm.316,New College DormitoryXuanwu University,2270 Zhongshan Road Nanjing,Jiangsu,210008Tel 025)9709399Email:hqin.August 25,2010Dr.Guoliang LiDirctor of the Human Resources OfficeS

48、hanghai Star20F,Huaihai Building200 Huaihai Road(Middle)Shanghai 200021Dear Dr.Li,In searching for employment opportunities on the Internetlearned of a job vacancy in the Public Affairs Reporting Section of your newspaper. I believe that my qualificationsmatch the requirements you have listed forthe

49、 position.As a journalism major at Xuanwu University in Nanjing, my academic training has enabled me to develop my writing and editing skills,particularly in the reporting of public affairs. At college,English, Reporting Public Affairs, Advertising and Public Relations have been my favorite subjects

50、. I would like to utilize my interests and training to the fullest through working on a newspaper as well-known as your own.My resume reflects my experience as a journalistic intern with two newspapers in Nanjing. While working there I did both research work and reporting. I greatly enjoyed work as

51、a professional reporter and the challenge of writing to deadlines,all of which I successfully met.I have won several awards for my journalistic work and was admitted to the Journalists Association of Jiangsu Province last year. I wasthe vice chairman of the Students Union in myuniversity for two yea

52、rs. The enclosed resume provides further information about my experience and background.I wonder if it would be possible for us to meet one of these days so that you could learnmore about me and I could find out more about the specificsof the job. Please call me anytime on (025)9709399 Monday throug

53、h Friday.Thank you for your time and consideration.Sincerely, Hong QinUnit 4Text AText rganization1. P103PartsParagraphsMain IdeasPart OneParas 1-3Introduction to Davos Man and the WorldEconomic ForumPart TwoParas 4-5Debate over the impact of globalization on current society and culturePart Three pp

54、ppPIIhreParas 6-8History of globalization and its recent trends and future prospectsPart FourParas. 9-11Globalization versus nationalism and the challenges it faces2.Main Events1. Davos manspends a lot of time in places other than his native country.2. Davos Man sees their identity as a mater of per

55、sonal choice, not an accident of birth.3. Davos Manbelieves that globalization, the unimpeded flows of capital, labor and technology across national borders, is both welcome and unstoppable.4. Davos Man sees the world increasingly as one vast, interconnected market-place in which corporations search

56、 for the most advantageous locations to buy, produce and sell their goods ands.VocabularyI. P1061) advantageous 2) let alone5) entitled7) Establishment9) contradictions11) divorced3) witnessing/vanishing 4) landmark6) displace8) patriotic/strengthen10) aspires12) pendulums2) 1) come to 2) dozed off3) believed in 4) was set apart5) take in6) sucks in7) clean up8) turn away3. 1) For me, it makes no/little difference whether we go there by train or by bus.2) Toyata has overtaken General Motors as the world s biggest car maker