内燃机专业英语

1、内燃机英语名词 - 活塞式内燃机英语名词、术语(一)（GB1883 ）序号 中文名词、术语 英文名词、术语1 往复活塞式内燃机 Reciprocating engine2 二冲程内燃机 Two-stroke engine3 四冲程内燃机 Four-strokeen gine4 汽油机 Gasolineengine5 顶置气门汽油机 Overhead-valve engine6 侧置气门汽油机 Side-valvengine7 汽油喷射式汽油机 Gasoline-injection engine8 顶置凸轮轴内燃机 Overhead camshaft engine9 柴油机 Dieselengi

2、ne10 煤气机 Gas engine11 柴油煤气机 Gas-Diesel engine12 多种燃料内燃机 Multi-fuel engine13 低转速柴油机 Low-speed Dieselengine14 中转速柴油机 Medium-speed Diesel engine15 高转速柴油机 High-speedDieselengine16 增压柴油机 Supercharged Diesel engine17 低增压柴油机 Low-supercharged Diesel engine18 中增压柴油机 Medium-supercharged Dieselengine19 高增压柴油机

3、High-supercharged Dieselengine20 超高增压柴油机 Superhigh supercharged Dieselengine21 废气涡轮增压柴油机 Turbocharged Diesel engine22 机械增压柴油机 Mechanical pressure-charged engine23 两级增压柴油机 Two stage super-charged engine24 复合式柴油机 Compound Dieselengine25 十字头式柴油机 Crosshead Diesel engine26 船用挂机 Outboardengine27 水冷内燃机 Wat

4、er-coolede ngine28 风冷内燃机 Air-cooled engine29 单缸内燃机 Single-cylindeenrg ine30 多缸内燃机 Multi cylinder engine31 卧式内燃机 Horizontalengine32 立式内燃机 Vertical engine33 斜置式内燃机34 直列式内燃机 In-line engine35 对置气缸内燃机 Opposed-cylinder-type engine36 对动活塞内燃机 Opposed-pistonengine37U 形内燃机 U-pistonengine38V 形内燃机 V-engine39W 形

5、内燃机 W-engine40X 形内燃机 X-engine41 星形内燃机 Radialengine42 形内燃机 -Type engine43 工字形内燃机 工-type engine44 王字形内燃机 王-type engine往复活塞式内燃机英语名词、术语(二)（GB1883 ）序号 中文名词、术语 英文名词、术语45 气缸直径 Cylinderbore46 活塞行程 Stroke 47 上止点 Top dead centre48 下止点 Bottom dead centre49 行程缸径比 Stroke-borrea tio50 连杆比Ratio between crank radiu

6、s andconnecting rod length 51 充量 Charge52 工质 Working medium53 进气行程 Suctionstroke54 压缩行程 Compression stroke55 膨胀行程 Expansionstroke56 排气行程 Exhauststroke57 换气-压缩行程（二冲程） Scavenging-compression stroke 58 膨胀-换气行程（二冲程） Expansion-scavenging stroke59 工作循环 Working cycle60 扫气过程 Scavenging61 直流扫气 Uniflowscaveng

7、ing62 回流扫气 Loopscavenging63 横流扫气 Crossscavenging64 扫气泵扫气 Scavenging by blower65 曲轴箱扫气 Crankcase scavenging66 活塞底泵扫气 Under-piston pump scavenging67 进气温度 Intaketemperature68 进气压力 Intakepressure69 进气涡流 Intakeswirl70 排气温度 Exhaust-gastemperature71 排气背压 Back pressure72 排气烟度 Exhaust gas opacity73 充量系数 Char

8、ging efficiency7474 残余废气系数 Residual gas ratio75 扫气利用系数 Coefficient of scavenging76 扫气漏失系数77 扫气系数 Scavengingfactor78 压缩始点压力 Compression beginning pressure79 压缩终点压力 Compression end pressure80 压缩始点温度 Compression beginning temperature81 压缩终点温度 Compression end temperature82 最高燃烧温度 Maximum combustion temp

9、erature83 膨胀终点温度 Expansion end temperature84 膨胀终点压力 Expansion end pressure85 平均压力增长率 Mean rate of pressure increase86 放热速率 Rate of heat release87 燃烧速率 Burningvelocity88 火焰传播速度 Rate of flame propagation89 表面点火 Surfaceignition90 放热规律 Regularity of heat release91 过量空气系数 Excess air factor92 总过量空气系数 Tota

10、l excess air factor 93 气缸工作容积 Piston swept volume 94 总排量 Engine swept volume95 压缩多变指数 Polytropic exponent of compression96 膨胀多变指数 Polytropic exponent of expansion97 最高爆发压力 Maximum cylinder pressure98 压力升高比 Rate of explosion99 初期膨胀比 Cut-offr ate100 后期膨胀比 Expansionrate101 放热系数 Coefficient of heat rele

11、ase102 热平衡 Heat balance103 有效功的热当量 Mechanical equivalent of heat104 排气热损失 Exhaustloss105 冷却热损失 Coolingloss106 热平衡余项损失Heat loss as residual term of the heatbalance107 示功图 Indicator diagram 108 示功图丰满系数 Diagram factor109 扫气过量空气系数 Delivery ratio110 空燃比 Air-fuerla tio111 扫气效率 Scavengingefficiency112 低热值

12、Lower calorificvalue113 空气利用率 Rate of air utilization114 热量利用系数 Coefficient of heat utilization115 压缩比 Compression ratio116 有效压缩比 Effective compression ratio117 分子变更系数118 指示功 Indicatedwork119 平均指示压力 Mean indicated pressure120 指示热效率 Indicatedthermalefficiency121 指示热消耗率 Indicated specific heat consump

13、tion122 工作过程 Working process123 压缩空气瓶容量124 指示燃油消耗率 Indicated specific fuel consumption125 燃油消耗率 Specific fuel consumption126 燃油消耗量 Fuelconsumption127 热消耗量 Heat consumption128 机油消耗率 Specific oil consumption129 机油消耗量 Oilconsumption130 空气消耗量 Airconsumption131 最低燃油消耗率 Minimum specific fuel consumption13

14、2 进排气重叠角 Valve overlap133 进气持续角 Intake valve-opening time134 排气持续角 Exhaust valve-opening time135 点火提前角 Advance angle of ignition136 进气提前角 Intake advance angle137 进气滞后角 Intake retard angle138 排气提前角 Exhaustadvanceangle139 排气滞后角 Exhaust retard angle140 扫气持续角 Scavenging port-opening time 141 燃烧持续期 Combu

15、stion duration142 滞燃期 Ignitiolna g143 显然期 Apparent combustion period144 后燃期 Afterburning145 早燃 Preignition146 回火 Back fire147 爆燃 Detonation148 工作粗暴 Engineroughness149 发火顺序 Firingorder150 正时 Valve timing往复活塞式内燃机英语名词、术语(三)（GB1883 ）序号 中文名词、术语 英文名词、术语151 燃烧过程 Combustion process152 油膜燃烧 Film combustion15

16、3 空间燃烧 Space combustion154 复合燃烧 Compound combustion155 混合气形成 Mixing156 废气净化 Exhaust emission control157 雾化 Atomization158 喷油速率 Injection rate159 喷油规律 Characteristic of fuel delivery160 喷油持续角 Fuel injection period161 喷油延迟角 Fuel injection lag162 供油提前角 Deliverybeginning163 喷油提前角 Fuel injection beginnin

17、g164 换气过程 Gas exchangeprocess165 配气相位 Valve timing166 残余废气 Residualgas167 增压 Supercharging168 增压比 Pressureratio169 气波增压 Comprex supercharging170 增压压力 Boostpressure171 废气涡轮增压 Turbocharging172 机械增压 Mechanicalsupercharging173 复合增压 Two stagesupercharging174 定压增压 Constantpressure175 脉冲增压 Pulseturbochargi

18、nsgy stem 176 增压中冷 Intercooling177 增压度 Degree ofcharging178 增压器出口温度 Supercharger outlet temperature179 脉冲进气 Impulse suction往复活塞式内燃机英语名词、术语(四)（GB1883 ）序号 中文名词、术语 英文名词、术语180 时间-面积值/角度-面积值 Time area181 积炭 Carbon deposit182 结胶 Sticking183 敲缸 Knock184 气阻 Vapour lock185 燃烧室面容比 Surface volume ratio186 燃烧室的

19、挤流面积 Squish area187 激冷效应 Quenching188 燃料当量比 Equivalenceratio189 L型燃烧室* Side valve combustion chamber190 楔形燃烧室* Wedge combustion chamber191 盆型燃烧室* Basin type chamber192 F型燃烧室* F-head type combustion chamber193 半球形燃烧室* Semispherical combustion chamber194 开式燃烧室* Open combustion chamber195 分开式燃烧室* Divid

20、ed combustion chamber196 半开式燃烧室* Semi-divided combustion chamber197 涡流室燃烧室* Swirl chamber type198 预燃室燃烧室* Precombustion chamber type199 直接喷射燃烧室* Direct injection type chamber200* 主燃烧室 Main combustion type chamber201* 球型燃烧室 Spherical combustion chamber202* 型燃烧室 type chamber203* 盆型燃烧室 Dish type chambe

21、r204 层状充气 Stratificehda rging205 挤压涡流 Squishswirl206 螺旋进气道 Spiralport207 切向气道 Tangentialp ort注释：*指柴油机燃烧室，*指汽油机燃烧室。往复活塞式内燃机英语名词、术语(五)（GB1883 ）序号 中文名词、术语 英文名词、术语208 功率 Power209 标定功率 Rated horsepower210 有效功率 Brake horsepower211 指示功率 Indicatedhorsepower212 机械损失功率 Mechanicalloss213 经济功率 Economic horsepow

22、er214 极限功率 Peak horsepower215 最大功率 Maximum horsepower216 单缸功率 Horsepower per cylinder217 升功率 Specifichorsepower218 活塞面积 Pistonarea219 单位活塞面积功率220 储备功率 Reserve power221 功率储备系数 Coefficient of reserve power222 平均机械损失压力223 平均有效压力 Brake mean effective pressure224 机械效率 Mechanicalefficiency225 有效热效率 Brake

23、thermal efficiency226 扭矩 Torque227 最大扭矩 Maximum torque228 扭矩储备系数229 适应性系数230 转速 Enginespeed231 标定转速 Rated speed232 转速储备系数233 最低空载转速 Low idling speed234 最低工作稳定转速235 最高空载转速 High idling speed236 最大扭矩转速 Maximum torque speed237 转速波动率 Speed irregularity238 瞬时调速率 Instantaneous speed change239 稳定调速率 Permane

24、nt speed change240 活塞平均速度 Mean piston speed241 热负荷 Thermal load242 机械负荷 Mechanicalload243 强化系数244 机油容量 Lubricating oil volume245 冷却水容量 Coolantvolume246 冷却水泵流量 Coolantdischarge247 机油泵流量 Lubricating oil discharge248 风扇流量 Cooling air discharge249 穴蚀 Cavitation250 窜机油251 窜气252 抢气253 呛油254 拉缸 Scratch255

25、游车256 飞车 Running away257 单位体积功率258 比重量 Weight per horsepower 259 内燃机净重 Net weight260 内燃机总重 Grossweight往复活塞式内燃机英语名词、术语(六)（GB1883 ）序号 中文名词、术语 英文名词、术语261 标准大气状况 Standard atmospheric condition262 环境温度 Environmentalt emperature263 大气压力 Atmospheric pressure264 相对湿度 Relativehumidity265 台架试验 Bed test266 磨合

26、Running in267 性能试验 Performance test268 鉴定试验 Type test269 出厂试验 Examination270 耐久性、可靠性试验 Reliability test271 验收试验 Acceptancetest272 起动试验 Starting test273 各缸均匀性试验 Uniformity test274 内燃机特性 Enginecharacteristic275 负荷特性 Load characteristic276 速度特性 Speed characteristic277 万有特性 Universalcharacteristic278 调速

27、特性 Governingcharacteristic279 调解特性 Reglercharakteristik280 突变负荷试验 Load sudden removal test281 转速波动率试验 Speed irregularity test282 最低工作稳定转速试验283 空载特性试验 Idling characteristic test284 最低空载转速 Lowest idling speed test285 热平衡试验 Heat balance test286 推进特性 Propulsioncharacteristic287 换向试验 Reversingtest288 停缸试

28、验289 停增压器试验290 背压试验 Back pressure291 超负荷试验 Overloadtest292 增压器配机试验 Supercharge-engine matching test293 道路试验 Road test 294 牵引试验 Tractiont est295 配套使用试验 Engine-driven machinery matching test 气缸体总成 Cylinder block assembly 齿轮室部件 Timing gear chamber subassembly 气缸盖及气缸盖罩 Cylinder head & its cowl hood

29、活塞及连杆 Piston & connecting rod 曲轴减振器总成 Crankshaft damper assembly 凸轮轴总成 Camshaft assembly 配气机构 Valve train 进气管部件 Air intake manifold subassembly 排气管组件 Exhaust manifold subassembly 油底壳总成 Oil sump assembly 机油集滤器 Oil strainer 机油泵 Oil pump 机油滤清器 Oil filter 机油冷却器总成 Oil cooler assembly 曲轴箱通风装置 Crankcas

30、e ventilator 供油系管路总成 Fuel supply system pipeline assembly 燃油滤清器总成 Fuel filter assembly 喷油泵总成 Fuel injection pump assembly 喷油器部件 Fuel injector assembly 燃油喷射泵附件总成 Fuel injection pump fittings assembly 断油机构总成 Fuel cut-off mechanism 增压器总成 Turbocharger assembly 放水开关 Water drain cock 节温器总成 Thermostat asse

31、mbly 水泵总成 Water pump assembly 动力输出总成 Power take-off mechanism assembly 转向泵总成 Steering pump assembly 气制动空气压缩机 Air compressor for pneumatic braking 发电机总成 Alternator assembly 起动机 Starter 仪表 、感应器总成 Meters & sensors assembly 定位套 Locating collar 气缸体 Cylinder block 气缸套 Cylinder liner 螺塞 Plug screw 碗形塞片

32、 Bowl-shaped tabular plug 主油道螺塞 Plug screw for main oil gallery 凸轮轴衬套 Camshaft bushing I 凸轮轴端盖 Camshaft end cover 曲轴后油封 Crankshaft rear oil seal 定位销 Locating pin 垫圈 Washer 垫圈 Washer 螺栓 Bolt 曲轴后油封座 Crankshaft rear oil seal seat 后油封座垫片 Rear oil seal seat gasket 主轴承盖(后) Main bearing cap (rear) 主轴承盖螺栓 M

33、ain bearing cap bolt 螺塞 Plug screw 止推主轴承盖 Thrust main bearing cap 油标尺座孔堵塞 Dipstick seat hole stop 碗形塞片 Bowl-shaped tabular plug 喷嘴组件 Injector component 主轴承盖 Main bearing cap 定位销 Locating pin 惰齿轮衬套 Idler gear bush 惰轮轴螺栓 Idler gear bolt 惰齿轮轴 Idler gear shaft 惰齿轮 Idler gear 惰齿轮防磨板 Idler gear wear plate

34、 碗形塞片 Bowl-shaped tabular plug 凸轮轴衬套 Camshaft bushing 齿轮室盖板垫片 Gear chamber cover plate gasket 齿轮室盖板 Gear chamber cover plate 齿轮室垫片 Gear chamber gasket 螺栓 Bolt 齿轮室 Gear chamber 张紧轮垫块 Tensioner pad 喷油泵齿轮盖垫片 Fuel injection pump gear cover washer 固定芯轴 Fixed pivot 支架焊接件 Welded bracket 调节螺栓 Adjusting bolt

35、 垫圈 Washer 张紧皮带轮组件 Idler assembly 垫圈 Washer 螺栓 Bolt 喷油泵齿轮盖 Fuel injection pump gear cover 螺栓 Bolt 垫圈 Washer 垫圈 Washer 螺栓 Bolt 上止点指针 TDC pointer 螺栓 Bolt 曲轴前油封 Crankshaft front oil seal 加机油口 Oil filler 螺栓 Bolt 空压泵惰齿轮座 Idler gear seat 惰齿轮衬套 Idler gear bush 空压泵惰齿轮 Idler gear 惰齿轮减磨板 Idler gear wear plate

36、 螺母 Nut 螺钉 Screw 复合式密封垫圈 Composite seal washer 惰齿轮座螺栓 Idler gear seat bolt 气缸盖及气缸盖罩总成Cylinder head and cylinder head cowl hood assembly前起吊环 焊接件Welded front hoisting eye螺栓 Bolt 螺栓 Bolt 气缸盖罩焊接件 Welded cylinder head cowl hood 密封圈 Seal ring 气缸盖罩垫片 Cylinder head cowl hood gasket 气门导管 Valve guide 后起吊环 Rea

37、r hoisting eye 碗形塞片 Bowl-shaped tabular plug 排气门座圈 Exhaust valve seat 进气门座圈 Intake valve seat 气缸盖垫片 Cylinder head gasket 气缸盖 Cylinder head 碗形塞片 Bowl-shaped tabular plug 气缸盖螺栓(长) Cylinder head bolt (long) 气缸盖螺栓(短) Cylinder head bolt (short) 垫板 Stay plate 活塞及连杆 Piston and connecting rod气环 Compression

38、ring 刮油环 Oil ring 油环部件 Oil ring component 活塞 Piston 活塞销 Piston pin 挡圈45 Retaining ring 45 连杆衬套 Connecting rod bushing 连杆体 Connecting rod shank 连杆轴瓦 Connecting rod bearing shell 连杆盖 Connecting rod cap 定位套 Locating sleeve 连杆螺栓 Cnnecting bolt 发动机engine内燃机intenal combusiton engine动力机装置power unit汽油机gasol

39、ine engine 汽油喷射式汽油机gasoline-injection engine火花点火式发动机spark ignition engine压燃式发动机compression ignition engine往复式内燃机reciprocating internal combustion engine化油器式发动机wcarburetor engine柴油机diesel engine转子发动机drotary engine旋轮线转子发动机hrotary trochoidal engine二冲程发动机two-stroke engine四冲程发动机four-stroke engine直接喷射式柴油机

40、direct injection engine间接喷射式柴油机indirect injection engine增压式发动机wsupercharged engine风冷式发动机air-cooled engine油冷式发动机oil-cooled engine水冷式发动机water-cooled engine自然进气式发动机Wnaturally aspirated engine煤气机Cgas engine液化石油气发动机liquified petroleum gas engine柴油煤气机Odiesel gas engine多种燃料发动机gmultifuel engine石油发动机Fhydroca

41、rbon engine双燃料发动机Sduel fuel engine热球式发动机vhot bulb engine多气缸发动机smultiple cylinder engine对置活塞发动机opposed piston engine对置气缸式发动机opposed-cylinder engine十字头型发动机cross head engine直列式发动机in-line engine星型发动机radial engine筒状活塞发动机trunk-piston engine斯特林发动机stirling engine套阀式发动机knight engine气孔扫气式发动机port-scavenged eng

42、ine倾斜式发动机Sslant engine前置式发动机Rfront-engine后置式发动机rear-engine 中置式发动机central engine左侧发动机left-hand engine右侧发动机right-hand engine短冲程发动机oversquare engine长冲程发动机undersquare engine等径程发动机square engine顶置凸轮轴发动机overhead camshaft engine双顶置凸轮轴发动机vdual overhead camshaft engine形发动机V-engine顶置气门发动机zvalve in-head engine侧

43、置气门发动机side valve engine无气门发动机Pvalveless engine多气门发动机multi-valve engine卧式发动机qhorizontal engine斜置式发动机oinclined engine立式发动机Mvertical engineW形发动机w-engineI形发动机I-engineL形发动机L-engineF形发动机F-engine性能performance二冲程循环two-stroke cycle四冲程循环four-stroke cycle狄塞尔循环diesel cycle奥托循环otto cycle混合循环mixed cycle定容循环consta

44、nt volume cycle工作循环working cycle等压循环constant pressure cycle理想循环ideal cycle热力循环thermodynamic cycle冲程stroke活塞行程piston stroke长行程long stroke上行程up stroke下行程down stroke进气行程intake stroke充气行程charging stroke压缩行程compression stroke爆炸行程explosion stroke膨胀行程expansion stroke动力行程power stroke排气行程exhaust stroke膨胀换气行程

45、expansion-exchange stroke换气压缩行程exchange-compression stroke止点dead center上止点top dead center(upper dead center) 下止点lower dead center(bottom dead center)上止点前budc(before upper dead center)上止点后atdc(after top dead cetner)下止点前bbdc(before bottom dead center)下止点后abdc(after bottom dead center)缸径cylinder bore缸径

46、与行程bore and stroke空气室energy chamber气缸余隙容积cylinder clearance volume燃烧室容积combustion chamber volume气缸最大容积maximum cylinder volume压缩室compression chamber排气量displacement发动机排量engine displacement活塞排量piston swept volume气缸容量cylinder capacity单室容量single-chamber capacity容积法volumetry压缩比compression ratio临界压缩比critic

47、al compression ratio膨胀比expansion ratio面容比surface to volume ratio行程缸径比stroke-bore ratio混合比mixture ratio压缩压力compression pressure制动平均有效压力brake mean effective pressure(bmep)空燃比air fuel ratio燃空比fuel air ratio燃料当量比fuel equivalence ratio扭矩torque单缸功率power per cylinder升功率power per liter升扭矩torque per liter升质量

48、mass per liter 减额功率derating power输出马力shaft horsepower马力小时，马力时horsepower-hour总马力gross horse power总功率gross power 净功率net power 燃油消耗量fuel consumption 比燃料消耗率specific fuel consumption空气消耗率air consumption机油消耗量oil consumption有效马力net horse power额定马力rated horse power马力重量系数horsepower-weight factor制动功率brake hor

49、se power制动热效率brake thermal efficiency 总效率overall efficiency排烟极限功率smoke limiting horsepower功率曲线power curve机械损失mechanical loss机械效率mechanical efficiency有效热效率effective thermal efficiency充气系数volumetric efficiency过量空气系数coefficient of excess air适应性系数adaptive coefficient扭矩适应性系数coefficient of torque adaptibi

50、lity转速适应性系数speed adaptive coefficient强化系数coefficient of intensification校正系数correction factor换算系数conversion factor活塞平均速度mean piston speed发动机转速engine speed (rotational frequency)怠速转速 idling speed经济转速economic speed起动转速starting speed最低稳定工作转速lowest continuous speed with load最大扭矩转速speed at maximum torque最

51、高空转转速maximum no load governed speed调速speed governing 超速overspeed怠速tidling转速波动率speed fluctuation rate工况working condition(operating mode)额定工况declared working condition变工况variable working condition稳定工况steady working condition. 空载no-load全负荷full load超负荷overload部分负荷part load充量（进气）charge旋转方向direction of ro

52、tation顺时针clockwise逆时针counter-clockwise 左转left-hand rotation右转right-hand rotation外径major diameter中径pitch diameter内径minor diameter径向间隙radial clearance发动机性能engine performance加载性能loading performance起动性能starting performance加速性能acceleration performance动力性能power performance排放性能pemission performance空转特性no l

53、oad characteristics负荷特性part throttle characteristics调速特性governor control characteristics万有特性mapping characteristics稳定调速率 steady state speed governing rate气缸体和气缸盖cylinder block and head气缸体cylinder block整体铸造cast inblock (cast enblock)发动机罩engine bonnet气缸体加强筋engine block stiffening rib气缸cylinder（转子机）缸体s

54、tator缸径cylinder bore气缸体机架cylinder block frame气缸盖cylinder head配气机构箱valve mechanism casing气缸体隔片cylinder spacer气缸盖密封环cylinder head ring gasket气缸盖垫片cylinder head gasket气缸套cylinder liner(cylinder sleeve)干式缸套dry cylinder liner湿式缸套wet cylinder liner气缸水套water jacket膨胀塞expansion plug防冻塞Pfreeze plug气缸壁cylinder wall环脊ring ridge排气口exhaust port中间隔板intermediate bottum导板guideway创成半径（转子机）generating radius缸体宽度（转子机）operating width机柱column燃烧室combustion chamber主燃烧室main combustion chamber副燃烧室subsidiary combustion chamber预燃室prechamber涡流燃烧室swirl combustion chamber分开式燃烧室divided combu