宾语从句和表语从句

1、Unit3 Grammar1.I must say I really enjoyed it.2.I think it is funny to make a bet like that.3.Henry tells the brothers that he worked for a mining company in America.4.Henry tells them that he is hoping to find a job.5.The brothers want to know whether Henry has any money.6.I think Henry will be hap

2、py with what is inside the envelope.Object clause 宾语从句宾语从句ClauseAdverbial clause 状语从句状语从句Attributive clause 定语从句定语从句Noun clauseSubject clause 主语从句主语从句Object clause 宾语从句宾语从句Predicative Clause 表语从句表语从句Appositive clause 同位语从句同位语从句4 名词性从句名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，

3、名词性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句从句可分为主语从句、表语从句 、宾语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。和同位语从句。1、宾语从句、宾语从句 宾语从句在复合句中起宾语作用，可以作宾语从句在复合句中起宾语作用，可以作及物动词和及物动词和介词介词的宾语，也可以置于某些的宾语，也可以置于某些形容词形容词,如如afraid，sure，surprised，happy，glad, pleased d等，后作宾语。等，后作宾语。一、由连接词一、由连接词that引导的宾语从句，不充当任何句子成引导的宾语从句，不充当任何句子成分。口语中常省略此分。口语中常省略此that，但是如果从句为并列句，第，但是如果从句为并列句

4、，第二个分句的二个分句的that常不省。常不省。 I suggest （that） she _ the work alone. Our teacher said the test was important and _ prepare for it well.(我们应该）我们应该） should dothat we should注注在一些动词，如在一些动词，如think，find，make, consider等等后后，一般用，一般用it作为形式宾语，而把真正的宾语作为形式宾语，而把真正的宾语后置。此时后置。此时that不可以省略。不可以省略。我发现我们每天背单词很有帮助我发现我们每天背单词很有

5、帮助We find it helpful that we recite the words everyday.二、关联词引导的宾语从句二、关联词引导的宾语从句 用用 who, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever，whichever 等等 关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，但是要用但是要用陈述句陈述句语气。语气。我不知道他已告诉了你什么。我不知道他已告诉了你什么。 I dont know what he has told you.我总是在想你为什么能成功。我总是在想你为

6、什么能成功。I always think of why you can succeed.3.whether/if 引导宾语从句引导宾语从句 表示表示“是否是否”，常用于常用于ask，care，know，wonder 等动词之后。从句中仍保持陈述句语序。等动词之后。从句中仍保持陈述句语序。注注下列情况一般只用下列情况一般只用whether，不用，不用if1、从句后有、从句后有 or not2、宾语从句位于、宾语从句位于介词介词之后时之后时3、后接、后接不定式不定式 whether to4、引导、引导主语从句主语从句5、引导、引导表语从句表语从句那完全取决于他是否会来。那完全取决于他是否会来。It

7、 all depends on _ he will come.whetherI want to know if/whether the news is true. 4.在在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词之后等动词之后的宾语从句中，如果从句谓语是否定含义，的宾语从句中，如果从句谓语是否定含义，则不用否定形式则不用否定形式,而将主句谓语动词变为否定而将主句谓语动词变为否定形式形式,称之为称之为“否定转移否定转移”。 我想你是不对的。我想你是不对的。 e.g. I dont think you are right 5.注意在某些动词，如注意在某些动词，如requ

8、est，command，advise，suggest，insist 等词后面的宾语从句等词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气，即要使用虚拟语气，即: sb（should）do sb/sth (should) be done 1. Our teacher told us_ (光速比声速快多了光速比声速快多了).2. I didnt tell him _ (我参加了哪个项目我参加了哪个项目).3. I _ (认为他没有时间玩电脑认为他没有时间玩电脑).4. They are thinking about _ (这答案是否正确这答案是否正确). 根据汉语完成句子根据汉语完成句子 (that) light

9、travels much faster than sound. which event I took part indont think he has time to play computerswhether the answer is right.1. He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago. 2. She has remained where I stood yesterday for an hour.3. His suggestion is that we should stay calm. 4. The question is

10、 when he can arrive at the hotel. 一个从句在复合句中作主句的表一个从句在复合句中作主句的表 语，这个从句就叫作语，这个从句就叫作表语从句表语从句。表语。表语从句位于主句中的连系动词之后。从句位于主句中的连系动词之后。如如 bebe动词，动词，remainremain，becomebecome，seemseem，appearappear，looklook，feelfeel，proveprove等。等。The fact is that I earned my passage Thats why weve given you the letter.她一直在我昨天站的

11、地方站了一个小时。她一直在我昨天站的地方站了一个小时。 She has remained _ I stood yesterday for an hour. 他已经成为了他他已经成为了他10年前想成为的。年前想成为的。 He has become _ he wanted to be ten years ago. 他的建议是，我们应该保持冷静。他的建议是，我们应该保持冷静。 His suggestion is _ we should stay calm. 连接表语从句的连接词有：连词连接表语从句的连接词有：连词 that， whether，as if, because 连接代词连接代词 who,

12、whom, whose, which, what 连接副词连接副词 when , where, how, why 等。等。那就是她考试不及格的原因。那就是她考试不及格的原因。That is _ she failed to pass the exam.thatwhywhere what1.that 引导表语从句，仅起连接作用，但是一般不能省略。引导表语从句，仅起连接作用，但是一般不能省略。对主句起进一步解释作用。对主句起进一步解释作用。 基本结构：基本结构： 主语主语+系动词系动词+that+从句从句2.表语从句中表示是否用表语从句中表示是否用whether而不用而不用if。3.because

13、引导表语从句通常只用于引导表语从句通常只用于“It/That/This is/was because ”结构结构之中之中.4.主语是主语是suggestion，advice，order，command等词时，等词时，表语从句应该使用虚拟语气。表语从句应该使用虚拟语气。5.主语是主语是the reason 或或 why 时，常用时，常用that引导表语从句，引导表语从句，而不用而不用because。His command is that we_ work there.should1. He said the text was very important and we should learn

14、it by heart.2. My worry is that he can get there on time.3. The reason why he failed was because he hadnt studied hard.4. What we need are time.5. Here are two books. You can take whatever you want.isthatwhetherthatwhichever1. The reason was that he was lost at sea and brought to England by another

15、ship.2. One of his problems is that he doesnt know anybody in London. Another problem is that he has no money.3.The embassy was where he thought he would get it.4.His concern is how to find a job/how he can find a job.5.The brothers concern is whether Henry has any money.6.The envelope is what the b

16、rothers give to Henry.Answer key for Exercise 4 on page 21Suggested answers to Exercise 5 on page 21as if they didnt care about Henrys feelings at all.how people behave when they are rich.what I want to knowthat a lot of people like reading them.1.With this money/Having this money, you can buy whate

17、ver you want.2.The problem remains whether they can help us.3.This is where his father once lived 10 years ago.4.No one/Nobody knows exactly/ is sure what people will look like after a million years.5.My opinion is that we should think it over before we make the decision.6.I think you had better seek a new solution to the problem.I think it best that you seek a new solution1.as if it was/were