新世纪大学英语ppt课件

1、Topic-related PredictionsCompound DictationBackground InformationWarm-up QuestionsDirections: Listen to the following passage and fill in the blanks.Though communicating is probably the most skill for sustaining any loving relationship, we seem to be talking to ourselves most of the time. Either we

2、are about what we want to say or we are unable to put it into the right words. And good listeners are as rare as speakers. Sharing, so vital to loving communication, stops when you sense the other person has listening. Any loving relationship will be if each party acts upon these suggestions:Tell me

3、 often that you love me, through your actions and words. Dont that I know it. I may look and even deny that I need the attention but dont believe me. Do it anyway. me often for jobs well done, and me when I fail. Dont take what I do for you for granted.unclear_essential _sensitive_ceased_enhanced_as

4、sume_embarrassed_Compliment_reassure_DiscussionTopic-related PredictionsCompound DictationBackground InformationWarm-up Questions Knowing that I have the power to comfort you makes me stronger. Remember, though I love you, I cant read your mind. They bring vitality to our relationship. The world is

5、full of delights and rich in possibilities. Allow the unplanned and the unpredictable to enliven our routines. Listen to me without judgment. . Its my experience and therefore important and real to me.Let others know you value me. Public affirmation of our love makes me feel special and proud.Let me

6、 know when you feel low or lonely or misunderstood_.Express joyous thoughts and feelings spontaneously_. insignificant or not realDont tell me what I feel is _Discussion Topic-related PredictionsCompound DictationDiscussionBackground InformationWarm-up Questions Generation Gap Topic-related Predicti

7、onsCompound DictationDiscussionBackground InformationWarm-up Questions The term “generation gap” first came into prominence in Western countries during the 1960s. It was used to describe the cultural differences between the baby boomers (those who were born just after World War II) and their parents

8、. Several examples of generational differences were prominent during the period. Rock music and soul music (灵乐), popular among the young, were mostly detested by their elders. Long hair on young males was frequently seen as a shocking act of rebellion against societal norms by their parents. Some tr

9、aditional mores (风俗) were crumbling. And many young people “dropped out” into the hippie (嬉皮士) counterculture. A common catchphrase of the era among young people was “dont trust anyone over 30.” The influence of the baby boomers was so significant that the entire generation was named “Man of the Yea

10、r” by Time magazine in 1966. Since then, the term “generation gap” has been used to describe differences in cultural norms between a younger generation and their elders. It occurs when older and younger people do not understand each other because of their different experiences, opinions, habits and

11、behavior.Topic-related PredictionsCompound DictationDiscussionBackground InformationWarm-up QuestionsDirections: In groups of three or four, discuss the following topic: What are the key factors that contribute to effective face-to-face communication?Topic-related PredictionsCompound DictationDiscus

12、sionWarm-up QuestionsBackground Information Warm-up QuestionsCompound DictationBackground InformationDiscussionTopic-related Predictions1.2. What kind of persons would you like to make friends with?Suppose you have two classmates. One of them is very talkative but seldom listens, while the other see

13、ms a good listener who speaks little. Which one do you like better?3.Do you consider yourself a good listener? Do you hope others to listen to you attentively when you are speaking or explaining something?Warm-up QuestionsTopic-related Predictions1.The title is a question. How does the title strike

14、you? How will the author try to answer the question? Take a guess.2. If you were given the same title and were asked to write an essay, what ideas would you like to convey and how would you arrange them in a coherent way?Compound DictationBackground InformationDiscussionPart Division of the TextFurt

15、her UnderstandingText Analysis Parts ParagraphsMain Ideas12312457The rise of the issue: peoples complaints about others not listening; the possible consequences of the problem.The analysis of the reasons for the failure in communication: misunderstanding resulting from poor listening.How we can be g

16、ood listeners.48Conclusion: restatement of the importance of listening.1. How does the author begin the text?The three parallel rhetorical questions, all beginning with “How often”, actually imply that failure in listening may lead to great harm.The author begins the text by putting forth the common

17、 phenomenon that people complain about others not listening to them.2. What purpose do the three parallel questions serve? For Part 1 Questions and AnswersPart Division of the TextFurther UnderstandingText Analysis1. Scan Paragraphs 24 and provide a summary for each paragraph.Paragraph 2: Difference

18、s in opinion or misunderstanding may account for human conflicts. Paragraph 3: Technology and opportunity may not necessarily facilitate human communication, and therefore they are not the key factors for good communication. Paragraph 4: Good listening may contribute greatly to successful communicat

19、ion.For Part 2 Skimming and ScanningPart Division of the TextFurther UnderstandingText Analysis 2. Explain the authors writing techniques in this part.To trace the key factor for good communication, the author excludes the other common factors the general public may think of. He traces the root reas

20、on step by step, from the obvious to the in-depth, from the general to the specific.F1. When it comes to listening, physical distractions tend to be more difficult to overcome than mental distractions. Mental distractions are much more difficult to overcome.( )T2. Lack of interest in the topic may l

21、ead the listener to skip unconsciously part of what the speaker is saying. ( )For Part 3 True or FalsePart Division of the TextFurther UnderstandingText Analysis 4. In communication, appearance and impression may affect listening. A listeners thinking is usually faster than a speakers; therefore, we

22、 should be patient and attentive when we listen to others talking.3. A speakers thinking is usually faster than a listeners; therefore, we should speak slowly and clearly when communicating with others. ( )( )FT The text ends with the sentence: “When we hear people complain that no one listens to th

23、em or no one understands them, we should be able to provide an acceptable explanation.” What is the significance of the sentence? The ending sentence implies that if you consider the authors explanation acceptable, you should pay more attention to listening when communicating with others. In that wa

24、y, there will be more mutual understanding and fewer complaints.For Part 4 Questions and AnswersPart Division of the TextFurther UnderstandingText Analysis1. What is the theme of the text?Flow chart:Listening plays an important role in improving human relationships.2. How does the author develop the

25、 theme? Part Division of the TextFurther UnderstandingText AnalysisThe rise of the issue (peoples complaints)Further reason: lack of good listeningBenefits of good listeningHow to be a good listenerConclusionThe reasons: differences in opinion; misunderstandingMost of us would agree that keeping goo

26、d relationships with other people, even with those closest to us, can be difficult and requires good communication between one another. Good communication naturally involves both speaking and listening. But while we commonly e m p h a si z e t h e r o l e o f s p e a k i n g i n communicating with o

27、thers, we tend to neglect that of listening. Read the following text and see what it says about the role of listening in improving human relationships.Detailed ReadingHow Well Can We Listen?Kathleen T. McWhorterDetailed ReadingIt is not uncommon to hear people complaining that no one listens to them

28、 and no one understands them. Such complaints come not only from kids but also from adults. How often is this a vital cause in the failure of personal relationships? How often does it contribute to broken homes? How often do we hear of a married couple who fail to have communication, or of children

29、who feel deserted? It seems something must have gone wrong. Experts tend to resort to the term “generation gap” to explain the conflicts between parents and children. Can this term be applied to the cases mentioned above? Detailed ReadingThough there might be room for hesitation in the adoption of i

30、t when “generation” is taken into account, it is far from wrong to borrow the rest in making an analysis. There are bound to be differences, or gaps, in the opinions of two people that give rise to conflicts, and ways toreduce them are by no means easy to be sought, but it is equally true to say tha

31、t there is bound to be a solution to every problem. Part of the solution to human conflicts is to avoid misunderstanding. Detailed ReadingMisunderstanding often arises from a lack of communication. Curiously enough, in a modern society where not a few advanced technological means of communication su

32、ch as the mobile phone and pager have been developed, people are still confronted with this problem. Investigations show that technological inventions do help facilitate humancommunication. They also show that while there are more opportunities for personal contact, especially through verbal communi

33、cation, many people still find their listeners do not listen to them. Clearly, something is wrong with their listening ability. Detailed Reading People may wonder why their listening ability is undesirable when their hearing ability is physically sound. This is a basic mistake we often make. Very of

34、ten hearing is confused with listening, as they are so closely related. Believing that hearing is a physiological function, which comes to us naturally, we take it for granted that listening does not require much effort. Experts in the field of communications are quick to attack this belief. In thei

35、r view, listening requires hard work and energy. When people are listening, they have quicker heartbeats and faster blood circulation. Good listening, they think, is not as simple as it might seem. Detailed ReadingTo become a good listener begins with concentration. That looks easy on the surface. I

36、n too many cases, we have to listen to other people with physical and mental distractions around us. The ring of the telephone, the slam of a door or other human voices are some of the common physical distractions. The mental distractions in ones own mind, on the other hand, are much more difficult

37、to overcome, for many reasons. A speaker may not be able to keep pace with the working of the listeners mind. The average persons rate of thinking is faster than the average rate of speech. With much free time left at their disposal, the listeners are likely to be carried away by their own thoughts

38、and they soon lose their way. That is where the problem lies: listening too quickly. Detailed ReadingSometimes, the listener tends to skip part of what is being said unconsciously. Since each person has his own range of interests, when the speaker talks about something that is of no personal interes

39、t or concern to him, he would “switch off the talking.” Though he might nod his head or respond with gestures, his mind is wandering. This automatic control exercises its influence especially when the topic is too boring. Other psychological factors also come into play. A persons feeling towards the

40、 speaker can affecthis listening ability. If he has a poor impression of the speaker, because of his appearance or whatever, it is quite natural that he would not tune in to the words of the speaker. Detailed ReadingVerbal communication is a good means for people to understand each other. What has t

41、o be borne in mind is that, to ensure that good communication takes place, talking and hearing are just not enough. When we hear people complain that no one listens to them or no one understands them, we should be able to provide an acceptable explanation. Though there might be room for hesitation i

42、n the adoption of it when “generation” is taken into account, it is far from wrong to borrow the rest in making an analysis.Detailed Reading1. The pronoun “it” appears twice in the sentence. Do they refer to the same thing?Uncertainty.2. What does “room for hesitation” mean? Not wrong at all. 3. Wha

43、t does “far from wrong” mean? No. The first “it” refers to the term “generation gap”, while the second “it” refers to “to borrow the rest in making an analysis”.Detailed Reading4. Paraphrase the sentence. 当然，如果细究当然，如果细究“代的本义，那么这算不上特别贴切，代的本义，那么这算不上特别贴切，但是大可借用该术语的其他涵义来分析问题。但是大可借用该术语的其他涵义来分析问题。5. Trans

44、late the sentence into Chinese.When we use the term “generation gap” to explain communication problems mentioned above, the word “generation” may not be readily applicable as there may not be a generation gap between the people involved. But we can still analyze such problems from this perspective.C

45、uriously enough, in a modern society where not a few advanced technological means of communication such as the mobile phone and pager have been developed, people are still confronted with this problem.Detailed Reading1. What does “this problem” refer to?2. What does this sentence imply?Lack of commu

46、nication.This sentence implies that advanced technological means of communication are not an adequate solution to the problem of lack of communication among people. It seems that the technologies invented to facilitate communication do not work and the problem is still there.People may wonder why th

47、eir listening ability is undesirable when their hearing ability is physically sound.1. What does this sentence imply? This sentence implies that listening ability is quite different from hearing ability. Therefore, the fact that there is no problem with ones ears does not mean one is good at listeni

48、ng.2. Translate the sentence into Chinese. 人们也许会问，为什么听觉没有问题而他们的聆听能力却人们也许会问，为什么听觉没有问题而他们的聆听能力却不如人意呢？不如人意呢？Detailed ReadingBelieving that hearing is a physiological function, which comes to us naturally, we take it for granted that listening does not require much effort.1. What does this sentence impl

49、y?Hearing is quite different from listening. Contrary to the common belief, listening does require some effort.2. Translate the sentence into Chinese.我们会认为听觉能力是一种生理功能，是与生俱来的，所我们会认为听觉能力是一种生理功能，是与生俱来的，所以我们想当然地以为聆听不需要付出特别的努力。以我们想当然地以为聆听不需要付出特别的努力。Detailed ReadingA speaker may not be able to keep pace w

50、ith the working of the listeners mind.Detailed Reading1. What does “the working of the listeners mind” mean?The listeners thinking.2. What does this sentence imply? This sentence implies that the listener may need to be more patient and attentive in order to accomplish successful communication, beca

51、use ones speed of thinking is faster than that of speaking.With much free time left at their disposal, the listeners are likely to be carried away by their own thoughts and they soon lose their way.Detailed Reading1. What does “be carried away” mean?Be so excited, interested, or absorbed that you ar

52、e no longer really in control of what you do, or you forget everything else.2. Translate the sentence into Chinese.当听话人有很多自由时间支配的时候，他们就当听话人有很多自由时间支配的时候，他们就可能会太专注于自己的思绪而很快就不知道说可能会太专注于自己的思绪而很快就不知道说话人说到什么地方了。话人说到什么地方了。Since each person has his own range of interests, when the speaker talks about someth

53、ing that is of no personal interest or concern to him, he would “switch off the talking.”What does “switch off the talking” mean? No longer listen to what is being said to him, as if he had turned it off.Detailed ReadingThis automatic control exercises its influence especially when the topic is too

54、boring.Detailed Reading1. What does “this automatic control” refer to? Switching off the talking.2. What does “exercise” mean in this sentence? Bring to bear; exert.3. Translate the sentence into Chinese. 这种自动控制系统的作用在谈话内容太枯燥的这种自动控制系统的作用在谈话内容太枯燥的时候尤其明显。时候尤其明显。Other psychological factors also come int

55、o play.What does “come into play” mean?Begin to operate or be active.Detailed Reading it is quite natural that he would not tune in to the words of the speaker.Detailed Reading1. What does “tune in to” mean?Listen carefully and be aware of. 2. Translate the sentence into Chinese.那他自然就不会去认真聆听说话人说的内容。

56、那他自然就不会去认真聆听说话人说的内容。What has to be borne in mind is that, to ensure that good communication takes place, talking and hearing are just not enough.Detailed Reading1. What does “be borne in mind” mean?Be kept in mind; be remembered.2. Paraphrase the sentence. We should remember clearly that to accompli

57、sh successful communication, just talking and hearing are inadequate; more is needed.Detailed Readingcomplain: v. NB: complain complaint n.Workers who had lost their jobs complained bitterly about the way they had been treated.Many patients complain of headaches and difficulty in sleeping when they

58、take this drug.1. vi. express feelings of pain, dissatisfaction, or resentment2. vt. express dissatisfaction or resentmentThey complained that the price of books had increased.员工们抱怨工资过低而且福利差。员工们抱怨工资过低而且福利差。The employees complained that the wages were too low and the benefits were inadequate.vital: a

59、dj. NB: vitality n. 生命力，活力extremely important and necessary for something to succeed or existRegular exercise is vital for your health.The samples could give scientists vital information about long-term changes in the earths atmosphere.Detailed Reading旅游业对于国民经济来说是至关重要的。旅游业对于国民经济来说是至关重要的。The tourist

60、industry is of vital importance to the national economy.Detailed ReadingIrrigation was vital to early civilization.Impartiality is essential to a judge.It is vital that leaking gas pipes are fixed immediately.It is essential to read any document carefully before you sign it.强调指维持生命、活力必不可少的，或生死攸关的。例强调指维持