口语大赛---图表描述解析

1、年口语大赛一图表描述解析作者:日期:口语大赛培训教案（一）-现场描述（看图说话）一、图表描述应注意的问题1）总趋势的描述必须准确，要看出总的规律、趋势，抓住特征。2）要突出重点，抓住图表中的极端点。如：最大或最小、最多或最少、最好和最3）图表往往提供大量数据，选手应该仔细观察分析，从中选择有效信息，图表上资料、数据的描述必须选择重点，不能事无巨细，一一列出。4）充分利用图表中提供的文字或说明。同样，图表中没有的信息不能凭主观任意捏造。5）说明、描述图表时应该注意动词时态，属于过去发生的应该用一般过去时，属于经常发生的应该用一般现在时。6）句子结构要力求有变化，不要总是一个句型，尤其要注意分词短

2、语和其它小短语的穿插运用。7）应该熟练掌握一些固定句型和表达方式。并要将这些表达练熟，不要出错。8）文章的结构应该规范。即：introduction,mainbodyandconclusion三个部分。通常开头30个字左右，中间100个字左右，结尾20到30个字。二、图标描述常识1、图形种类及概述法数据图表：adatagraph/chart/diagram/illustration/table饼图：piechart表格图：table直方图或柱形图：barchart/histogram趋势曲线图：linechart/curvediagram流程图或过程图：flowchart/sequencedi

3、agram程序图：processing/proceduresdiagram圆柱图：columnchart描述：Show/describe/illustrate/apparent/reveal/represent/demonstrate/indicate/depict2、图表中的数据（Data）具体表达法1）数据（Data）在某一个时间段固定不变：fixedintime在一系列的时间段中转变：changesovertime持续变化的data在不同情况下：增力口：increase/raise/rise/goup减少：decrease/growdown/drop/fall波动：fluctuate/r

4、ebound/undulate/wave稳定：remainstable/stabilize/leveloff最常用的两种表达法：动词+副词形式（Verb+Adverbform）形容词+名词形式（Adjective+Nounform）32）表示数据变化的单词或者词组rapid/rapidly迅速的，飞快的，险峻的dramatic/dramatically戏剧性的，生动的significant/significantly有意义的，重大的，重要的sharp/sharply锐利的，明显的，急剧的steep/steeply急剧升降的steady/steadily稳固的，坚定不移的gradual/grad

5、ually渐进的，逐渐的slow/slowly缓慢的，不活跃的slight/slightly轻微的、略微地stable/stably稳定的3）其它在描述中的常用到的词significantchanges图中一些较大变化noticeabletrend明显趋势duringthesameperiod在同一时期grow/grew增长distribute分布，区别unequally不相等地inthecaseofadv.在的情况下intermsof/inrespectof/regarding在方面incontrast相反，大不相同governmentpolicy政府政策marketforces市场规率me

6、asuren.尺寸，方法，措施v.估量，调节forecastn.先见，预见v.预测三、我们已经提过图表作文可细分为表格、曲线图、柱形图和圆形图。弄懂这四种图在写作方面的各自特点，我们才可以写好这种类型的作文：1）表格形式要求考生对表格中所给出的大量数字进行比较分析，从中找出其变化规律。2）曲线图形式要求考生认真观察坐标系所显示的数据信息，并且密切注意交汇在坐标横轴和纵轴上的数字及单位。3）柱形图形式要求考生通过宽度相等的柱形的高度或长度差别来判断事物的动态发展趋势，因此考生应密切关注坐标线上的刻度单位及图表旁边的提示说明与文字。4）圆形图形式旨在要求考生准确理解并阐述一个被分割成大小不等切片的

7、圆形图所传达的信息。考生应清楚掌握部分与整体，部分与部分之间的相互关系，这种关系通常是以百分比的数字形式给出的。四、一些较常用的描述用法Thetable/chartdiagram/graphshows（that）4Accordingtothetable/chartdiagram/graphAs(is)showninthetable/chartdiagram/graphAscanbeseenfromthetable/chart/diagram/graph/figures,Figures/statisticsshows(that).Itcanbeseenfromthefigures/statist

8、icsWecanseefromthefigures/statisticsItisclearfromthefigures/statisticsItisapparentfromthefigures/statisticsTable/chart/diagram/graphfigures(that)Thetable/chartdiagram/graphshows(that)Itcanbeseenfromthefigures/statisticsWecanseefromthefigures/statisticsTable/chart/diagram/graphshows/describes/illustr

9、ateshow1. Asisshownbythegraph；(概述图表)inthetable.e.g.正如曲线所示，最近54年来该国人口飞速增长。Asisshownbythegraph,therehasbeenarapidincreaseinthepopulationofthecountryinthepastfiveyears.2. Itcanbeseenfromthetablethat(得出结论)showngraph;concludedfigures;estimatedstatisticse.g.A.从表中所给的统计数字可以看出，从1985年到1990年中国的人均收入迅速提高。Fromthe

10、statisticsgiveninthetableitcanbeseenthattheaveragepersonalincomeoftheChinesepeopleincreased(grewrose)rapidlyfrom1985to1990.B.从曲线图可以得出结论，最近5年来中国人口的出生率已经大大下降。ItcanbeconcludedfromthegraphthattherehasbeenagreatdeclineinbirthratesinChinainthepastfiveyears.3.amountto(数量总计)adduptocometosumuptoe.g.全部费用合计200

11、美元。Alltheexpenses(costs)amountto(=addupto)$200.4.increasefromto(数量增减)decrease/rise/fall/drope.g.A.这个工厂生产的彩电已由1986年的5000台增加到1990年的21000台。ThenumberofcolorTVsetsproducedbythefactoryincreased(rose,grew,climbed)from5000in1986to21000in1990.B.参加者的人数增加到30万。Thenumberofparticipantsgrewupto300000persons=increa

12、sed,reaching300000persons).C.这个学校的教职工人数已减少到700人Thenumberofteachingstaffmembersinthisschoolhasdecreasedto700persons.5.(be)threetimesas+形容词+as总产量totaloutput钢的年产量theannualoutputofe.g.上升17%riseby17percentsteel日产量thedailyoutput导致产量下降resultinadiminishedoutput现在我们地区的粮食产量相当于1970年的3倍。Thegrainproduction(=outp

13、ut)inourareanowisthreetimesasgreatasthatof1970.6.Comparedwith,e.g.与去年相比，今年13项主要产品的产量都有大幅度增长。Comparedwiththatoflastyear,theoutputof13mainproducts(=items)thisyearhasincreasedtoagreatextent.7.Thereis(was)arapidriseinbeontherise/hasbeensharpincreaseontheincrease/suddendecreaseonthedecline/steadydecline/

14、gradualfall/slowdrop/slighte.g.最近几年来这个地区的棉花产量有了迅速增长。Thecottonoutputinthisareahasincreasedrapidlyinthepastfewyears.“结尾”段落中常用的句型：1.Inmyopinion,2.Personally,I3.Inshort(=Inbrief),4.Inconclusion,5.AsfarasImconcerned,6.Toconclude,itseemsclearthat至于说到我，我赞成前一种观点。所以，我的结论是，只要我们坚持正确的东西，改正错误的东西，我们就一定能成功。Asfaras

15、Imconcerned,Iminfavoroftheformerview.Therefore,myconclusionisthatwearecertaintosucceedaslongaswesticktowhatisrightandcorrectwhatiswrong.五、英语图表写作套句精选1. Thetableshowsthechangesinthenumberof该表格描述了在年之年间数量的变化2. Thebarchartillustratesthat该柱状图展示了3. Thegraphprovidessomeinterestingdataregarding该图为我们提供了有关有趣数据

16、。overtheperiodfromto4. Thediagramshows(that)该图向我们展示了5. thepiegraphdepicts(that)该圆形图揭示了6. Thisisacuregraphwhichdescribesthtrendof这个曲线图描述了的趋势。7. thefigures/statisticsshow(that)数据(字)表明8. Thetreediagramrevealshow该树型图向我们揭示了如何9. thedata/statisticsshow(that)该数据(字)可以这样理解10. Thedata/statistics/figuresleadust

17、otheconclusionthat这些数据资料令我们得出结论11. asisshown/demonstrated/exhibitedinthediagram/graph/chart/table如图所示12. accordingtothechart/figures根据这些表(数字)13. Asisshowninthetable如表格所小14. ascanbeseenfromthediagramgreatchangeshavetakenplacein从图中可以看出，发生了巨大变化。15. fromthetable/chart/diagram/figure,wecanseeclearlythato

18、ritisclear/apparentfromthechartthat从图表我们可以很清楚(明显)看到16. Thisisagraphwhichillustrates这个图表向我们展示了17. Thistableshowsthechangingproportionofa&bfronto该表格描述了年到年间a与b的比例关系。18. thegraph,presentedinapiechartshowsthegeneraltrendin该图以圆形图形式描述了总的趋势。19. Thisisacolumnchartshowing这是个柱型图，描述了20.ascanbeseenfromthegra

19、phthetwocurvesshowthefluctuationof如图所示，两条曲线描述了的波动情况。21.Overtheperiodfromtotheremainedlevel.在至期间，基本不变。22.Intheyearbetweenand在年到期间23.inthe3yearsspanningfrom1995through19981995年至1998三年里24.Fromthenon/fromthistimeonwards从那时起25.thenumberofremainedsteady/stablefrom（month/year）to（month/year）。月（年）至月（年）的数量基本不

20、变。26.Thenumbersharplywentupto数字急剧上升至27.Thepercentageofstayedthesamebetweenand至期间的比率维持不变。28.thefigurespeakedatin（month/year）的数目在月（年）达到顶点，为29.Thepercentageremainedsteadyat比率维持在30.Thepercentageofisslightlylarger/smallerthanthatof的比例比的比例略高（低）。31.Thereisnotagreatdealofdifferencebetweenand与的区别不大。32.thegra

21、phsshowathreefdincreaseinthenumberof该图表表明的数目增长了三倍。33.decreasedyearbyyearwhileincreasedsteadily.逐年减少，而逐步上升。34.thesituationreachedapeakahighpointat）of%.35.Thefigures/situationbottomedoutin数字一（情况）在达到底部。36.Thefiguresreachedthebottom/alowpoint/hitatrough.数字（情况）达到底部（低谷）。37.Aistimesasmuch/manyasb.a是b的倍。38.

22、Aincreasedbya增长了39.Aincreasedtoa增长到40.high/low/great/small/percentage比彳氐高（低）41.Thereisanupwardtrendinthenumberof数字呈上升趋势42.Aconsiderableincrease/decreaseoccurredfromto到发生急剧上升。43.fromtotherateofdecreaseslowsdown.从到，下降速率减慢。44.fromthisyearon,therewasagradualdeclinereductioninthe,reachingafigureof从这年起，逐渐

23、下降至45.besimilarto与相似46.Bethesameas与相同47.Therearealotofsimilarities/differencesbetweenand与之间有许多相似（不同）之处48.ahassomethingincommonwithba于b有共同之处。49.Thedifferencebeweenaandbliesina与b之间的差别在于50.（year）witnessed/sawasharprisein-年急剧上升口语大赛培训教案（二）9的情况（局势）到达顶（高）点，为百分点-现场描述（看图说话）一、图表常用经典句子：图表常用经典句子：开头：1. Ascanbese

24、enfromthechart/graph/table.2. Itcanbeseenfromthestatisticsthat.3. Asrevealed/shown/stated/notedinthepicture.4. Thechartgivesinformationthat.描述：1. Therewasarise/increase/upwardtrendfrom.to.2. Ithasrisentoanaverageof.3. Therewasafall/decrease/reduction/decline/drop/downwardtrendfrom.to.4. Ithasfallen/

25、dropped/declinedto.结论：1. Fromtheanalysesabove,wecandrawtheconclusionthat.2. Fromthedatawegatheredfromtheabovegraph,wecanconcludethat.3. Accordingtotheinformationgatheredabove,wemayreachtheconclusionthat.4. Accordingtowhathasbeendiscussedabove,wecanarriveattheconclusionthat.5. Thegraphreflectsthat.用于

26、引言段的句子：1. Whenaskedabout.themajorityofpeoplesay.2. Nowadays,moreandmorepeoplearebeginningtorealizetheimportanceof.3. Withthedevelopmentof.greatchangeshavetakenplacein.4. Thereisageneraldiscussionabout.5. Manypeopleoftenaskthisquestion.6. Thereisnodoubtthat.7. Itiswell-known/generally/said/argued/hel

27、dthat.8. Somepeopleargue/claimthat.用于扩展段的句子1. Thereareseveralreasonsfor.butingeneral,theycomedowntothreemajorones2. Itcanbeeasilyprovedthat.3. Nonecandenythat.4. Therearemanyfactorsthatmayaccountfor.butthefollowingarethemosttypicalones5. Manywayscancontributetosolvingthisproblem,butthefollowingonesm

28、aybemosteffective6. Generallyspeaking,theadvantagescanbelistedasfollows7. Inmanycases,however,thereissomethingbeyondourexpectation,yetwecancompareandcontrastalltherelevantfactorsandfindawayoutinbetween8. Wecantakeitforgrantedthat.10提出与前面相反的观点：1. Asapopularsayinggoes,“Acoinhastwosides.2. Butasmostoth

29、erthings,ithasitsownproblems.3. However,itisnotwithoutshortcomings.4. Butthingsarechangingfromplacetoplace/fromtimetotime/frompersontoperson,andnothingshouldbetakeninisolation.5. Besides,wecantneglectthefactthat.6. Inspiteoftheadvantages,italsohasitsowndisadvantages.7. Differentpeoplehavedifferentvi

30、ewson.8. Whenitcomesto.9. Despitetheirsimilarities,AandBarealsodifferent.10.ThemoststrikingdifferenceisthatA.,whileB.提出自己的观点：1. Contrarytothepopularthought,Iprefer.2. AsfarasIamconcerned.3. Whileitisgenerallybelievedthat.Iarguethat.4. Frommypointofview.5. Inmyopinion.6. Myviewonitisasfollows.7. Tote

31、llyouthetruth.用于结尾段的句子：1.From/Accordingtowhathasbeendiscussed/analyzedabove,wecandraw/reach/cometo/arriveattheconclusionthat.2.Inaword/Inbrief/Inconclusion.3.Itmightbethetimethatsomeattentionshouldbepaidto.4.Takingintoaccountallthesefactors,wemaysafelyarriveattheconclusionthat.5.Itishightimethatwepu

32、tanendtothetendencyof.6.Wemustlookforaimmediatemethod/measure,ifthecurrenttendencyisallowedtocontinue/proceed,itwillsurely/certainlyleadto/resultintheheavycostof.7.Noeffectivesolutioncanbeathandtodealwiththeproblemof.butthecommon/generalrecognitionoftheimportanceof.mightbethefirststeptowards.8.There

33、isnoeasymethodtotheproblemof.,but.mightbehelpful.9.Thereisnodoubtthatspecialattentionmustbepaidtotheproblemof.10.Itisnecessarythateffectiveactionshouldbetakentopreventthesituation.11.Itremainstobeseenwhether.buttheprospectisnotencouraging.12.Toreversethetrendisnotaneasyjob,anditrequiresakeenconsciou

34、snessof.习题一:11假如你是李华，在最近的研究性学习当中，受21世纪中学生英语报(The21stCentury)之邀，你对 你 所 在 的 班60名 同 学 ( 男 女 各 半 ) 进 行 了 上 网 目 的 的习题二：下列表格为某市1996年与2006年人们度假方式的情况比较，请按表格内容写一篇150词左右的短文，并对度假方式变化原因加以简要评析。年度19962006原因境外旅游11%22%收入增加海边度假38%31%海水污染爬山野营11%34%回归自然12习题一：Ihaverecentlymadeasurveyamong30boysand30girlsinmyclassaboutt

35、heirpurposeofgettingontheInternet.Thegirlsfavoriteischatting,butfewboyslikeit.Whattheboysliketodomostisplayinggamesandthegirlsalsolikeit.Bothboysandgirlsliketoreadnewsorsende-mailsontheInternet.Maybetheythinkitsthemostconvenientwaytogetinformationfromkeepingintouchwithfriends.Asforstudying,thenumber

36、sofboysandgirlsareequal,butaltogetheronlyseveralofthemwillusetheInternetasatooltostudy.Inmyopinion,usefulastheInternetis,thestudentshadbettermakebetterandwiseuseofit.Otherwise,itsimpossibleforustobenefitfromit.Moreover,IalsohopetheparentswillpayenoughattentiontotheirchildrenusingtheInternetintheirsparetime.习题二：Thewaypeoplespendtheirholidayschangedalotfrom1996to2006.Thetableshowsthatagreaternumberofpeoplespenttheirholidaystravelingabroadin2006.Therateof2006(22%)doubledthatof1996(11%).Wearesuretha