中考英语总复习之特殊句型详解与练习

1、反意疑问句1、什么是反意疑问句英语中，反意疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成。其中附加疑问句是对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问，起证实作用，一般用于证实说话者所说的事实或观点。翻译为“是吗”2.反意疑问句的回答，回答时，如果情况属实，用Yes加上反问句的倒装肯定句；若果情况不属实，则用No加上反问句的倒装否定句。例如You were moved by your students, werent you?情况属实：Yes, I were.情况不属实：No, I werent.二、反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词在语气上成相反的对应关系，即：肯定+否定？ 否定+肯定？如： You

2、 cant do it, can you? 你不能做它，是吗？They are very late for the meeting, arent they? 他们开会迟到了，是吗？三当陈述句中含有be动词，助动词，或是情态动词时，反问句部分由这些词加上主语人称代词构成，Be动词包括：am, is, are, was, were助动词有：do, does, did, have（用在完成时）, has（用在完成时）等情态动词有：can, could, may, might, must, will, would, shall, should例如：She is a lovely girl, isnt

3、she? 她是一个可爱的女孩，是吗？He will go home, _wont_ _he_?他要回家了，是吗？She doesnt like to eat popcorn, _does_ _she_?她不喜欢吃爆米花，是吗？The baby wont sleep early, will it?小宝宝睡得不早，是吗？注意：He has supper at home every day, doesnt he? (不能用hasnt he?) 他每天在家吃晚饭，是吗？ They have known the matter, havent they? (不能用dont they?) 他们已经知道那事情

4、了，是吗？ 四当陈述句中只含有行为动词时，若动词加了s,就用does, 若动词为原形，就用do,动词为过去式，则用did,例如：You cleaned your house last week, _didnt_ _you_?你上周打扫了你的房间，是吗？Your father plays the computer very well, _doesnt_ _he _?你父亲电脑技术很好，是吗？They look so happy today, _dont _ _they_?你今天看起来很高兴，是吗？五反意疑问句的陈述部分带有little, few, never, hardly, seldom，no

5、body, nothing, barely, scarcely等否定意义的词时，问句部分用肯定式。如： She never tells a lie, does she?(不用doesnt she?) 她从不说谎，是吗？ He was seldom late, was he?(不用wasnt he?) 他几乎不迟到，是吗？六、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I am时，问句部分习惯上用arent I？表示。如： I am a very honest man, arent I? 我是个很诚实的人，是吗？七陈述部分的主语为不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything

6、时，问句部分的主语用it。如： Something is wrong with the computer, isnt it? 电脑有问题了，是吗？ Nothing has happened to them, has it? 他们什么事也没发生，是吗？ 八、陈述部分的主语为不定代词somebody (someone), anybody (anyone), nobody (no one), everybody (everyone)时，问句部分的主语用he或 they，这时问句动词的数应和he或 they一致。如： Someone has taken the seat, hasnt he? 有人已经

7、坐了位置，是吗？ Everyone has done their best in the game, havent they? 每个人在比赛中已经尽力了，是吗？九陈述部分为祈使句1）若为lets引导，反问句用shall we? 例如 Lets go home together, shall we? 让我们一起回家，好吗？2）若为let us引导 和其余的任何一般的否定祈使句，都用will you, 例如Let us stop to rest, will you? 让我们停下休息，好吗？Dont make any noise, will you? 别弄出噪音，好吗？3）一般的肯定祈使句则用wil

8、l you 或wont you 都行，例如：Do sit down, wont you?/ will you? 请坐，好吗？You feed the bird today, will you? 今天你喂鸟，是吗？Please open the window, will you? (wont you?) 打开窗，好吗？十：陈述部分为There (Here) + be + 主语时，问句部分用动词+there (here)?形式。 There are two cakes on the plate, arent there? 碟子里有两块蛋糕，是吗？ Here is a story about Mar

9、k Twain, isnt here? 这是关于马克吐温的故事，是吗？巩固练习：1. Linda ate nothing this morning, _? A. didnt she B. was she C. did she D. wasnt she 2. Theres hardly_ milk in the bottle, _there? A. no, isnt B. some, is C. little, isnt D. any, is 3. He has never ridden a horse before, _? A. does he B. has he C. hasnt he D.

10、 doesnt he 4. He seldom came here, _? Yes sir. A. didnt he B. does he C. doesnt he D. did he 5. Everything seems all right, _ ? A. does it B. dont they C. wont it D. doesnt it 7. One cant be too modest, can _ ? A. one B. he C. it D. we 8. No one failed in the exam, _ ? A. was he B. did one C. did th

11、ey D. didnt he 10. Neither you nor I am a artist, _ ? A. am I B. arent we C. are we D. amnt I 11. He cant be her father, _ he? A. is B. isnt C. can D. cant 12. They have no time to visit the museum, _? A. do they B. havent they C. dont they D. will they 14. Youd better go at once, _ you? A. hadnt B.

12、 did C. didnt D. dont 15. Youd rather work than play, _ you? A. hadnt B. wouldnt C. didnt D. mustnt 16. You dare not do that, _ you? A. dont B. do C. dare D. darent 18. He dislikes the two subjects, _ he? A. does B. doesnt C. is D. isnt 19. These tools are useless now, _ ? A. are they B. arent they

13、C. is it D. isnt it 20. He used to get up at 6:30, _ he? A. didnt he B. did he C. used he D. wouldnt he 22. He ought to win the first prize, _ he? A. mustnt B. oughtnt C. shouldnt D. Both B and C. 23. Lets go there by bus, _? A. will you B. shall we C. dont you D. will you 24. Let us go to play foot

14、ball, _? A. will you B. shall we C. do we D. are we 25. Dont forget to give Polly some food and change her water, _? A. will you B. shall we C. wont you D. do you 26. Lets go shopping this afternoon, _? All right. A. will we B. shall we C. dont we D. are we 27. Pass me the dictionary, _? Yes, with p

15、leasure. A. would you B. will you C. wont you D. wouldnt you 30. There is little water in the glass, _? A. isnt there B. isnt it C. is it D. is there 32. There wont be any concert this Saturday evening, _ ? A. will there not B. will there C. is there D. wont 33. I guess she taught herself Japanese,

16、_? Yes. A. dont I B. did she C. do I D. didnt she 34. I dont believe you are right, _ ? A. are you B. do you C. wont you D. do 35. She doesnt think that Tom sings best in the class, _ ? A. does she B. doesnt she C. does he D. doesnt he 37. I know you didnt want to hurt me, _ ? A. did you B. didnt yo

17、u C. do I D. dont I 38. If my father were here he would be very happy, _ ? A. werent he B. were he C. wouldnt he D. would he Key: 15 CDBDD 610 BACDC 1115 AABAB 1620 CCBBA 2125CDBAA 2630 BBBAD 3135 BBDAA 3638 AAC感叹句感叹句一般是用来表示说话时的喜悦、惊讶等情感。英语感叹句常用"what"和"how"引导，"what"和&quo

18、t;how"与所修饰的词置于句首，其它部分用陈述句语序。 一、 由"what"引导的感叹句："what"意为"多么"用作定语，修饰名词（被强调部分），单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词。这类句子的结构形式是： what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语. 如： What a clever girl she is! 多么聪明的姑娘呀！ What an interesting story it is! 多么有趣的故事呀！ What good children they are! 他们是

19、多么好的孩子呀！ What beautiful flowers they are! 多么漂亮的花呀！ What delicious food it is! 多么有味的食物呀！ What heavy snow it is! 多么大的雪呀！ 二、由"how"引导的感叹句："how"意为"多么"，用作状语，修饰形容词或副词（被强调部分）。如果修饰形容词，则句中的谓语动词用系动词；如果how修饰副词，则句中的谓语动词用行为动词，这类句子的结构形式是： How+adj.（adv.）+主语+谓语. 如： How cold it is today!

20、 今天多么冷呀！ How nice the pictures are! 多么漂亮的图画呀！ How happy they look! 他们显得多么高兴呀！ How well she sings! 她唱得多好呀！ How hard they are working now! 他们干得多么起劲呀！ 三、在表示同一意义时，英语感叹既可用"what"引导，也可用"how"引导。如： What a hot day it is! How hot the day is ! 多么热的天气呀！ What tall buildings they are! How tall

21、the buildings are! 多么高的楼房呀！ What bad weather it is! How bad the weather is! 多么糟糕的天气呀！ What bright sunshine it is! How bright the sunshine is! 多么明亮的阳光呀！ 四、感叹句在表示激动强烈的感情时，口语中常常采用省略句，其后面的主语和谓语往往略去不讲。 如： What a fine day! 多么晴朗的天呀！ What an honest boy! 多么诚实的孩子呀！ What red apples! 多么红的苹果呀！ How cool! 好凉快呀！ Ho

22、w wonderful! 精彩极了！巩固练习：一、填入适当的词完成下列感叹句。1)._ difficult homework we had yesterday! 2)._cute dog it is!3)._ interesting the story is!4)._ bad the weather in England is!5)._ honest boy Tom is ！6)._ tasty smell the cake gave off!7)._ good time we had on the beach yesterday!8)._ exciting news yo

23、u've brought us!9)._cool your new car is!10)._ scary these tigers are! 二、选择填空。1. _ fast the boy ran!A. How        B. How an C. What         D. What an2. _ well you sing but _ badly he dances!A. How, how    

24、            B. What, whatC. How, what               D. What, how3. _ delicious the soup is! Id like some more.A. How       B. How an C.

25、 What        D. What an 4. _ fools they were! They believed what the man said. A. How       B. How an C. What        D. What an5. _ foolish they were! They believed what the man said. A. How 

26、0;    B. How an C. What       D. What an6. _ difficult questions they are! I cant answer them.A. How       B. How an C. What        D. What an7. I miss my friend very much. _ I wan

27、t to see her!A. How        B. How an C. What         D. What an8. _ lovely weather we are having these days!A. How        B. How an C. What         &#

28、160;D. What an9. _ beautiful your new dress is!A. How       B. How an C. What          D. What an10. _ interesting work it is to teach children! A. How       B. How an C. What   &#

29、160;      D. What an三、所给句子填空，使填空句变为相应的感叹句：1. The boy swam very fast.（同义句）_ _ the boy swam!2. The school trip is very exciting. （同义句）_ _ the school trip is!3. Hei Longjiang looks very beautiful in winter. （同义句）_ _ Hei Longjiang looks in winter!4. It is a very useful dictionar

30、y. （同义句）_ _ _ dictionary it is!_ _ _ dictionary is!5. The students are listening very carefully._ _ the students are listening!答案：一、What，What a, How, How，What an, What, What a, What, How, How 二、BAACA CACAC 三、1. How fast 2. How exciting 3. How beautiful 4. What a useful, How useful the 5. How careful

31、lyWhat a funny time to eat breakfast! 吃早饭多么有趣啊！感叹句巧解：感叹句要看后面，即看形容词后的东东，1) 若形容词后紧跟可数名词单数，就用what a/an；是不可数名词或可数名词复数，只用what。2）若形容词后后紧跟a/an/the/my/your/this/that/Toms等等乱七八糟的东西，想都不用想，直接用how就OK了。如： 例句1：What a good boy he is! 他是个多么好的男孩啊！ / 形容词 单数名词 例句2：What good boys they are! 他们是多么好的男孩啊！/ 形容词 复数名词 例句3：Wha

32、t cold weather it is! 多么冷的天气啊！/ 形容词 不可数名词 例句4：How good the boy is! 这男孩多好啊！/ 形容词 乱糟糟 若没有形容词，而出现副词或是句子，直接用how.例：How well he plays the guitar! 他吉他弹得多好啊！ / 副词 （what不可以修饰副词，看到副词直接用how） How time flies!        How fast Liu Xiang runs 打油诗一首: 感叹句往后看 形容词后是名单 就用what a或what an 形后若是

33、不可数或名复数 只用what就可以 形容词后乱糟糟 只写how就OK了初中英语重要句型句型1：Therebe 主语地点状语时间状语There's a boat in the river河里有条船。There are seven days in a week一周有七天。句型2：What's wrong withsbsth？What's wrong with you？你怎么啦？What's wrong with your watch？你的手表有什么毛病？句型3：How do you like？How do you like China？你觉得中国怎么样？句型4：Wh

34、at do you like about？What do you like about China？你喜欢中国的什么？句型5：had better（not）动词原形You'd better ask that policeman over there你最好去问问那边的那个警察。句型6：Howadjadv主语谓语！What aanadjn主语谓语！How cold it is today ！今天多冷啊！What a fine picture it is！多美的一幅图画呀！句型7：Thanksbfor（doing）sthThank you for coming to see me感谢你来看我

35、。句型8：Sobe情态动词助动词主语He is a studentSo am I他是一个学生，我也是。句型9：notuntilHe didn't have supper until his parents came back直到他的父母回来他才吃饭。句型10：比较级and比较级The baby cried harder and harder那孩子哭得越来越厉害。句型11：the 比较级，the 比较级The more one has，the more one wants越有越贪。句型12：asadjadvasnot as（so）adjadvasDo you think that art

36、 is as important as music？你认为艺术和音乐一样重要吗？Last Sunday the weather was not so wet as it is today上个星期天的天气不如今天的天气潮湿。句型13：morelessadjthanI think English is more useful than Japanese我认为英语比日语有用。I think art is less important than music我认为艺术不如音乐重要。句型14：stopfrom doing sthThe Great Green Wall will stop the wind

37、 from blowing the earth away绿色长城将阻挡风吹走土壤。句型15：bothandBoth you and I are students我和你都是学生。句型16：eitherorEither you or he is wrong 不是你错就是他错。句型17：neithernorNeither he nor I am a student我和他都不是学生。句型18：as soon asAs soon as I see him，I'll give him the message我一见到他，我就把你的消息告诉他。句型19：soadjadvthatI was so tir

38、ed that I didn't want to speak我累得连话也不想说了。句型20：Though主句Though I like writing to my pen-friend，it takes a lot of time虽然我喜欢给笔友写信，但它要耗费我大量时间。句型 21：be going toThis afternoon I'm going to buy an English book今天下午我要去买本英语书。句型 22：be different fromI think this is different from Chinese names我认为这与汉语名字不同

39、。句型 23：Welcome（back）toWelcome to Shenyang！欢迎到沈阳来！Welcome back to school！欢迎回到学校！句型 24：have fun doingWe're going to have fun learning and speaking English this term这学期我们将兴味盎然地学习和讲英语。句型 25：because，soI don't know all your names because this is our first lesson因为这是我们的第一节课，所以我并不知道你们所有人的名字。he was i

40、ll，so she didn't go to school她生病了，因此没有上学。句型 26：Why don't you？Why not？Why don't you come to school a little earlier？为什么不早点到校呢？Why not join us？为什么不加入我们？句型 27：make itLet's make it half past nine让我们定在九点半吧！句型 28：have nothing to doThey have nothing to do every day他们每天无所事事。句型 29：be surebe s

41、ure ofabout sthbe sure to do sbI think so，but I'm not sure我想是这样，但不敢确定。I was not sure ofabout the way，so I asked someone我对于怎么走没有把握，所以我问别人了。It's sure to rain必定会下雨。句型 30：betweenandThere is a shop between the hospital and the school在那家医院和那所学校之间有一家商店。句型 31：keep sbsthadjV-ing介词补语advYou must keep y

42、our classroom clean你们必须保持教室干净。Sorry to have kept you waiting对不起，让你久等。Can you keep him in the room ？你能让他在这个房里吗？Keep them here让他们在这儿呆着。句型 32：find 宾语宾补He finds it very hard to travel around the big city 他发现要环游这个大城市是很难的。句型 33：notanymorelongerThe old man doesn't travel any more这位老人不再旅行了。He isn't

43、a thief any longer他不再是个贼。句型 34：What's the weather like？What's the weather like in spring in your hometown ？在你们家乡春天天气怎么样？句型 35：There is no time to dohave no time to doThere was no time to think没有时间思考。I have no time to go home for lunch我没有时间回家吃午饭。句型 36：Help oneself toHelp yourself to some fish

44、吃鱼吧！句型 37：used to doI used to read this kind of story books我过去常读这种故事书。句型 38：borrow fromI borrowed a book from him我从他那借了一本书。句型 39：lend sbsthlend sthto sbHe lent me a story bookHe lent a story book to me他借了本故事书给我。句型 40：have been toHave you ever been to Haw aii？你曾去过夏威夷吗？句型41：have gone toWhere's he？

45、He's gone to Washington他在哪儿？他去华盛顿了。句型42：be famous forHawaii is famous for its beautiful beaches夏威夷以它美丽的海滩而出名。句型43：No matter 疑问句主句No matter when you come，you are welcomed无论你们什么时候来，都受欢迎。句型44：be afraid（oftodothat）I'm afraid not恐怕不能。Don't be afraid of making mistakes when speaking English当说英

46、语时不要害怕犯错误。He's afraid to go out at night晚上他不敢出去。I'm afraid that he can't come here tomorrow恐怕他明天不能来这儿。句型45：asas possibleasas sbcanI hope to see him as soon as possible我希望能尽快见到他。He ran here as fast as he could他尽最大努力跑到这儿。句型46：practiseenjoyfinish doingA young man practised speaking English

47、with Mr Green一个年青人和格林先生练习说英语。Tom enjoys playing football very much汤姆很喜欢踢足球。He finished reading the story book他看完了那本故事书。句型47：It's said thatIt's said that one of the most dangerous sharks is the Great White Shark据说最危险的鲨鱼之一是大白鲨。句型48：Not alleveryoneNot all sharks are alike并不是所有的鲨鱼都一样。Not everyon

48、e likes dumplings并不是每个人都喜欢饺子。句型49：be based onHis argument is based on facts他的论断是以事实为根据的。句型50：so thatPut the tree in the hole so that it is straight把树放入洞穴中，让它立直。句型51：benummetreskilometresyearslongwidedeephigholdThe Great Green Wall is 7，000 kilometres long绿色长城长7000公里。The river is about 2 metres deep这

49、条河大约有2米深。The boy is about 12 years old 这个男孩约12岁。句型52：keepfrom doingThe heavy rain kept us from starting out大雨阻止了我们出发。句型53：with one's helpWith Tom's help，I've come to America to study further在汤姆的帮助下，我来到美国深造。句型54：I don't thinkI don't think any of them is interesting我认为他们中任何一个都无趣。句型

50、55：What's the population of？What's the population of Germany ？德国的人口有多少？句型56：prefer to dorather than doThey prefer to buy a new one rather than repair it他们更喜欢买一辆新车，而不愿去修理它。句型57：be worth（doing）This book is worth reading这本书值得读。句型58：regard asThey regarded their pets as members of their families他

51、们把宠物视为家庭成员。句型59：be confident ofI'm confident of success我确信会成功。句型60：seem to doseem adj（介词短语）He seems to be angry他似乎生气了。The house seems too noisy这房子似乎太吵了。句型61：be angry with about at（doing）We're all very angry with ourselves我们都很生自己的气。I was angry about his decision to build a factory here我很生气他决定

52、把工厂建在这儿。I was angry at being kept waiting这样一直等我很生气。句型62：pay forpay forHe paid for the book and went away他付完书款便离开了。I paid him 200 for the painting买这幅画我付了他200英镑。 初中英语写作中常见的十二种句型 句型(一)such+名词性词组+thatSo+形容词/副词+that如此以致例如：(1)She is such a good teacher that we all love her.她是一个好老师，我们都爱她。(2)It was such a h

53、ot day that they didnt go out for a walk as usual.这么热的天气，他们没有像往常一样去散步。注意点：1.such+a+形容词+名词+that，可以改写成：so+形容词+a+名词+that，例句(1)可以改写成：She is so good a teacher that we all love her.2.在such+形容词+名词复数或不可数名词+that结构中，形容词如果是many/few或much/little时，用so不用such，即：so+many/few+可数名词复数+that，so+much/little+不可数名词+that(1)Th

54、ere are so many people in the room that I cant get in.房间里人太多，我进不去。(2)The man has so much money that he can buy a car.那人很有钱，他能买一辆小汽车。句型(二)There be，eitheror，neithernor，not onlybut also例如：(1)There is a pen and two pencils in his pencil-box.他的铅笔盒里有一支钢笔和两支铅笔。(2)Not only you but also I have been to the Gr

55、eat Wall.你和我都没有去过长城。(3)Either you or I am leaving for Shanghai.要么你去上海，要么我去上海。(4)Neither you nor he is right.你和他都不对。(5)Both Jack and Tim are English.Jack和Tim是英国人。注意点：当这几个句型连接主语时，谓语动词的人称和数要考虑“就近原则”，对比bothand 来记忆，bothand连接主语时视为复数。句型(三)Enough+名词+to do有足够的做某事形容词/副词+enough+to do 足够做某事例如：(1)There is enough room to hold these people to have a meeting.有足够