新通用大学英语综合教程4_unit01

1、Lesson 1Lesson 2Extended ExercisesCheckpointAgendaUNIT GOALS1. List peoples favorite ways to enjoy life more2. Describe peoples personalities3. Compare perspectives on life4. Share a life-changing experience5. Write about attitudes toward lifeLesson 1Lead-inListeningSpeakingReadingWriting333Lead-inO

2、n-the-Street Interviews: Im very outgoing .Exercise AExercise B3Exercise AHow does each woman describe herself? Write adjectives from the box under the name. You will use some words more than once. outgoing shy happy honest talkative fun Catherine Angelique San_ _ _ _ _ _ _talkativehonestshytalkativ

3、ehappyoutgoingoutgoingfunshyExercise BCheck whether each statement is true (T) or false (F).1. The three womens personalities are very different. ( )2. Angelique dislikes the city because there are so many people. ( )3. San says she has qualities that both a serious and a funny person would have. (

4、)4. Catherine says that she cannot get comfortable in new surroundings. ( )5. San says her personality changes, depending on the situation she is in. ( )6. Angelique says other people see her much as she sees herself. ( )FFFFTTListeningPart 2 Share a Life-changing ExperienceNew WordsPhrases and Expr

5、essionsProper Names33Part 1 Talk About Working in Another Country3Part 1 Talk About Working in Another CountryA. Sound BitesB. Pair WorkC. Pair Work33A. Sound BitesRead and listen to a conversation between two colleagues working temporarily in another country.GILBERT: Oh, man! Am I ready to head hom

6、e! ANNA: Are you kidding? I cant get enough of this place.GILBERT: Well, its been three weeks, and I think Ive had about enough. Im tired of eating strange food. ANNA: Wow! I feel just the opposite. I cant get over how much I enjoy being here. I love how different the food is.GILBERT: Well, not me.

7、And frankly, its a pain in the neck having to work so hard to understand what people are saying to me. ANNA: I actually think its fun trying to figure out how to communicate. Stop complaining! Youll be home before you know it!GILBERT: Fine by me. Theres no place like home.B. Pair WorkRead the conver

8、sation again. With a partner, explain the meaning of each of the following statements.“Am I ready to head home!” 2. “I cant get enough of this place.” _ _3. “I think Ive had about enough.” _4. “I cant get over how much I enjoy being here.” _5. “Its a pain in the neck having to work so hard.” _6. “Th

9、eres no place like home.” _Id rather stay close to home.I am really ready to go back home!I really like this place.I dont want to be here anymore.I cant believe how much I like it here. Its difficult to have to work so hard.C. Pair WorkRead each statement and decide who you think said it Anna or Gil

10、bert. Support your opinion with information from the conversation. “Im a little uncomfortable with places that are new to me.” “I love trying new things.” “I want some adventure in my life.” “I prefer to stick closer to home.”Part 2 Share a Life-changing ExperienceA. Listening ComprehensionB. Unders

11、tanding Meaning from ContextC. DiscussionD. Pair Work33A. Listening ComprehensionListen to each person talking about a life-changing experience. Then choose the best answer to complete each statement.1. The most significant experience of the first speakers life was when he _.a. became a father b. be

12、gan workingc. traveled to another country d. got married2. The second speakers life changed when she _.a. got a full-time job b. had a babyc. got more free time d. got married3. The third speakers perspective on life changed when he _.a. lost his home in a fire b. lost his jobc. got divorced d. had

13、a serious illnesscbaB. Understanding Meaning from ContextRead the statements. Then listen again to infer what each speaker means.1. When the first speaker says, “I was really able to see other peoples points of view,” he means that _.a. he could understand how other people feel about thingsb. he met

14、 people of different nationalities2. When the first speaker says, “It was a real eye-opener for me,” he means that _.a. the experience was a bit scaryb. the experience taught him a lot3. When the second speaker says, “It hit me that I was responsible for her,” she means that _.a. she realized she ha

15、d to take care of her babyb. she regretted she had to take care of her babyabaB. Understanding Meaning from Context4. When the second speaker says, “It is definitely a life-altering experience,” she means that _.a. the experience is not rewardingb. the experience changes a person5. When the third sp

16、eaker says, “That put things in perspective,” he means that _.a. he realized some things are not so importantb. he had to work day in and day out6. When the third speaker says, “You start to see the big picture,” he means that _.a. he understood what was really important in lifeb. he realized how mu

17、ch he had lostbaaC. DiscussionIn your own words, summarize each persons life-changing experience from the listening. Which persons experience can you identify with the most? Why?D. Pair WorkWhat are some experiences that can change a persons perspective on life? Complete the list with your partner.T

18、hings that can change ones perspective- the birth of a child- a disaster- travelNew Wordshorizon n. the limit of your ideas, knowledge, and experience; the line far away where the land or sea seems to meet the sky 视野；地平线 memorableadj. very good, enjoyable, or unusual, and worth remembering 值得纪念的，难忘的

19、 rewarding adj. making you feel happy and satisfied 有益的，值得的Phrases and Expressionsa pain in the neck（口）令人讨厌的人或事物day in and day out 天天get enough of （对某人或某事）感到厌烦get over 克服；战胜；掌握man 用以表示惊奇、赞美等Proper NamesBelgium 比利时SpeakingDescribe Peoples PersonalitiesA. Conversation SnapshotB. VocabularyC. Listening

20、 Comprehension33A. Conversation SnapshotA: Have you had a chance to meet the new manager?B: Liz? Actually, no. Have you?A: Not yet. I wonder what shes like.B: Well, everyone says shes bad news.A: You know, you cant believe everything you hear. She might turn out to be a real sweetheart. Rhythm and i

21、ntonation practiceStrategies for Speaking Ask a question to buy time Use Actually to soften a negative response Answer a question and then ask a similar one to show interest Use I wonder to elicit an opinion politely Use You know to indicate that you are about to offer advice or a suggestionA. Conve

22、rsation SnapshotB. VocabularyPersonality types.Positivea sweetheart someone who is likable and easy to get along witha team player someone who works well with other people so the whole group is successfula brain someone who is intelligent and can solve problems that are difficult for othersa people

23、person someone who likes being with and works well with other people negativea tyrant someone, especially a boss, who makes people work extremely harda workaholic someone who is always working and does not have time for anything elsea pain in the neck someone who complains a lot and often causes pro

24、blemsa wise guy someone who says or does annoying things, especially to make himself or herself seem smarter than other peopleC. Listening ComprehensionListen carefully to the conversations about peoples personalities. Infer which expression the speaker would use to describe the person.1. The woman

25、thinks that Shelly is _.a. a sweetheart b. a brain c. a pain in the neck2. The woman thinks that Peter is _.a. a workaholic b. a tyrant c. a team player3. The man thinks that Paul is _.a. a team player b. a people person c. a wise guybbcReadingText AText BVocabulary ExerciseVocabulary Activity33Text

26、 AWarm-upTextExercises33Warm-upDo you know someone (your friends or relatives) who is very optimistic? Share your information with your partner._2. Do you know who Lance Armstrong is? What do you know about him? If you do not know him, can you tell your partner a story of a person who has a strong w

27、ill?_Yes. I know a little about him. He has been fighting with serious disease. Finally, he won the Tour de France.Yes. I have a friend. He is very optimistic. Whatever difficulties he meets, he will face them in optimistic attitudes. Never give up. Never feel frustrated.Text AThe Power of Optimism

28、Martin Seligman has been studying optimists and pessimists for 25 years. He is a psychologist and the author of bestselling books that help people to be more optimistic. In his studies of world-class athletes and top performers in the business world, Seligman found that optimists perform better when

29、 they encounter difficult situations than pessimists do. According to Seligman, “When pessimists come up against an obstacle, they often quit ; when optimists meet an obstacle, they try harder.” An optimist stays in the game and instead of seeing a problem, looks for a solution. One world-class athl

30、ete who stayed in the game and is a perfect example of the power of optimism is the cyclist Lance Armstrong. In 1996, Armstrong was diagnosed with advanced testicular cancer that had spread to his lungs and brain. His doctors were not optimistic, but he was. Instead of feeling down and defeated by h

31、is serious condition, Armstrong felt challenged and prepared for his future . He found chemotherapy treatments that would not damage his lungs permanently (because a world-class cyclist needs strong lungs). He rode his bicycle 80 to 100 kilometers a day, even though he was so sick that it was diffic

32、ult for him to get out of bed. And, he had his sperm frozen so that he could have children someday, even though he was single at the time.Text A Armstrong survived cancer and won the Tour de France seven times. He has three children, a boy and twin girls. Lance Armstrong has been called a “hope mach

33、ine” and is an inspiration for those of us who need help being optimistic.athleten. someone who competes in sports competitions 运动员运动员Jim Thorpe, of Native American, French and Irish descent, is often considered the greatest all-round athlete in history.It takes many years of strenuous training to b

34、e an outstanding athlete.encounterv. experience problems, difficulties, or opposition when you are trying to do something 遇到，遭遇遇到，遭遇One rainy night the policeman had a chance to encounter with a gang of smugglers.The expedition encountered adverse weather conditions.obstaclen. something that makes i

35、t difficult for you to achieve your aim 障碍障碍; 阻碍阻碍; 妨碍妨碍Her fathers opposition remained only their obstacle.I think the biggest obstacle is for people to think differently and act differently, and other things will e up against面对某人或某物；面对某人或某物； 被某人或某事物反对被某人或某事物反对When we come up against difficulties,

36、we should cross a river in the same boat.We come up against a series of problems.feel down感到沮丧感到沮丧I feel down in the dumps.Sometimes we feel down because we didnt do as well on an exam.ExercisesExercise AExercise B3Exercises AThink of a problem you have or a difficult situation you are facing. What

37、is the problem or situation?_Now try to “see a solution.” What are three things you could do to make the situation better?1. _2. _3. _Exercises BMatch the perspectives to their definitions.1. _ optimistic a. perceiving and responding to situations in a practical way, according to what is actually po

38、ssible2. _ pessimistic b. believing that good things will happen in the future, or feeling confident that you will succeed3. _ realistic c. expecting that bad things will happen in the future or that a situation will have a bad resultbcaText BWarm-upTextComprehension Exercises33Warm-upLook at the gl

39、ass of water. Do you see the glass as half full or half empty? What does that say about your perspective on life?Text BMaintaining a Positive Perspectiveby Kali Munro, M.Ed., PsychotherapistHave you ever wondered why some people feel down and defeated when faced with difficult situations, while othe

40、rs feel challenged and hopeful? These different reactions are due to how people interpret eventswhether they think positively, from an optimistic viewpoint, or negatively, from a pessimistic viewpoint.Optimists and PessimistsThe difference between optimists and pessimists isnt a difference in life e

41、xperiences but rather in how people perceive and respond to problems. For example, an optimist who is going through a hard time feels confident that life will get better, while a pessimist is more cynical and believes life will always be difficult and painful. Pessimists tend to expect the worst and

42、 see only problems. Optimists, confronted with the same situations, expect the best. While a pessimist may give up, an optimist will look on the bright side and, instead of seeing a problem, will see a solution.Text BStaying OptimisticWhile we can learn from both optimists and pessimists, most of us

43、 need help being optimistic. Maintaining a hopeful, positive, yet realistic perspective in the face of hard times can be a real challenge one many are facing right now in the world but it is essential to living peacefully and happily. Just as it is important to recognize what is unjust and unfair in

44、 our lives and the world, it is important to see the beauty, love, generosity, and goodness as well.The Pros and ConsThere are pros and cons to both optimism and pessimism. A healthy dose of optimism can be uplifting and hopeful, while a healthy dose of pessimism can be realistic and wise. Achieving

45、 a balance of being realistic and hopeful isnt always easy.confrontv. suddenly appear and need to be dealt with 突突然面临，遭遇然面临，遭遇People who confront their difficulties bravely are people who face their difficulties bravely and try to succeed despite them.The school was confronted with a reduced Budget.

46、cynicaladj. unwilling to believe that people have good, honest, or sincere reasons for doing something 愤世嫉俗的；冷嘲热讽的愤世嫉俗的；冷嘲热讽的But another feeling rose and triumphed: something hard and cynical, self-willed and resolute.With a cynical outlook the young people today are easy to go to extremes.generosit

47、yn. willingness to give money, time, etc. 慷慨，大慷慨，大方方God made them intelligent, prided them with courage and generosity, and at the same time, gifted them with a bag of humors.I can never thank you enough for your generosity.perceivev. understand or think of something in a particular way 理解，领悟理解，领悟Ph

48、ilosophers have an avidity to know how we perceive objects.I cant perceive any difference between these coins.perspectiven. a way of thinking about something （思考问（思考问题的）角度，观点题的）角度，观点With the beginning of a new life, the artists had new sentiments and looked at their lives from a new perspective.We m

49、ust look at the problem in the right perspective.go through经历或遭受经历或遭受The love and care you have given us will encourage us to go through a long and arduous journey.They tell her that she didnt need to go through so much trouble, and she says that it was no trouble at all.in the face of不顾不顾He is quit

50、e timid and weak-willed in the face of difficulties.We are powerless in the face of such forces.the pros and cons赞成和反对的论据赞成和反对的论据We need to discuss the pros and cons of this method.He balanced the pros and cons of the situation.Comprehension ExercisesExercise AExercise B3Exercise ACheck whether each

51、 statement is true (T) or false (F).1. Some people feel down and defeated when faced with difficult situations because their problems are more difficult to deal with. ( )2. The difference between optimists and pessimists is their different attitudes towards the problems. ( )3. Optimists tend to expe

52、ct the best and see only problems. ( )4. Optimists believe life will always be difficult and painful but they can endure it. ( )5. Pessimists tend to see only problems and never see the solution. ( )6. A healthy dose of pessimism can be realistic and wise. ( )7. We can learn little from pessimists.

53、( )8. We should see both sides of our life and the world the dark side and the bright side. ( )FTFFFTFTExercise BDiscussion1. Do you agree with the author that “most of us need help being optimistic”? How do you think people can avoid negative thinking? Describe experiences from your own life.2. In

54、your opinion, are there times when optimism can be bad, or when pessimism can be good? Explain.Vocabulary ExerciseFill in the blanks in the following sentences with the words chosen from the box. Change the forms where necessary.1. Public _ to the use of recombinant DNA in genetic engineering has be

55、en mixed.2. Humanity will be forced to _ the delayed effects of having recklessly exploited the environment.3. We rarely _ more than a minute fraction of the sights and sounds that fall upon our sense organs; the great majority pass us by.4. Even in the same culture, people differ in their ability t

56、o _ and express feelings.confront realistic perspective essential generosityreaction interpret positively perceive peacefullyinterpret reactionconfrontperceiveVocabulary Exercise5. Besides natural talent, hard work and a (n) _ attitude are the keys to success.6. The author of this book often wrote a

57、bout racial issues, describing his people in a _ way.7. He says that the death of his father 18 months ago has given him a new _ on life.8. Gandhi had led his people to freedom by _ refusing to obey unjust laws.9. Although they could be selfish from time to time in the little things, they are capabl

58、e of great _.10. It is not merely desirable but _ for a teacher to have a genuine capacity for sympathy.confront realistic perspective essential generosityreaction interpret positively perceive peacefullyessential positiverealisticperspectivepeacefullygenerosityVocabulary ActivityList the words rela

59、ted to peoples personality as many as possible and repeat these words with your partner.Words related to peoples personalitycreative imaginative considerate diligent initiative ambitiousopen-minded conservative easy-going independent aggressiveconfident introverted extroverted shy warm-hearted moody

60、 WritingDescribe Optimists or PessimistsStep 1 PrewritingStep 2 Writing3Step 1 Prewriting. Brainstorming Ideas.Write words and phrases related to each perspective.Optimists Pessimiststhink positively think negatively_ _ _ _Step 1 Prewriting. Brainstorming Ideas.Use your ideas to write a topic senten