北京语言大学考博英语真题常见语法及其解析

1、 北京语言大学考博英语真题常见语法及其解析(一数词与表示时间、金钱、度量衡、温度等名词这类名词作主语表示一定量或总量时,谓语动词用单数形式。例句:Two years seems a long time for a patient who has to lie in bed,and do nothing.分析:该句是复合句,who has to lie in bed,and do nothing 是修饰a patient的定语从句。译文:对于一个不得不躺在床上并且无事可做的病人来说,两年时间的确很漫长。例句:Sixty kilograms is a heavy weight for her,so

2、 she will try her best to make regular exercises for losing the weight.分析:该句是并列句。需要各大院校历年考博英语真题及其解析请加扣扣七七二六七八五三七或二八九零零六四三五一,也可以拨打全国免费咨询电话四零零六六八六九七八享受考博辅导体验。译文:60公斤对她来说的确是太重了,于是她将尽最大努力通过日常锻炼来减肥。(二分数或百分比+of+单数名词+单数动词复数名词+复数动词例句:By the third generation,one third of Hispanic women are married to non His

3、panics,and41percent of Asian American women are married to non Asians.(选自2006年Text1分析:该句是由and连接的并列句。译文:到了第三代,讲西班牙语的移民中,有1/3的妇女嫁给了不讲西 班牙语的美国人。41%的亚洲移民妇女嫁给了不是来自亚洲的美国人。例句:But the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the98percent that is irrelevant, instantaneously f

4、ocusing on the monkey at the side of a winding forest road or the single suspicious face in a big crowd.(选自2002年Text2分析:该句是复合句,主干部分是the human mind can glimpse.and disregard the98percent,分词短语focusing on在句中作伴随状语。译文:但是人类的头脑能在一瞥之下发现一个迅速改变的场景,随即忽略抛弃其中98%的无关信息,瞬间定位在蜿蜒的林间小路旁的那只猴子或人群中那张可疑的面孔上。例句:More than o

5、ne third of the Chinese in the United States live in California,predominately in San Francisco.(三集体名词army,board,family,committee,couple,crowd,crew,Jury, staff,team,public,government,community,panel(陪审团、专家小组,think tank(智囊团作主语,指整体时谓语动词用单数,指集体各成员时,谓语动词用复数。例句:The panel has not yet reached an agreement o

6、n a crucial question,however,whether to recommend legislation that would make it a crime for private funding to be used for human cloning.(选自1999年Text4分析:该句是复合句,其中that would make it.是一定语从句修饰legislation,whether to recommend.其完整形式为whether they are to recommend,本句的主干为The panel has not yet reached an ag

7、reement。译文:不过,专家小组对是否建议将私人资金用于克隆人类的行为视为犯罪这一问题尚未达成一致意见。例句:With economic growth has come centralization,fully76 percent of Japan s119million citizens live in cities where community and the extended family have been abandoned in favor of isolated,two generation household.(选自2000年Text4分析:本句是复合句,主干部分为ful

8、ly76percent of Japan s119 million citizens live in cities,介词with接一从句在句中作状语表示原因,where community and the extended family have been abandoned 是修饰cities的定语从句。译文:由于经济的发展逐渐集中化,在日本的1.19亿国民中,76%的人居住在城市,社区和大家庭逐渐被独立的、两代人组成的小家庭所取代。(四单复数同形的名词作主语sheep,deer,fish,aircraft,hovercraft,crossroads, headquarters,means,

9、series,works,species等作主语时,根据句中出现的限定词(如:a/an,a few,several,this/that,these/those, every,each,all等或代词确定谓语动词的单复数。例句:Furthermore,in the early days of long line fishing, a lot of fish were lost to sharks after they had been hooked.(选自2006年Text3分析:该句是复合句,after they had been hooked是时间状语从句。译文:另外,早期用多钩长线钓鱼,很

10、多被钩过的鱼只能葬身鲨鱼腹中。 例句:In Europe,where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the non commercial tree species are recognized as members of the native forest community,to be preserved as such,within reason. (2010年第49题分析:该句是复合句,句子的主体是the non commercial tree species are recognized as members of the native

11、 forest community, where引导的定语从句修饰Europe,不定式to be preserved修饰non commercial tree species,within reason意为“合情合理的;理智的”。译文:欧洲的林业从生态上讲较为先进,它把没有成为商业化对象的树种视为原始森林群落的一部分而适当地加以保护。(五the number of+复数可数名词谓语动词用单数;主语部分为a number of+复数可数名词,谓语动词用复数例句:When a number of people cluster together in a conversation knot,each

12、 individual expresses his position in the group by where he stands.(1997年第40题分析:该句是复合句,主句部分为each individual expresses his position in the group,by.在句中作状语,修饰expresses,where he stands作介词by的宾语从句。译文:许多人聚在一起谈话时,小组中的每个人都从自己的角度表达了个人立场。例句:Although the figure may vary,analysts do agree on another matter:that the number of the homeless is increasing,one of the federal government s studies predicts that the number of the homeless will reach nearly19million by the end of this decade.(选自2006年Use