最新中考由真题看英语语法考点-情态动词考点

1、中考由真题看英语语法考点-情态动词考点【情态动词命题趋势与预测】根据对情态动词部分在全国各地中考试题的分析可知，今后该部分将是重点考查点之一。其考查重点为：1、情态动词在一般疑问句中的问与答2、情态动词表示猜测的用法3、will与shall的用法4、dare与need的用法【考点诠释】一、考查情态动词的基本用法一些情态动词的常用的意义往往为高考考查的焦点，考生须准确理解其含义并根据句子意思选择正 确的情态动词。1. must 和 have to两者都表示“必须”的意思，但must含有说话人主观上白看法、态度；have to则表示客观上的需要。【考例】-Must we finish giving

2、 out the posters today?-Yes, we.It can't be put off any longer. 太原市A. canB. mayC. must答案C。解析此题考查情态动词的用法。回答由must引起的一般疑问句，其肯定答语要用must,不能用can或may。故选C。-I didn't pass the math test. I think I have spent too much time playing computer games recently.-I agree. You _ play like that any more. 河南省A. n

3、eedn'tB. mustn'tC. may not D. wouldn't答案B。解析此处选mustn't,表示“一定不能”“千万不能”，用较强的语气来提醒对方不能再玩游戏When traffic lights are red. We stop and wait. 南京市A. mayB. canC. mustD. might.答案C。解析考查情态动词，must必须，表示禁止。一 I really like playing computer games!一 I'm afraid you stop , for your study and your hea

4、lth. 07 宜昌市A. amB. willC. mayD. must答案D。解析答语意思为“为了你的学习和健康，恐怕你必须停止玩电脑游戏"，所以must最恰当。2. can 和 could两者都可用来表能力，意为“能够，会” ；可用来表示许可（常用在口语中）或表示怀疑、惊异、不相信等态度（常用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中）。【考例】-Could I borrow your dictionary?-Of course you.陕西省A. canB. mustC. shouldD. will答案A。解析上文的could并不表示过去，而只是一种委婉的说法，所以答语用can更礼貌些。-Li

5、sten! Is Tom singing in the classroom?-No. It be Tom. He has gone to Paris.长沙市A. may notB. needn'tC. can't答案C。解析因为汤姆不在这里，所以不可能是他。一 Mary , you speak Chinese?一 Yes, only a little .北京市A mustB needC mayD. can答案D。解析考查情态动词，“玛丽，你会说英语吗？ "是的，会一点"。故选Do can表示能够。3. shall 和 shouldshall用于第一、三人称疑

6、问句表示征求对方意：见；用于第二、三人称肯定句或否定句表示说话人给 予对方的“禁止、命令、警告、允诺或威胁等” 。should用来表示建议、责任、义务时，可译为“应该，应当“ ，此时可用ought to替换； 可用来表示惊讶、忧虑、赞叹等不满情绪(用在疑问句中)；还可用来委婉地陈述自己的意见。【考例】Schools allow students at least one hour a day for sports.安徽省A. wouldB. mightC. shouldD. could答案C。解析此处用情态动词 should的用法。should表示“应当应该”的含义比其他三个词更强4. had

7、 better 和 would rather“had better+动词原形"意为"最好做",否定句式为 had better not。"would rather+动词原形”意为“宁可，宁愿“，否定句式为 would rather not。【考例】-Bob , may I _your MP4?一 Sure. But you'd better not it to others .福州市A . lend; lendB lend ; borrow C borrow ; borrowD . borrow ; lend答案D。解析本题考查动词 borrow

8、和lend的区别.borrow和lend是一组反义词，者B是"借"的意思，但 相对句子主语来说，borrow意为“借人”；lend意为“借出”。由语境可判断前者是借入，用 borrow后者 是借出，用lend。-What about playing football this afternoon, Sam?-I would rather at home thanfootball. It's too hot outside. 南京A. stay; playingB. stay; playC. to stay; to playD. to stay; playing答案:

9、A。解析本题考查了 would rather的固定短语的应用。译文为 ：萨姆，今天下午出去打球怎么样？ 和踢足球相比，我宁愿呆在家里，外面太热。Would rather do A than do B和做B比起来，宁愿做 A。5. used to“used to+动词原形”表示“过去常常做某事”或表示过去的一种惯常状态。【考例】 He used to in the sun, but now he is used toat night.兰州A. read, readB. reading, readC. read, readingD. reading, reading答案:C。解析考查固定结构的用法

10、。Used后接动词不定时，be used to后接动名词。故选 C。6. need 和 dareYou do it if you really don't want to.昆明市A. needn'tB. mustn'tC. can'tD. couldn't答案A。解析考查情态动词。本题应由句意人手破解。如果你不想做的话，你“没有必要”做它，所 以正确答案为A项。-May I do the rest of the work tomorrow?-Yea, of course. You finish it today.成者B市A. mustB. mustn&#

11、39;tC. needn't答案C。解析思路分析：根据句意可知，needn't不必。二、考查情态动词表推测的用法1.对现在或将来的推测用“情态动词+动词原形”。肯定的推测一般用 must, should, may (might)或can(could),其中，must的语气最强。意为"肯定"、"准 是"、"想必是"；should的语气次之，意为"很可能"、"应该"，指按常理推测； may(migt) , can(could)的 语气最弱，意为“有时会”、“也许”、“可能”。否定推测

12、分为两种情况：语气不很肯定时，常用may/might/could not,意为“可能不”、“也许不”；否定语气较强时，则用 can't,意为“根本不可能”、“一定不能”，表示惊异、怀疑的感情色彩。【考例】 You be tired after working for eight hours without a rest. 广东省A. canB. mayC. mustD. need答案C。解析本题考查情态动词 must, can, may, need的区别。本题由题意人手，“你工作了八个小时没有休息肯定很累。”情态动词must在此表示肯定的推测。一 Look at the boy run

13、ning on the ground . Is it Davis?It be him . I saw him go to the teacher's office just now .黄冈市A . mustB can'tC. couldD. might答案B。解析考查情态动词。表推测时否定句中用 can't。表示“不可能”，因为他已经去了老师的办公室。【语法回顾】1情态动词的语法特征1）情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情，只表示期待或估计某事的发生。2）情态动词除ought和have外，后面只能接不带 to的不定式。3）情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第三人

14、称单数不加-s。4）情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词，等形式。常见的情态动词有:can （could） ,may （might）, must ,shall （should）, will （would）, dare （dared） , need等,另外,haveto、had better也当作情态动词使用。情态动词后面必须加动词的原形。can 和 be able to1） can/could表示能力；可能 （过去时用could）,只用于现在式和过去式（could）。be able to可以用于 各种时态。例如：They will be able to tell you the news

15、 soon. 他很快就能告诉你消息了。2）只用be able to的情况:a.位于助动词后。b.情态动词后。c.表示过去某时刻动作时。d.用于句首表示条件。e.表示成功地做了某事时，用 was/were able to,不能用could。例如：He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out. = He managed to flee Europe before the war broke out.他在战争爆发之前逃离欧洲。注意：could有时不表示时态1）提出委婉的请求，（注意在回答中不可用could）。例如：-Could I have

16、the television on? 我能看电视吗？-Yes, you can. / No, you can't.可以 /不可以。2）在否定句、疑问句中表示推测或怀疑。例如：He couldn't be a bad man.他不大可能是坏人。may 和 might1）表示允许或请求；表示没有把握的推测；may放在句首，表示祝愿。例如：May God bless you!愿上帝保佑你！He might be at home.他可能在家。注意：might表示推测时，不表示时态，只是可能性比may小。2） 成语：may/might as well ,后面接不带to的不定式，意为&qu

17、ot;不妨"。例如：If that is the case, we may as well try.如果情况确实如此，我们不妨试一试。have to 和 must1） 两词都是 必须的意思，have to表示客观的需要，must表示说话人主观上的看法，既主观上的必要。例如：My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.弟弟病得很厉害，我只得半夜里把医生请来。（客观上需要做这件事）He said that they must work hard.他说他们必须努力工作。（主观

18、上要做这件事）2） have to有人称、数、时态的变化，而must只有一种形式。但 must可用于间接引语中表示过去的必要或义务。例如：He had to look after his sister yesterday.他昨晚只得照顾他姐姐。3） 否定结构中：don't have to表示"不必"，mustn't表示"禁止"。例如：You don't have to tell him about it.你不一定要把此事告诉他。You mustn't tell him about it.你不得把这件事告诉他。must表示推

19、测1) must用在肯定句中表示较有把握的推测，意为“一定"。2) must表对现在的状态或现在正发生的事情的推测时，must后面通常接系动词 be的原形或行为动词的进行式。例如：You have worked hard all day. You must be tired.你辛苦干一整天，一定累了。(对现在情况的推测判断)He must be working in his office. 他一定在办公室工作呢。比较：He must be staying there.他现在肯定在那里。He must stay there.他必须呆在那。3) must表示对已发生的事情的推测时，mus

20、t要接完成式。例如：I didn't hear the phone. I must have been asleep. 我刚才没有听到电话，我想必是睡着了。4) must表示对过去某时正发生的事情的推测，must后面要接不定式的完成进行式。例如：-Why didn't you answer my phone call? 为何不接我的电话？-Well, I must have been sleeping, so I didn't hear it.唉，肯定在睡觉，所以没有听见。5)否定推测用can't。例如：If Tom didn't leave here

21、until five o'clock, he can't be home yet.如果汤姆五点才离开这儿，他此时一定还未到家。表示推测的用法can, could, may, might, must皆可表示推测，其用法如下:1)情态动词+动词原形，表示对现在或将来的情况的推测，此时动词通常为系动词。例如：I don't know where she is, she may be in Wuhan.我不知道她在哪儿，可能在武汉。2)情态动词+动词现在进行时，表示对现在或将来正在进行的情况进行推测。例如：At this moment, our teacher must be

22、correcting our exam papers. 这时，想必我们老师正在批改试卷。should 和 ought to除了上述的用法，两者还可表示"想必一定，按理应该"的意思。例如：I ought to be able to live on my salary. 靠我的薪水，想必也能维持了。It ought to be ready now.想必现在准备好了吧。They should be there by now, I think.现在他们该到那儿了。The poems should be out in a month at most. 诗集估计最多还有一个月就要出版了

23、。had better表示"最好"，相当于一个助动词，它只有一种形式，它后面要跟动词原形。例如：It is pretty cold. You'd better put on my coat. 天相当冷。你最好穿上我的外套。She'd better not play with the dog.她最好不要玩耍那条狗。would rather 表示"宁愿"would rather dowould rather not dowould rather than 宁愿而不愿。还有would sooner, had rather, had sooner

24、都表示"宁愿"、"宁可"的意思。例如：If I have a choice, I had sooner not continue my studies at this school.如果有选择的余地， 我宁可辍学离开这个学校。I would rather stay here than go home. = I would stay here rather than go home. 我宁愿呆在这儿，而不愿回家。will 和 would注意：1) would like; would like to do = want to 想要,为固定搭配。例如：Woul

25、d you like to go with me? 想和我一块去吗？2) Will you ? Would you like志示肯定含义的请求劝说时，疑问句中一般用 some,而不是any。例如:Would you like some cake? 吃点蛋糕吧。3)否定结构中用 will , 一般不用 would, won't you是一种委婉语气。Won't you sit down? 你不坐下吗？情态动词的回答方式问句肯定回答否定回答Need you ？Yes, I must.No, I needn'tMust you ?No, I don't have to

26、.带to的情态动词带 to 的情态动词有四个：ought to, have to, used to, be to,如加上 have got to (=must) , be able to,为六个。它们的疑问、否定形式应予以注意：Do they have to pay their bill before the end of the month? 他们必须在月底前付帐单吗？She didn't use to play tennis before she was fourteen.在她十四岁前，她不会打网球。You ought not to have told her all about

27、it.你不应该告诉他所有这件事。Ought he to see a heart specialist at once.?ought to本身作为情态动词使用。其他的词作为实义动词使用，变疑问，否定时，须有do等助动词协助。need 和 dare这两词既可做实义动词用，又可做情态动词用。作为情态动词，两者都只能用于疑问句，否定句和条件句。need作实义动词时后面的不定式必须带to,而dare作实义动词用时，后面的to时常可以被省略。1) 实义动词：need (需要，要求) need + n. / to do sth2) 情态动词：need,只用原形need后加do,否定形式为need not。例

28、如：Need you go yet?你要走了吗？Yes, I must. / No, I needn't.是的，我要走了 /不，不急着走。【语法过关】1. 一 I fill in the check-in form right now, sir? No, you needn ' t. You can complete it this afternoon.A. MayB. CanC. WouldD. Must2. Could I go to the movie this weekend , Dad?一 Yes, you. But you have to come back bef

29、ore nine .A. shallB. mustC. needD. canC. mustn'tC. canC. No, you needn'tD. wouldn'tD. willD. I'd rather notD. wouldn'tD. may notD. couldD. may not3. You play with fire, Tom. It's dangerous.A. needn'tB. may not4. As we know, fish die out of water.A. mayB. is going to5. Sha

30、ll I book some seats for the concert?. I've already done that.A. Yes, you mayB. No, you mustn 't6. I think Miss Gao must be in the library. She said she would go there.No, she be there. I've just seen her there.A. can'tB. mustn'tC. needn't7. You worry about him. He will get w

31、ell soon.A. needn'tB. can'tC. mustn't8. Schools allow students at least one hour a day for sports .A. wouldB . mightC. shouldA. don't have toB. mustn'tC. needn't9. You open the door before the train gets into the station.10. I was told to be here before eight. Oh ,you I '

32、 m sorry for not telling you that we have changed the plan.A . mustB . can ' tC. mayD. needn ' t11. May I take this book out of the reading room?一 Please read it here.A. CertainlyB. No, you needn ' t C. No, you mustn ' t12. 一Who' s that woman with Ann?一 I' m not sure.It be he

33、r motherA, mayB, canC , willD, must13. - Must I get up early tomorrow?A. you mustn t '14. The room is so dirty.B. I donA. WillB. Would't think you have tC. you can we clean it? Of course.C. DoD. you needD. Shall15. You look tired .A. haveYou'd better a good sleep.B. havingD.to have2.选答案D

34、解析：依据答语 No, you needn答案：D解析：本题考查情态动词的用法,t可以推断出应选Docould表示委婉语气“可以，能”,相当于can。根据句意应3.Do答案C解析：表示“绝对禁止，不允许”的意思。4.答案A解析：表可能性只能用may。5答案C解析：由I've already done that可知，没必要做某事，应用 No , you needn't.不，你不必做某事了。6 .答案A解析：在表推测的 否定句和疑问句中，此时要用can。7 .答案A解析：needn't表示"不必，不用" ；mustn't表示"禁止、不能

35、”。依据题意：你不必担心她, 和很快就会恢复。8 .答案：C解析：本题考查情态动词的用法。句意：学校应该允许学生一天至少运动一个小时。9 .答案B解析：依据题意：在火车进站之前，你绝不能打开车门。表示“绝对禁止”，故应用Bo10 .答案D解析：依据题意：我被告知八点前到这儿。由后句对不起我没有告诉你我们已经改变计划了。可知你没必要。故选 D。11 .答案C解析：依据题意：我可以把这书带出阅览室吗？可知答语应是No, you mustn故应选C。12 .答案A解析：由前句I ' m not sure.知， 表可能性只能用 may。故选A。13 .答案B解析：must用于一般疑问句时，其否

36、定答语要用 needn't或don't have to,不能用mustn't. mustn't 表示的是“不允许”或“不应该”。故应选 Bo14 .答案D解析：依据题意：房间太脏了。我们打扫一下好吗？用should来表示征求、询问。故应选 D。15 .答案：A解析：had better后接动词原形，“最好做某事”，故选A。一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷I .阅读下列短文，从下面每小题的A、B C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。DJackie visited his grandparents on their farm . And he was playing with

37、 a slingshot（ 弹弓）in the woods . He practised in the WOODS but he could never hit the target. As he was walking back, he saw Grandma's pet duck. Without thinking , he shot, hit the duck in the head . and killed it . He was very afraid . He knew Grandma loved the duck . She would be sad or even an

38、gry if she knew that her duck was killed . He then hid the dead duck under a tree . His sister Susan saw it all. but she said nothing .After lunch that day Grandma said , “ Susanlet's wash the dishes . " But Susan said “ Grandma Jackie told me he wanted to help in the kitchen today , didn&#

39、39;t you , Jackie? And then she whispered（小声说）to him , " Remember the du ck? ” So Jackie did the dishesLater Grandpa asked if the children wanted to go fishing , but Grandma said, " I'm sorry but I need Susan to help clean the house . " But Susan smiled and said “ Well that's

40、all right because Jackie told me he wanted to help . 'And she whispered again , “ Remember the duck? ” So Susan went fishing with Grandpa and Jackie stayedThese “ remember the duck " went on for many Then finally Jackie couldn't stand it any longer . He came to Grandma and told her that

41、 he had killed the duck . She gave him a hug, and said, “ Sweetheart I know . You see, I was standing at the window and I saw the whole thing . But because I love you , I forgave you . But I just wanted to see how long you would let Susan make a slave of you .”II ) What did Jackie hit with the sling

42、shot at last?A. The target.B. A rabbit.C. The pet duck.D. A pet dog.(2) Susan didn't tell Grandma about Jackie's secret because .A. she wanted Jackie to do something for herB. she was afraid Grandma would be very sadC. she didn't want to make Grandma angryD. she loved her brother very mu

43、ch(3) Jackie helped clean the house instead of going fishing with Grandpa becauseA. he liked cleaning the houseB. Grandma asked him toC. he didn't like going fishingD. he wanted Susan to keep his secret(4) What lesson does the story want to tell us?A. It's dangerous to play with a slingshot

44、on a farm .B. It's impossible to let girls keep secrets for you .C. It makes you feel better to tell than to hide .D. It's dangerous to let others see what you've done .【答案】(1) CA(3) D(4) C【解析】【分析】本文叙述了约翰尼由于自己的冲动把祖母的宠物鸭子射死了，他把鸭子藏在了柴堆里， 可这一切都被妹妹萨利看在了眼里，妹妹就利用她知道的秘密该她干的活就都推给约翰尼去做，这样过了 几天之后，

45、约翰尼再也受不了，于是就向祖母承认了错误，祖母其实早就知道了这一切，她原谅了他，最 后短文指出无论承认错误有多难，我们也要这样做，这样有助于我们成长。(1)细节理解题。从 he saw Grandma's pet duck . Without thinking , he shot, hit the duck in the head . andkilled it.可知他射中了鸭子，故选C。(2) 细节理解题。从"Susan let's wash the dishes. " But Susan said “Gradma. Jackie told me he wa

46、nted tohelp in the kitchen today , didn't you , Jackie? A nd then she whispered(小声说)to him , “ Remember the duck? ” So Jackie did the dishes.可知Susan不告诉奶奶Jackie的秘密是为了威胁他让他为她做事，故选 A。(3) 细节理解题。 从 And she whispered again , “Remember the duck?” So Sans went fishing with Grandpa and Jackie stayed.可知他想

47、要 Susan保密，故选 D。(4)主旨概括题。从最后一段可知坦白比隐藏要好得多，故选Co【点评】答题中注意带着问题阅读短文，一般就能顺利找出答题依据。对于不能直接找到根据的问题注意 联系上下文，根据短文中心总结出正确答案。2 .阅读理解I walked into a stranger as he passed by me."Excuse me." I said.He replied with a smile and said, "Please excuse me, too. I didn't notice you."We apologized(

48、道歉)and went for our own ways.Later that day, when I was cooking, my daughter was standing too near. When I turned to reach for some milk,I nearly knocked her over. "Move out of the way!" I shouted.She walked away sadly. But I didn't feel like I had to apologize to her.While I was in be

49、d that evening, my husband said to me. "While dealing with a stranger, you were polite. But with a daughter you love, you were unkind. Your daughter brought you some flowers that she picked herself this afternoon. You will find them in the kitchen by the door. Have you seen the tears in her eye

50、s?"I quietly went and sat down by my daughter's bed."Honey, I am so sorry." I said. "Are these the flowers you picked for me?"She said, "I found them by the tree. I picked them because they're pretty like you. I knew you'd like them, especially the blue ones

51、."I tearfully replied, "Sweetie, I'm really sorry for the way I acted today. I shouldn't have shouted at you.""It's OK. I love you anyway." She said as she kissed me on my cheek.If we can be polite to strangers, why can't we do the same for the ones we love?(

52、1) The writer was _ to the stranger who she walked into.A. madB. honestC. unkindD. polite(2) Where were they when the writer shouted at her daughter?A. In the kitchen.B. By the tree. C. In the bedroom.D. In the garden.(3) What did the writer's husband think when he saw her action?A. The little g

53、irl shouldn't cry.B. She shouldn't shout at their daughter.C. She shouldn't say sorry to the stranger.D. Both he and his wife should apologize to their daughter.4 4) What may be the writer's favorite color according to the passage?A. Yellow.B. Pink.C. Blue.D. Red.5 5) What do you thi

54、nk is the best title for the passage?A. Be friendly to strangers.B. Mothers like flowers.C. Be kind to loved ones.D. Love between parents and children.【答案】(1) DA(3) B(4) C(5) C【解析】【分析】大意：作者走在路上撞到陌生人，相互表示歉意，而在家里因为女儿站地离自己很近， 结果取牛奶的时候几乎绊倒女儿却生气对女儿大叫，导致女儿难过流泪，后来因为老公的点醒，让作者意 思到对待爱自己的人要好的道理。(1)细节题。根据"

55、Excuse me." I said.可知，作者对待陌生人很有礼貌，故选D。(2)细节题。根据 when I was cooking, Move out of the way!" I shouted.可知，作者是在厨房对女儿大喊大叫，故选Ao(3) 推断题。根据 While dealing with a stranger, you were polite. But with a daughter you love, you wereunkind.可知，作者的丈夫认为她不应该对女儿大叫，故选B。(4)推断题。根据I knew you'd like them, espe

56、cially the blue ones."可知，作者可能最喜欢蓝色，故选 C(5)主旨题。作者走在路上撞到陌生人，相互表示歉意，而在家里因为女儿站地离自己很近，结果取牛奶的时候几乎绊倒女儿却生气对女儿大叫，导致女儿难过流泪，后来因为老公的点醒，让作者意思到对待爱自己的人要好的道理，故选C【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题、推断题和主旨题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题需要从文中寻找答 案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。3 .阅读理解In the Warring States Period, the State of Qin had a

57、 fight with the State of Zhao, Zhao needed some talented people to ask for help from Chu. Then Mao Sui the man who believed he was the right person for this task came and recommended （推荐）himself. And he made the king of Chu send the army to help successfully. Zhao was safe. From then on, Mao Sui bec

58、ame a well-known hero of the state.One day, Shang Yang put a thin wooden stick near the south gate of the capital of Qin. He promised to pay 10 gold pieces to anyone who could move it to the north gate. It was such a simple job that all the people thought Shang was joking. Then he added 40moregold p

59、ieces. A man moved it and he really got 50 gold pieces. After that, the people of Qin believed Shang was a man of his word. So they all followed Shang's new laws later.Wang Xizhi was one of the most famous calligraphers（ 书法家） during the Eastern Jin Dynasty of China. When he was very young, he practiced his art every day and never stopped.One day, Wang Xizhi wrote in wood for an engraver（ 雕刻师） to