新概念英语第二册笔记_第67课

1、Lesson 67 Volcanoes 火山Text Haroun Tazieff, the Polish scientist, has spent his lifetime studying active volcanoes and deep cavesin all parts of the world. In 1948, he went to Lake Kivu in the Congo to observe a new volcano whichhe later named Kituro. Tazieff was able to set up his camp very close to

2、 the volcano while it was erupting violently. Though he managed to take a number of brilliant photographs, he could not stay near the volcano for very long. He noticed that a river of liquid rock was coming towards him. It threatened to surroundhim completely, but Tazieff managed to escape just in t

3、ime. He waited until the volcano became quietand be was able to return two days later. This time, he managed to climb into the mouth of Kituro sothat he could take photographs and measure temperatures. Tazieff has often risked his life in this way.He has been able to tell us more about active volcan

4、oes than any man alive.【课文翻译】波兰科学家哈罗恩塔捷耶夫花了毕生的精力来研究世界各地的活火山和深洞。1948年他去了刚果的基伍湖，对一座后来被他命名为基图罗的新火山进行观察。当火山正在猛烈地喷发时， 塔捷耶夫有办法把帐篷搭在离它非常近的地方。尽管他设法拍了一些十分精彩的照片，但他却不能在火山附近停留太长的时间。他发现有一股岩浆正向他流过来，眼看就要将他团团围住，但塔捷耶夫还是设法及时逃离了。他等到火山平静下来，两天以 后又返回去。这次他设法爬进了基图罗火山口，以便能拍摄照片和测试温度。 塔捷耶夫经常冒这样的生命危险。他能告诉我们的有关活火山的情况比任何在世的人都要多。

5、New words and expressions 生词和短语violently adv.猛烈地，剧烈地manage v.设法brilliant adj.精彩的liquid 5likwid adj.液态的；n.液体escape v.逃脱alive adj. 活着的volcano n. 火山active adj. 活动的Kivu n. 基伍湖Congo n.刚果Kituro n.基图罗erupt v.(火山)喷发【生词讲解】1. volcano n. 火山(volcanoes) an active volcano活火山a dormant volcano休眠火山an extinct volcano

6、死火山disaster 灾害natural disaster 自然灾害earthquake 地震 flood 洪水typhoon 台风 hurricane 飓风storm 风暴 tornado龙卷风2. active adj.1） 活泼的，活跃的（inactive）an active childhave an active brain 头脑灵活2） 积极的，主动的（passive）take an active part in 积极参与3） 活动中的，有效的，（ 军队中 ） 现役的on active service （ 军队中 ） 服现役的4） 主动的 （ 语法 ）active voice 主动

7、语态（passive voice）actively adv. 主动地，积极地activity n. 活动 c; 活力 uoutdoor activities 户外活动club activities 社团活动activist n. 积极分子（指参与或支持激烈活动的人，尤指政治方面）3. erupt1. v. （火山）喷发eg. It's many years since the volcano last erupted.2. v. （比喻）突然发生eg. When I saw the size of the bill, I simply erupted. 当我看到巨额账单时，我简直火冒三

8、丈eruption n. 火山爆发；（医学）出诊4. violently adv. 剧烈地，猛烈地 violent adj.1. 暴力的， （人）暴戾的eg. He was violent when he got drunk. violent criminals 暴力犯罪2. 带有强烈情感的，由强烈情感引起的violent language 激烈的语言 in a violent shock 万分震惊eg. He has a violent dislike of school.他极度的厌学3. 厉害的，强烈的violent wind 强风 violent earthquakes 强烈地震 vio

9、lent toothache 剧烈的牙疼 violently adv. 猛烈地eg. The volcano erupted violently.violence n.暴力，狂热，强烈的感情with violence剧烈地5. manage v.1) 管理，经营manage a company 经营一家公司2) 控制，照顾，驾驭manage a horse 驾驭一匹马manage a child 照顾小孩manage one's money 理财3) 做成，应付-Can I help you?-No, thank you. I can manage it.eg. I can't

10、 borrow the money, so I have to manage without it. 借不到钱，所以我只能应付一下4) 产生，达到，设法做成.manage to do sth 设法成功地做成.eg. He managed to steal the Benz.He managed to get to school in time.management n. 管理，经营manager 经理6. brilliant adj.1. 非常明亮的，光辉夺目的brilliant sunshine灿烂的阳光a brilliant diamond耀眼的钻石2. 杰出的，非凡的，精彩的a bril

11、liant scientist卓越的科学家brilliant achievements非凡的成就brilliant photographs精彩的照片7. liquid1) n. 液体eg. The liquid was red.Water, milk and oil are liquids.gas 气体 solid 固体2) adj. 液态的，清澈的，透明的liquid food流食liquid rock岩浆the liquid sky 清澈的天空liquid eyes明亮的眼睛8. escape1) v. 逃脱，逃走escape from /out of 从 . 逃走两个囚犯越狱了eg. T

12、wo prisoners escaped from the prison.escape from the danger 避开危险2) 逃避，脱离escape +n. /doingescape punishmentescape being punished3) 被人遗忘，逃过( 人的 ) 注意His name escaped me. 我忘了他的名字The fact escaped my notice.我没有注意到这个事实4) n. 逃走have a narrow escape 九死一生，幸免于难escapee n. 逃脱者， (尤指)越狱者9. alive adj. 活着的（人、物）alive

13、只能做表语，后置定语，宾补，不能做前置定语eg: It is still alive （主系表 ）all those alive （ 后置定语） 那些活着的人Let's keep the fish alive. （宾补 ） - alive 作宾语 fish 的补足语alive and kicking （ 口 ） 精神饱满，活跃 living 活着的，主要作定语，也可作表语（指人、物）My first teacher is still living.（表）living things 生物 （定）Lei Feng living （后定）the living 活着的人the dead 过世的

14、人live laivadj. （定）放名词前，指物eg. Have you seen a live whale ?你见过活着的鲸鱼吗？lively 'laivli adj.活泼的，活跃的，充满生气的（人、物）eg. His class is lively and interesting.他的课生动活泼eg. We all should have a lively mind.我们都该有活跃的头脑很多以 a 开头的 adj ，被称为表语形容词。不能做前置定语：alive活着的asleep睡着了的alike相象的ahead前面的awake醒着的alone独自的【课文讲解】1. Haroun

15、Tazieff, the Polish scientist, has spent his lifetime studying active volcanoes and deep caves in all parts of the world.the Polish scientist 是主语 Haroun Tazieff 的同位语，解释主语是个什么人Polish adj. 波兰的Poland n. 波兰Pole n. 波兰人spend .(in ) somewhere在某地花费时间、金钱eg. I spent a month in Switzerland last summer.我去年夏天在瑞士

16、待了一个月spend . on sth 在某事上花费.eg: He spends about a third of his salary on a new car.他收入的三分之一都花在一辆新车上spend some time (in) doing sth.eg: She spends too much time (in) dressing herself.她花了太多的时间打扮自己lifetime n. 毕生精力spend one' s lifetime in in all parts of the world.世界各地this world今世that world黄泉every cou

17、ntry of the world 世界各国2. In 1948, he went to Lake Kivu in the Cango to observe a new volcano which he later named Kituro. to observe a new volcanoto do 不定式作目的状语，which 引导定语从句修饰volcanoobserve (see, look, watch, read)1 ) v. 观察，观测，Eg: Observe how I do this.注意看注意看我怎样做( 这件事 )2 ) v. 遵守<规则等> ( obey)Eg

18、: observe the traffic regulations 遵守交通规则3. Tazieff was able to set up his camp very close to the volcano while it was erupting violently.1) set up 竖立，架起；创立，建立Eg: They set up some stones as land marks 他们竖起一些石头当地标。Eg:He set up a company when he was only 17 .在他 17 岁的时候就创立了一家公司。2) close to离很近，与靠近Eg: He

19、parked the car close to the river. (near)Eg: Don t sit so close to the fire.3) while erupting violently4. Though he managed to take a number of brilliant photographs, he could not stay near the volcano for very long.managed to do sth 设法做成某事a number of +pl. 许多，大量a great many + pl.a good many + pl.man

20、y a + singlec 区别：the number of 表示 的数量后面要用is5. He noticed that a river of liquid rock was coming towards him.1) notice that +宾语从句注意到Eg: When he took off his hat, I noticed that he was very bald.2) notice /see/hear/watch sb. do/doing sth.Eg: I noticed a strange man going towards me.我发觉一个陌生男人正向我走来。3) a

21、 river of liquid rock.一股岩浆，暗喻的修辞手法，把岩浆比喻成河流a river of soil and stone泥石流Eg: Rivers of blood flowed during World war II.在二战中，血流成河。Eg: When she heard the news, a river of tears came down her face.当她听说了这个消息，眼泪如河水般从她脸上流下。6. It threatened to surround him completely, but Tazieff managed to escape just in t

22、ime.threaten to . 迫近（尤指不好的事情），预示危险eg: The clouds threaten to rain.乌云预示要下雨了surround v. 包围be surrounded with / by 被包围just in time 刚好，及时just1） 恰好，正当just then =just at that time正好那时Just look ! 用于祈使句以缓和语气2） 仅仅 （ only ）Eg: I was just a child then.Eg: I've come here just to see you.我来这里只是为了看你7. He wait

23、ed until the volcano became quiet and he was able to return two days later.was able to 表示成功做成某事was able to return 成功的返回了8. This time, he managed to climb into the mouth of Kituro so that he could take photographs and measure temperatures.managed to climb into 成功爬进manage to do sth. 设法做到某事, 努力完成某事（虽然很

24、费劲，但仍然做到/完成某事）try to do sth. 设法做某事，努力做某事（但并不一定成功）so that 以便于 （目的状语从句）eg: Bring it nearer so that I may see it better拿近一些，好让我看得更清楚些。eg: He saved his money so that he might go abroad in his summer holiday他把钱积蓄起来，以便暑期能出国度假。climb into / climb out ofclimb +n. 攀爬climb up 爬上climb down 爬下the mouth of Kituro

25、基图罗火山口the mouth of a tunnel隧道口the mouth of a bottle 瓶口from mouth to mouth 人传人地have a big mouth 嘴不严，说话无顾忌keep one's mouth shut 守口如瓶measure v 测量measure temperature 测量温度measure a piece of land 测量一块地measure the speed of a car 测定车速temperature 气温，温度 at a low temperature在很低的温度下take one's temperatur

26、e测量体温have/ run a temperature 发烧9. Tazieff has often risked his life in this way . risk1. v. 冒险risk +n. 以 作为赌注eg. He risked all his fortune for the new enterprise.risk doing sth 冒险做某事 eg. I'll risk being punished.risk one ' s life冒着生命危险eg: She risked her own life to help a disabled man.她冒着生命危

27、险来帮助一个残疾人 t ake a risk of 冒着的危险eg: Taking the risk of being killed, he still didn' t say anything.冒着被杀害的危险，他仍然什么也没有说。risk doing sth.冒着危险做eg: You're taking a big risk showing this to Ken. 你把这个给Ken看太冒险了。2. n. 危险at any risk无论冒什么危险run a risk 冒险 take a riskreduce the risk of sth 减少 的危险10. He has

28、been able to tell us more about active volcanoes than any man alive. tell sb sth告诉某人某事eg: Can you tell me anything about it ?tell a story讲故事eg: Please tell us a story. tell the time报时eg: Can you tell the time in English? tell the truth 说实话eg: I want you to tell me the truth.Tell a lie 说谎eg: He often

29、 tells lies tell a secret告诉一个秘密eg: If you promise not to tell anyone, I'll tell you a secret.【关键词组摘录】his lifetime studyingman aliveall parts of the worldto do sth.river of liquid rockup his camptimevolcanoone' s lifetemperaturesKey structures1. manage to . 的用法1. managed to do / was able to表示一个动作成功地完成了He was able to leave Europe before the war began.=He managed to leave Europe before the war began.战争