必修三unitgrammar启用PPT教案

1、会计学1必修三必修三unitgrammar启用启用从句的语用功能从句的语用功能 英语复合句一般有三大类：英语复合句一般有三大类：名词性名词性(主语主语、宾语、表语和同位语、宾语、表语和同位语)从句；形容词性从句；形容词性(定定语语)从句；副词性从句；副词性(状语状语)从句。从句。 在复合句中起在复合句中起名词作用名词作用的从句叫的从句叫名词性名词性从句。从句。 第1页/共48页主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句第2页/共48页His job is important.What he does is important.This is his job.Th

2、is is what he does every day. 第3页/共48页 I dont like his job.I dont like what he does every day.I dont know about the man, Mr. White.I dont know about the fact that he is a teacher. 第4页/共48页Noun clauses as the object第5页/共48页 宾语从句在复合句中起宾语作用，可以作动词宾语从句在复合句中起宾语作用，可以作动词的宾语，也可以作介词和形容词的宾语。引导宾语的宾语，也可以作介词和形容词的

3、宾语。引导宾语从句词有从句词有:连词连词 that，if，whether；连接代词连接代词who，whose，what，which, whom连接副词连接副词when，where，how， why宾语从句宾语从句第6页/共48页The Object Clause(1)that引导宾语从句时无词义，也不充当引导宾语从句时无词义，也不充当任何成分任何成分,可被省略。可被省略。 I think (that) women can reach very high achievements in many fields of science.一，连词一，连词1. that引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句第7页

4、/共48页The Object ClauseA.介词后的介词后的that不能省略。不能省略。 Peter is a good student except that he is sometimes careless. (2)一般情况下一般情况下that是可以省略的，但在下列几是可以省略的，但在下列几 种情况下，种情况下，that一般不省略。一般不省略。(4种种)第8页/共48页The Object ClauseB. 并列连词并列连词and连接两个或两个以上宾语连接两个或两个以上宾语从句，从句，and前面的前面的that可省略，可省略，and后面的后面的that不能省略。不能省略。 My unc

5、le says (that) he has served here for twenty years and that he is going to retire next month.第9页/共48页The Object ClauseC. 宾语从句中有其他从属连词时，宾语从句中有其他从属连词时，that不不能省略。能省略。 He told me that if it was necessary they would work all night.第10页/共48页D. 在可以接复合宾语的动词之后，如think, make, consider等，可以用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语从句后置，在

6、这种情况下that不能省略 e.g. I thought it strange that he failed to call me我觉得奇怪：他没给我打电话。The Object Clause第11页/共48页2.由if/whether引导的宾语从句The Object Clause(1)从属连词从属连词whether/if做做“是否是否”讲时，常讲时，常用在用在ask, care, know等动词后引出带有疑问等动词后引出带有疑问意义的宾语从句，意义的宾语从句，从句保持陈述语序从句保持陈述语序，whether和和if不担当句子成分不担当句子成分,只起连接作用。只起连接作用。I wonder

7、whether/if she remembered how many babies she had delivered.第12页/共48页(2)在下列情况下一般只用whether,而不用if(多用whether少用if)1.引导主语从句并放在句首时引导主语从句并放在句首时2.引导表语从句时引导表语从句时3.引导从句做介词宾语时引导从句做介词宾语时4.从句后有从句后有or not时时5.后接动词不定时后接动词不定时6.做做discuss等词的宾语时等词的宾语时Whether she comes or not make no difference.The question is whether i

8、ts worth trying. It all depends on whether they will help us. He doesnt know whether to stay or not.第13页/共48页第14页/共48页二. 连接代词和连接副词who,whom,whose,what,which和连接副词how,when,where,why这些连词都有词义，除了引导从句外，还在从句中充当一定的成分。这种从句有疑问意义，但不是疑问句，不能用疑问语序，而要用陈述语序。 The Object Clause第15页/共48页 The Object Clause1.Do you know

9、who/whom Jack was speaking to?2.He asked whose car it was.3.Pay attention to what the doctor said.4.Please tell me when the earthquake took place.5.Will you tell me how I can keep fit and healthy?第16页/共48页在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词之后的宾语从句中，如果从句谓语是否定含义，则不用否定形式,而将主句谓语动词think等变为否定形式; e.g. I do

10、nt think you are right 我想你是不对的。宾语从句中的一些注意事项宾语从句中的一些注意事项1，宾语从句中的否定转移，宾语从句中的否定转移第17页/共48页（1）主句使用现在时，从句可使用任何时态；（2）主句使用一般过去时，从句除表示“真理”可使用现在时态外，一律使用过去时态。I think that you are right.Lin Tao thought the TV play was very boring. My brother told me that the earth is round.2.宾语从句的时态取决于主句的时态第18页/共48页She insiste

11、d that they (should) show her their passports.He suggested that we (should) have a further discussion about the final decision.3.在suggest, insist, order, demand, request, command等表示“建议，命令，要求，欲望”等词后面的宾语从句使用虚拟语气，(should) +V原形。第19页/共48页 4，语序问题第20页/共48页whenif/whetherwhatwhose在下列各空白处填上适当的连接词，使句意通顺。第21页/共

12、48页根据汉语完成句子。 第22页/共48页Noun clauses as the predicative第23页/共48页1. that 引导的表语从句引导的表语从句 that 仅起连接作用，无意义，在句中不仅起连接作用，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，通常不可省略。这种从句作任何成分，通常不可省略。这种从句往往是对主句主语的内容起进一步解释往往是对主句主语的内容起进一步解释的作用。的作用。e.g. The fact is that we have lost the match.在从句中作表语的从句称作表语从句。表语从句表语从句第24页/共48页2. whether 引导的表语从句 连接词whe

13、ther起连接作用， 意为“是否、究竟、到底”（注意：if不能引导表语从句) 在句中也不作任何成分。e.g. The question is whether that man will turn up in time.第25页/共48页3. what, which, who, whom, whose引导的表语从句 连接代词what, which, who, whom, whose除在句子中起连接作用外，还可在从句中充当主语、表语、定语，且各有各的词义。The Predicative Clause第26页/共48页e.g. Tom is no longer what he used to be.

14、 The question is which of us should come first. The problem is who is really fit for the hard job. The important thing is whose name should be put on the top of the list.第27页/共48页4. where, when, why, how引导的表语从句 连接副词where, when, why, how除在句中起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间、地点、方式、原因状语，本身具有词义。The Predicative Clause第28

15、页/共48页e.g. Thats where I cant agree with you. This is why Sara was late for the meeting. This is how they overcome the difficulties. My strongest memory is when I attended an American wedding.第29页/共48页5. 其他连词as if, because, as, as though 引导的表语从句 because引导表语从句通常只用于“This/That/It is because”结构中。 as if/

16、though引导的表语从句常置于连系动词look, seem, sound, be, become等后面，常用虚拟语气，表示不存在的动作或状态。The Predicative Clause第30页/共48页e.g. It sounds as if/though somebody was knocking at the door. My anger is because you havent written to me for a long time.第31页/共48页高考链接1.-Are you still thinking about yesterdays game? -Oh, thats_

17、 . (2003北京春季)A. what makes me feel excitedB. whatever I feel excited about C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited A解析解析： 这是由这是由what 引导的一个表语从句，在从句中充引导的一个表语从句，在从句中充当主语，这句话的意思为：那是使我感到兴奋的事。故当主语，这句话的意思为：那是使我感到兴奋的事。故答案为答案为A。第32页/共48页2.-I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. -Is that_ you had

18、 a few days off? (NMET1999)A.why B.when C.what D.where 解析:这是一个由why引导的表语从句,表示原因.这句话的意思是这就是你离开的原因吗?。故答案为A。A第33页/共48页3.Perseverance is a kind of quality and thats _ it takes to do anything well. ( 2002上海春季) A. what B. that C. which D. why 解析:what在表语从句中作takes的宾语,构成It takes sth. to do sth.的句型。答案为A。A第34页/

19、共48页4.When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly_ he wants . (2002上海春季) A.what B.which C.when D.that 解析:这是一个宾语从句,wants后面缺少宾语,Always give the monkey exactly what he wants是一句谚语,意思是永远给予他人他确实想要的东西。故答案为A。A第35页/共48页Review宾语从句在复合句中起宾语的作用，可以

20、作动词的宾语，也可以作介词的宾语。表语从句在复合句中作句子的表语。第36页/共48页第37页/共48页1. The best moment for the football star was _ he scored the winning goal. （2014北京）A. where B. when C. how D. why 2. Pick yourself up. Courage is doing _ youre afraid to do. (2014福建)A. that B. what C. how D. whether 第38页/共48页3. As John Lennon once s

21、aid, life is _ happens to you while you are busy making other plans. (2014湖南)A. which B. that C. what D. where 4. What a mess! You are always so lazy! Im not to blame, mum. I am _ you have made me. (2014江苏)A. howB. whatC. thatD. who 第39页/共48页5. At first he hated the new job but decided to give himse

22、lf a few months to see _ it got any better. (2009北京) A. when B. how C. why D. if6. The little girl who got lost decided to remain _ she was and wait for her mother. (2009山东) A. where B. what C. how D. who 第40页/共48页7. We havent discussed yet _ we are going to place our new furniture. (2010全国I) A. tha

23、t B. which C. what D. where8. Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew _ she was so angry. (2010湖南) A. where B. whether C. that D. why第41页/共48页 9. I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays. Thats _ I dont agree. You should have a more ac

24、tive life. (2010江苏) A. where B. how C. when D. what10. One reason for her preference for city life is _ she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants. (2010上海) A. that B. how C. what D. why第42页/共48页11. Weve offered her the job, but I dont know _ shell accept it. (2011山东) A. where B. what C. whether D. which12. The villagers have already known _ well do is to rebuild the bridge. (2011江西) A. this B. that C. what D. which第43页/共48页13. Id like to start my own business thats _ Id do if I had the money. (2011陕西) A. why