膳食纤维与体重控制复习过程

1、膳食纤维与体重控制膳食纤维与体重控制 膳食纤维与体重控制膳食纤维与体重控制Dietary fiber and weight management 膳食纤维控制体重的可能机制膳食纤维控制体重的可能机制 含亲水基团，吸水膨胀性含亲水基团，吸水膨胀性 饱腹感饱腹感粘性、吸附性粘性、吸附性 延缓饥饿感延缓饥饿感在大肠内发酵代谢在大肠内发酵代谢 提供能量较少提供能量较少Intervention studies： the addition of dietary fiber generally decreases food intake and, hence, body weight. Mechanisms

2、： Inducing greater satiation and satiety Decreasing absorption of macronutrientsAltering secretion of gut hormonesDecreasing in energy intake and body weight loss 国外的研究：膳食纤维与体重控制国外的研究：膳食纤维与体重控制Dietary fiber and weight managementHowarth et al:mean values for published studies indicate that consumptio

3、n of an additional 14 g/day fiber for 2 days is associated with a 10% decrease in energy intake and body weight loss of 1.9 kg over 3.8 months mean energy intake in all studies was reduced to 82% by higher fiber intake in overweight/obese people versus 94% in lean people;body weight loss was 2.4 kg

4、versus 0.8 kg补充补充 DF 14g/dDF 14g/d能量摄入：减少能量摄入：减少10%10%（消瘦者：（消瘦者：6% 6% 肥胖肥胖/ /超重者：超重者：18%18%）体重：减轻体重：减轻1.9kg1.9kg（消瘦者：（消瘦者：0.8kg 0.8kg 肥胖肥胖/ /超重者：超重者：2.4kg2.4kg） 对超重对超重/ /肥胖症患者减轻体重的效果优于健康体重者肥胖症患者减轻体重的效果优于健康体重者obese individuals may exhibit a greater suppression of energy intake and body weight loss 实验

5、各组大鼠实验各组大鼠体重体重的变化情况的变化情况(g， ) )组别组别实验前体重实验前体重第第2周周第第6周周空白对照组空白对照组203.5203.58.5264.4264.419.7367.7367.729.4高脂模型组高脂模型组202.29.4 281.216.8 401.7 401.733.2MCP低剂量组低剂量组204.5204.57.8 287.3 287.313.1 396.1 396.131.8MCP中剂量组中剂量组203.6203.67.3 284.7 284.712.6 398.3 398.321.5MCP高剂量组高剂量组202.5202.58.4276.8276.812.5

6、383.2383.230.9我们的研究：我们的研究：MCP对肥胖大鼠血脂及瘦素的调节对肥胖大鼠血脂及瘦素的调节sx 实验各组大鼠脏实验各组大鼠脏体比体比的变化情况的变化情况( g， ) ) 组别组别3 3周后肝体比周后肝体比3 3周后肾体比周后肾体比6 6周后肝体比周后肝体比6 6周后肾体比周后肾体比空白对照组空白对照组2.762.760.220.220.720.720.030.032.702.700.160.160.700.700.060.06模型对照组模型对照组3.983.980.310.310.760.760.040.044.454.450.680.680.670.670.070.07M

7、CPMCP低剂量组低剂量组4.064.060.300.300.730.730.020.024.174.170.490.490.660.660.060.06MCPMCP中剂量组中剂量组4.124.120.210.210.740.740.040.043.933.930.380.380.640.640.050.05MCPMCP高剂量组高剂量组4.044.040.450.450.740.740.020.023.663.660.450.450.650.650.030.03sx 我们的研究：我们的研究：MCP对肥胖大鼠血脂及瘦素的调节对肥胖大鼠血脂及瘦素的调节 治疗组治疗组（n=129）：）：补充膳食纤维

8、补充膳食纤维1218g/d国内其他研究：膳食纤维对肥胖儿童的治疗作用国内其他研究：膳食纤维对肥胖儿童的治疗作用 进食量、摄入总热量、饥饿感、尿进食量、摄入总热量、饥饿感、尿D-D-木糖排出量木糖排出量 粪便排泄粪便排泄 空腹胰岛素、甘油三酯、胆固醇空腹胰岛素、甘油三酯、胆固醇 血红蛋白、血清铜锌浓度无显著差异血红蛋白、血清铜锌浓度无显著差异 身高增长无显著差异身高增长无显著差异 体重、腰围、臀围、腰围体重、腰围、臀围、腰围/ / 臀围、腰围臀围、腰围/ / 身高、身高、BMI BMI BMI BMI下降程度与膳食纤维食用量高度相关下降程度与膳食纤维食用量高度相关 10d10d后后2m2m后后6

9、m6m后后Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition(SACN) statement on dietary(12 /06/08) : There is no evidence for an association of fibre intake on weight change in children 世界各国对膳食纤维的推荐摄入量不同世界各国对膳食纤维的推荐摄入量不同 膳食纤维摄入的现状膳食纤维摄入的现状Present situation of Dietary fiber intakeAmericanChina 中国传统饮食习惯富含膳食纤维中国传统饮

10、食习惯富含膳食纤维生活水平提高，日常饮食结构改变生活水平提高，日常饮食结构改变 膳食纤维摄入量减少膳食纤维摄入量减少美国调查研究：成人膳食纤维摄入量约仅达推荐量的美国调查研究：成人膳食纤维摄入量约仅达推荐量的50%The average fiber intake of adults in the United States（ 15 g/day）is approximately half the recommended levels （American Heart Association recommendation of 25-30 g/day)A decline in total DF in

11、take and DF density is predicted for China in the future. This may be due to the marked changes in the dietary habits of the younger generation, and is a problematic trend for Chinese health. 膳食转型期发展中国家膳食转型期发展中国家 1.继续保持优良的传统饮食习惯继续保持优良的传统饮食习惯2.整个生命周期整个生命周期注重摄入富含膳食纤维的全谷类、豆类和蔬菜水果类等食物注重摄入富含膳食纤维的全谷类、豆类和蔬

12、菜水果类等食物对中国超重对中国超重/肥胖、心脑血管病的预防有很深远的意义肥胖、心脑血管病的预防有很深远的意义 Increasing consumption of dietary fiber with fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes across the life cycle is a critical step in stemming the epidemic of obesity in China，also may help to decrease the prevalence of cardiovascular disease a

13、nd T2DM中国饮食与膳食纤维中国饮食与膳食纤维 Chinese cuisine and Dietary fiberChina 膳食纤维食品的现状膳食纤维食品的现状 Present situation of Obesity:continues to increase dramatically in the United States and worldwide2007:only one U.S.state (Colorado) had a prevalence of obesity20%North America 7000万肥胖症，超重人数更多（万肥胖症，超重人数更多（60%70%老年人超重老年人超重/肥胖）肥胖）