汽车专业英语(第7章)《汽车专业英语 》王锦俞主编

1、汽车专业英语Unit 7 Diagnostic Scan Tool and Oscilloscope第七单元 故障诊断仪和示波器7-1 Diagnostic Scan Tool (#1) 故障诊断仪 vKingtec Diagnostic System v金德故障诊断仪，金德故障诊断系统 vTech2=Tech2 Scan Tool#1 diagnostic tester TECH2故障诊断仪 vTouch Panel Type Tester v触摸屏式故障诊断仪，触摸屏式测试仪 vVAS 5051=Vehicle diagnostic, testing and information sys

2、tem 5051 v（大众公司）5051型车辆诊断、测试和信息装置 What Is Hand-held Tester?vThe DTCs that are stored in the ECU can be displayed on a handheld tester by establishing communication directly with the ECU.vIn addition, the hand-held tester can clear the DTCs from the ECUs memory.vThe hand-held tester provides other fu

3、nctions such as displaying the information data by communicating with the ECU by various sensors, or serving as a voltmeter or an oscilloscope. 7-2 Tech 2 Scan Tool Tech 2 故障诊断仪(#1)vsoft key 软键vselect key 选择键vaction key 作用键vfunction key 功能键 vYES 是，可以vENTER 进入，键入vEXIT 退出vNO 不vSHIFT 转换vPWR=power 电源Wha

4、t Is Diagnosis?vThe on-board diagnostic system is the vehicles self-diagnosis function that is provided by the ECU (Electronic Control Unit).vUpon receiving the signals from the sensors that detect the conditions of the vehicle, the ECU transmits signals to the actuators optimally for the current co

5、nditions.vThe ECU receives signals from the sensors in the form of voltage.vThe ECU can determine the conditions of the system by detecting the changes in the voltage of the signals that are output by the sensors.vThus, the ECU constantly monitors the input signals (voltage), compares them to the st

6、andard values that are stored in the ECUs memory, and determines any abnormal conditions.vThe graph on the left shows the characteristics of a water temperature sensor.vNormally, the voltage of the water temperature sensor should vary between 0.1V and 4.8V, if a voltage within this range is input, t

7、he ECU determines that the condition is normal. If it is a short circuit (the input voltage is less than 0.1V) or an open circuit (the input voltage is more than 4.8V), the ECU determines that it is abnormal. vIf the ECU determines the input signal to be abnormal, the ECU illuminates the MIL (Malfun

8、ction Indicator Light) to alert the driver and stores a DTC (Diagnostic Trouble Code) in its memory. 7-3 Touch Panel Type Tester Operation触摸屏式故障诊断仪操作 v一. 设定菜单SETUP MENU（#1）1、CLOCK/CALENDAR2、PRINTER BAUD3、PRINTER SELECT4、UNIT CONVERSION5、BRAND SELECT6、DATA BASE SELECT7、BACKLIGHT SET8、ENH OBD HELP（#2）

9、9、SELF TEST设定菜单1、时钟/日历2、打印机波特率3、打印机选择4、单位转换5、波特选择6、数据库选择7、后灯设定8、增强型OBD帮助9、自我测试v二. 应用APPLICATION1、DIAGNOSIS2、CUSTOMIZE3、ECU PROGRAM应用1、诊断2、自定3、ECU重编程v三. 诊断菜单DIAGNOSTIC MENU1、DATA ENGINE LIST2、DTC INFO3、ACTIVE TEST4、SNAPSHOT5、SYSTEM CHECK6、RESET MEMORY7、CHECK MODE诊断菜单（发动机）1、发动机数据菜单2、故障码信息3、主动测试4、快照(#1

10、)5、系统检查6、重设存储器7、检查模式Interpret Scan Tool Data to Determine System ConditionvA scan tool is a test computer that communicates with the PCM and other on board computers of a vehicle .The scan tool reads and displays diagnostic information provided by the PCM such as DTCs and system operating data or pa

11、rameters.v Data transmitted to the scan tool from the PCM include both digital and analog values Digital parameters are often called switch parameters or signals and are either on or off high or low yes or no An analog parameter provides a signal value with a specific minimum-to-maximum range These

12、kinds of data include analog voltage reading speed signal, temperature readings and frequency ranges. vEvery item of data transmitted from the PCM to a scan tool has specific value of signal range described in the vehicle specifications. You must have access to or knowledge of these specifications a

13、nd compare them to the scan tool readings to identify a system fault.vScan tool readings that identify an open or a short circuit are among the easiest to recognize If a resistive sensor displays a scan tool reading at or near the 5.0 volt reference voltage on which most such sensors operate the sen

14、sor circuit to the PCM is open If the scan tool voltage for such a sensor is at or near 0 volt the circuit is probably grounded.7-4 DTCs Detection Item故障码检测项目vScan tool reading of PCM input and output signals reflect values as processed by the PCM. In some systems a sensor failure will cause the PCM

15、 to ignore the signal from the failed sensor and operate on backup values stored in its own memory. In this case，the PCM may transmit the backup values to the scan tool in place of the failed sensor signal. If any particular scan tool data reading does not make sense in relation to particular proble

16、m or symptom, you should test the system component directly with a voltmeter, ohmmeter, oscilloscope, frequency counter, or other test equipment.v OBD diagnostic standards require a uniform library of diagnostic trouble codes (DTC) to be used by all carmakers. Additionally, all OBDsystems must trans

17、mit a basic list of 16 data items to a scan tool. Carmakers are free, however to “enhance” the onboard diagnostic capabilities of their control systems. Many systems provide much more than the minimum OBD diagnostic data requirements.7-5 Scan Tool Data Table（一）#1诊断仪数据（一）#1Data Stream and Indication7

18、-6 Scan Tool Data Table（二）故障诊断仪数据表（二） Outline of OBD/MOBDvThe MOBD (Multiples On-Board Diagnostic) system enables a hand-held tester to directly communicate with the ECU when the tester is connected to the DLC3 on the vehicle, in order to read Daces and data.v1. Characteristics of MOBD:vDestinations

19、: Europe and General Countriesv5 digits (P#),(B#), and (C#) *Each “#” indicates a number or an alphabet.vFor some models with diesel EFI, only 2-digit Daces will be displayed even when the tester directly communicated.vHowever is it possible to read DTC in detail through using the sub-code (1) or (2

20、) than MIL blinking pattern. v2. Principal functions of MOBD:vAble to read DacesvAble to read the ECU datavAble to perform active tests7-7 Other Abbreviations of Scan Tool故障诊断仪中其它缩略语vAccaccessory 附件vaccacceleration 加速度，加速vA/C WOT=A/C Clutch Cut Wide-open-throttle 节气门全开时空调离合器断开vACV=alternating curren

21、t voltage 交流电压vA/Fair fuel ratio 空燃比vASR=anti-slip regulation 牵引力控制，防滑调节vA/T或ATautomatic transmission 自动变速器vAVR=average 平均，平均的vB=battery (positive) voltage 蓄电池电压vBAbrake assist 制动辅助装置vCKPcrankshaft position 曲轴位置vCMPcamshaft position 凸轮轴位置vVSC=vehicle stability control ” vDCV=direct current voltage 直

22、流电压vDLC=data link connector 故障诊断插座vELDelectrical load detect 电气负荷检测vEPS=electronic power steering 电子动力转向vESPelectronic stability program 电子稳定程序（德系车用法，相当于“车辆稳定性控制装置vFREQ=frequency 频率vFTfuel trim 燃油修正vIDidentification 标识， 标识符vI/Minspection and maintenance 检查/维护(常指排放控制方面的检查/维护)vIPCinstrument panel clus

23、ter 组合仪表vISC=idle speed control 怠速控制，怠速空气控制vISSinput shaft speed 输入轴转速vmax=maximum 最大的vmin=minimum 最小的vOSSoutput shaft speed 输出轴转速vPSP=power steering pressure 动力转向油压vPWM=pulse width modulation 脉冲宽度调制，脉宽调制vPROMprogrammable read only memory 可编程只读存储器vSIRsupplemental inflatable restraint 辅助充气约束装置vSRSsup

24、plemental restraint system 辅助约束装置vSW=switch 开关vTFRtransmission fluid pressure 变速器油压vTWCthree way catalytic converter 三效催化转化器vVSC=vehicle stability control 车辆稳定性控制装置OBD /EURO STAGE OBD MONITOR INFORMATION 欧洲阶段排放标淮OBD监测器信息 7-8VAG5051 Display VAG5051显示屏 vVehicle self-diagnosis 车辆自诊断vSelect vehicle syst

25、em 选择车辆系统v01-Engine electronics 01-发动机电子设备v41-Diesel pump electronics 41-柴油泵电子设备v02-Gearbox electronics 02-变速器电子设备v12-Clutch electronics 12-离合器电子设备v22-All-wheel drive electronics 22-全轮驱动电子设备v03-Brake system electronics 03-制动系统设备v14-Suspension electronics 14-悬架系统设备v24-Traction control system 24-牵引力控制

26、系统设备v34-Self-leveling suspension 34-自调平悬架v15-Air bag 15-安全气囊v25-Immobilizer 25-防盗器，阻断器v35-Central locking 35-中控门锁v45-Interior monitoring 45-舱内监控装置v55-Headlight range control 55-前照灯照明范围控制装置vTest Instruments 测试设备vGo to 转到，到，去vPrint 打印vHelp 帮助vVehicle Self-diagnosis 车辆自诊断vSelect diagnostic function 选择诊断功能v02-Interrogate fault memory 02-查询故障存储v03-Final control diagnosis 03-最终控制诊断v04-Basic setting 04-基本设定v05-Erase fault memory 05-擦除故障存储v06-End output 06-结束输出v07-Code control unit 07-