自考复习英语(二)教案

1、大学英语自学教程上下册语音教程配套教案本课程的名称为“大学英语自学教程（上册）”，它是高等教育自学考试各专业（英 语专业除外）专科阶段的公共实践课，检测好坏的标准是会不会灵活运用这门语言。考试大 纲规定，大学英语的教学目标是“使学习者能比较熟练地掌握英语基础知识和语言技能，做 到具有较好的阅读能力、一定的英译汉能力和初步的听、说、读、写及汉译英能力，为获得 专业所需要的信息及进一步提高英语水平打下较扎实的基础”。本课程包括较系统的英语语法知识、英语单词约3000个和词组约500个，阅读量为30000 余词。本课程的重点是英语的基本词汇和语法，课程的主要目的是培养阅读能力。本课程的主要考试内容是

2、从词汇、语法、阅读和翻译着手的。从2000年开始考试题型已 改为如下七种：k客观题部分：1.单项选择10%； 2.完型填空10%； 3.阅读理解30%； B.主 观题部分：4.单词拼写10%； 5.词形转换10%； 6.汉译英15%； 7.英译汉15%为了帮助大家在英语学习、考试方面能达到事半功倍的效果，以及从我这几年教受英语 课程的经验来看，想给大家提几点建议，：第一，要勤读、多读。我们这里所说的“读”包括朗读和阅读，正确的发音，流利的朗读, 对于熟练掌握单词、句子和课文，提高阅读速度都有根本意义：第二，记牢单词。我知道这历来是考生们最头疼的事情，但是我认为只要大家有好的适合自 己的方法，那

3、么对于大纲要求的这3000词汇来说应该只是a piece of cake（小事一庄）。 发音要正确，背单词要有计划，读写结合，注意常用词的词类和变化规则，记单词要和学习 课文结合起来，不能死记硬背，最后一环是和遗忘作斗争的最有效手段-一复习。英语中有 一句谚语：Rome wasn' t built in one day!译成中文是：冰冻三尺非一日之寒。记忆单词 尤应记住它：第三点，学好语法。学语法的主要目的是为了用。对于英语教学我最擅长的就是讲解语法, 一般我会将语法现象融入所学课文中，让大家感觉不是那么晦涩难懂。只有在错综复杂的语 言现象中学和用，才能真正掌握语法。英语学习不是一句两

4、句就说的完的，今后我会在教学中逐步让大家感受到学英语的乐趣, 它不仅仅是我们通向事业成功的一座桥梁，也将丰富大家的日常生活。但学习毕竟是件苦事, 需要毅力，最后我将四个英文字母以及一句谚语送给我们每一位自学者：IIpp一Interest, Intention, patience and persistence. Where there is a will, there is a way!（有志 者事竟成！ ） Good luck!下面我们开始上课。我想在第一课开始之前对大家提几点要求：L每人都必须有课本，即高 远主编的大学英语自学教程（上）：2.每讲后必须要复习、做作业：3.最好能提前看看 下

5、讲的课文：4 .每5个单元有测验，请大家务必认真完成；5有问题随时问，学习上不要 害羞。本教程共计25个单元。每单元分A, B两篇文章，一般A位重点文章，精讲；B为培养阅读 能力的文章，略讲。Unit one：Text A： How to Be a Successful Language Learner?I . New Words：1. successful： a 成功的；succeed v ： succeed in doing something 做某事成功； success n; successfully ad (*)a. She wished him success_ in his ne

6、w job.b. Were you successful in finding a new house?c. I finished my training successfully.d. He succeeds in finding a good job.2. disagree： v disagree with somebody(与某人有分歧，意见不一致)，n disagreement, a disagreeable;反义词：agree, agreement, agreeablee. g. I always disagree with him.3.guarantee：。/ v保证、担保、保修e

7、. g. 1>. The watch has a two-year guarantee, (n 保修)2>. The TV set is guaranteed for one year, (v 保修)4. intelligent:a 聪明的、明智的，n intelligence 聪明、智慧5. conversely: ad 相反地,converse a 相反的6. similar:a 相似的、类似的,短语 be similar to sth / sb in sth(*)e. g. She is similar in temper (性情、脾气)to her mother.7. in

8、dependent：a独立的、自主的，independence n独立、自主、自立,(*)字根：depend (v):依靠、依赖，depend on / upondependence： n信赖、信任、依靠；dependent： a依靠的、需要支持的aWhen you begin to make money you can live a life of independence.b. Children depend on their parents for food.c. I don' t want to be dependent on my parents, because I am

9、an adult.8. clue：n 线索、提示，常用短语:clue to something9. adult： n成年人；a成年的、成熟的a. She can do it herself, for she is an adult now.b. His behavior isn' t adult.10. conclusion： n 结论、 推论；v conclude, decide v 决定，decision n 决定、 决心11. communicate： v交流、通讯、传播，习语：communicate sth to sb：传播某事给某人；communicate with sb：同

10、某人交流名词：communication： a communication satellite 通讯卫星；a communication network 通讯网，telecommunication： HliRx E巨信，China telecommunication 中国电信12. inexact ： a不正确的，反义词：exact incomplete： a 不完整的，反义词：complete13. purpose： n目的、意图，purposeful： a有目的的，蓄意的， purposefully： ad有目的地、蓄意地(*)a. He was a clever man whose ev

11、ery word was purposeful.b. We should use the language purposefully.c. She did it on purpose.14. regularly: ad经常地、定期地，regular： a定期的15. technique： n 技术、技巧，16. outline： v概括；n轮廓、大纲a. You should outline the story before you write it.b. You can see the outline of her face in the light of the candle.II. In

12、tensive reading：1. Most adults who are learning a second language would disagree with this statement.大多数学习第二语言的成年人会不同意这种说法的。本句主语为：Most adults who are learning a second language; in inwould disagree with：宾语为：this statement主语中包含有一个语法点，定语从句。这是英语中一个非常重要的语法点.顾名思义，定 语从句应该在整个句中做定语,请对比如下两句:He bought an inte

13、resting book.（定语） / He bought a book which is interesting.（定语从句）° 具体介绍该语法点：修饰名词或代词的从句称为定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。定语从句 必须放在先行词后面，它需由关系代词或关系副词引导。通常引导定语从句的关系代词有：who, whom,（一般指人），which（一般指物），whose, that（人、物均可）.关系副词有：when（时间），where（地点），why（原因）。不管是关系代词 还是副词引导定语从句时，要在定语从句中充当句子成分。上句中的who are learning a s

14、econd language修饰先行词most adults, who是关系代词，在从句中作主语。下而我们 一起来看另几个例句：仔细听我的分析！a. The man who/that will give us a talk has come.b. I know a lady whose husband is a Nobel prize winner.c. She* s the girl who/whom/that I met at the party.d I live in the room whose window faces south.e. Did you find the bike t

15、hat/which you lost?would此时为助动词，表示“可能，将会”。需掌握的短语：disagree with sb about / on sthe. g. He disagrees with his wife about the education of their son.2. They need hundreds of hours of study and practicehundreds of ：几百，当hundred, thousand, million用作不确定数目时，需用复数形式， 并加介词。f;当它们用作确定的数目时，不用复数形式。e. g. five hundre

16、d people; hundreds of people3. Language learning is different from other kinds of learning.译：语言学习不同于其他种类的学习。短语:be different from：与不同4. Some people who are very intelligent and successful in their fields find it difficult to succeed in language learning. （）译：有些人很聪明，在他们自己的专业领域很有成就，但发现很难成功地学习语言。本句主语 So

17、me people who are very intelligent and successful in their fields, 谓语 find,宾语 difficult to succeed in language learning, it 语法上称作形式宾语： 当宾语较长时，常将它移后在空出的位置上用it代替。包含定语从句 who are very intelligent and successful in their fields,修饰先行 词some people, who在定语从句中作主语°需掌握的习语：be intelligent and successful in

18、one* s field;succeed in sth / doing sth5. Conversely, some people who are very successful language learners find it difficult to succeed in other fields.(相反地)这句话意思和结构与上句相似，口头分析。6. Language learning research shows that successful language learners are similar in many ways. (*)译：语言学习研究显示成功的语言学习者在许多方面都

19、是相似的。本句主语Language learning research：谓语：shows：宾语：that引导一个宾语从句。 在宾语从句中 successful language learners 是主语；are 是系动词；similar in many ways 是表语重要短语be similar (to sb/sth) in sth在方面与某人/某事相似7. Instead of waiting for the teachers to explain, they try to find the patterns and the rules for themselves. ()译：不是等这老师

20、解释，而是自己努力去发现各种句型和规则。Instead of waiting for the teachers to explain,介词短语作状语,主语：they：谓 语：try to find；宾语：the patterns and the rules for themselves介词of后的动词要用动名词waiting短语：instead of sth; wait for sb to do sth; try to do sth;8. They find people who speak the language and they ask these people to correct t

21、hem when they make a mistake. ()译：他们寻找说这种语言的人，当他们说错时就请这些人帮助指正。这是一个由and连接的并列句，其中有一个定语从句who speak the language,修饰先 行词people；有一个时间状语从句when they make a mistakecorrect： v指正、纠正，短语：make a mistake犯错误9. They are not afraid to repeat what they hear or to say strange things.译：他们不害怕重复他们听到的或说一些奇怪的东西。what they he

22、ar是repeat的宾语从句afraid 的用法：be afraid of sth; be afraid to do sth; be afraid that 从句 a.She is afraid to go out alone at night.b. I am afraid of snake.c. Het s afraid that he' 11 be late for class.10. When communication is difficult, they can accept information that is inexact or incomplete.译：当交流困难时

23、，他们会接受不准确或不完整的信息。本句中包含一个时间状语从句When communication is difficult> 一个定语从句that is inexact or incomplete 修饰先行词 information,在从句中 that 作主语©IL It' s more important for them to learn to think in the language than to know the meaning of every word. (*)译：对他们来说，学会用所学的语言来思考比学会每个单词的意思更重要。it作形式主语，真正主语是动

24、词不定式to learn to think in the language.原句语序 应是：For them to learn to think in the language is more important than to know the meaning of every word.用形式主语的目的是因为不定式作主语太长，为避免句子头重脚轻，用it代替真正的主语。e. g. For many people to learn English well is very difficult.二It' s very difficult for many people to learn

25、English well短i吊 learn to do sth学会做；more important than更重要12. It' s necessary for them to learn the language in order to communicate with these people and to learn from them.=For them to learn the language in order to communicate with these people and to learn from them are necessary译：对他们来说，学会这种语

26、言以便同这些人交流并向他们学习是非常必要的这句话较复杂，it作形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语，in order to communicate with these people and to learn from them 我们称作目的状语短语：in order to do sth; communicate with sb; learn from sb响，学习13. They find it easy to practice using the language regularly because they want to learn with it.译：因为他们想学会这种语言，所以他们发现

27、不断地练习实际应用这种语言是容易的。it作形式宾语，真正的宾语to practice using the language regularly,原因状语从 句 because they want to learn with it.practice是动词，英式英语拼写形式是practise,美式英语动词和名词拼写都是practice. 作动词时，后面只能用动名词,如：practice speaking the language every day.（4段2 行）14. If you are a successful language learner, you have probably been

28、 learning independently, actively, and purposefully. （*）译：如果你是一名成功的语言学习者，你大概一直在独立地、主动地、目的明确地学习。if引导条件状语从句，主句中的have been learning是动词的现在完成进行时，表示动 作从以前开始一直不间断地进行到现在。三个副词：independently, actively, and purposefully 要会拼写。15. on the other hand, if your language learning has been less than successful, you mi

29、ght do well to try some of the techniques outlined above.译：另一方面来说，如果你的语言学习一直不太成功，你不妨试试上面提到的一些学习技巧。If your language learning has been less than successful 是条件状语从句。短i吊 on the other hand:另一方面来说；less than successful：不太成功；might do well to do sth:表示一种委婉语气，不妨，最好.e. g. You might do well to take the doctor&#

30、39; s advice.That* s all for this lecture, and let * s continue to learn this unit next time. Don* t forget to review what we have learnt, ok, see you then!The second lecture of College EnglishHi, everyone! Are you satisfied with the first lecture? Today we' 11 continue to learn unit one.I . Rev

31、iew something in lecture one：A. Useful phrases：1. disagree with （2 段 1 行）;2. hundreds of （2 段 3 行）；3. be different from（3段 1 行）；4. succeed in sth（3 段 3 行）；5. as much as you can（4 段 2 行）；6.practice doing sth（4 段 2 行）；7. try to do（4 段 4 行）；8. similar insth（5 段 2 行）；9. first of all （6 段 1 行）；10. depend

32、 on （6 段 2 行）；11. instead of sth/doing sth（6 段 3 行）；12. wait sb to do（6 段 3 行）；13. learn fromsth/sb（6 段 7 行）；14. make a mistake （7 段 4 行）；15. be afraid to do（7段 5 行）;16. be willing to do（7 段 6 行）;17. be interested in sth（8段 2 行）；18. in order to （8 段 4 行）；19.communicate with sb （8 段 4 行）；20. on the o

33、ther hand （9 段 3行）；21. might do well to do sth（9 段 4 行）B. Some important words：1. successful;2. disagree; 3.statement; 4. guarantee; 5. intelligent; 6.conversely; 7. similar;8. independent; 9.conclusion; 10. communicate; communication; 11. purpose, purposefully;12. regularly; 13. technique; 14.outli

34、ne.C. Key to part exercises： （from page 8 to 12） 一、课文练习：I d, a, c, d, d;II. 1. task; 2. intelligent; 3.tudy; 4. clue; 5.conclusion; 6.repeat; munication; 8. purpose; 9. probably; 10. outlineHI. 1. Instead of; 2. therefore; 3. more*than; 4. even; 5. first of all; 6. because; 7. on the other hand; 8.

35、finally; 9. looking for; 10.conversely N.I.见课文：2. Language learning is active learning. Learners should take advantage of every chance to use the language.3. Language learning should be active, independent and purposeful.4. 见一讲作业。5. The teachers often pass on their successful experience in language

36、learning to us.二、词汇练习：I.L 2.4.见一讲词汇讲解部分：3. cover: v 覆盖：uncover: v揭开，为cover的 反义词；discover： v 发现，同义词:find,习题答案为：covered; uncover; discovered II. 1. inexact; 2. technique; 3. outlined; 4. communicate; 5. regularly; 6. clue;7. intelligent; 8. incomplter; 9. similar; 10. statementIII. 1. disagree; 2. ind

37、ependent; 3. incomplete; 4. inexact; 5. uncover/discoverIV. 1, 3, 4,见一讲作业 3, 4, 5 题0 2 见课文 5. We should learn something new independently, actively and purposefully.11. Text B：要求作一般了解，属阅读理解课文，对于textB的文章来说，虽然较A篇稍长， 但难度稍低，检测阅读结果的标准是能够独立地完成课后的习题。A. Some new words：1. instance： a single fact, event, exam

38、ple.例子、实例， 常用短语for instancet例如。2. waiter： a person who serves food at the tables in a restaurant(男性), waitress女服务员、女招待3. traveler： a person who goes from place to place, esp. to a far away place travel： v 旅游4. primitive： adj 原始的：of the earliest times of life or of man5. exact 反义词 inexact6. consist;

39、v 短语：consist of 组成e.g. My class consists of 20 students.7< simply： adv, simple adj 简单的B. Some language points：1. not only，but also不但而且，并列连词。(连接两个并列成分)e. g. (1) I hope to be not 0nly your teacher, but also your good friend.(2) ，we can do it not 0nly with the help of words, but also in many other w

40、ays.2. neithernor：既不也不，并列连词，连接两个并列成分。e. g. (1) Autumn is a good season. It' s neither hot nor cold.(2) people who can neither hear nor speak talk to each other with the help of their fingers.3. He entered a restaurant and sat at a table.(坐在桌旁)4. in this way：介词短语，用这种方法e. g. I learn English by mys

41、elf. In this way, I have finally got the diploma of English major.5. The Englishman who was very hungry by this time and not at all thirsty looked very sad.a.本句包含有彳、定语从句，who was very hungry by this time and not at all thirsty 修饰先行词The Englishman0b.短语：by this time到此时为止:not at all根本不6. Words consist o

42、f sounds, but there are many sounds which have a meaning and yet are not words.译：语言是由声音组成的，但具有一定意义的声音并不都是话语。短语：consist of,句子结构中包含有一个定语从句。Key to the part exercises:page 16: T, F, T, F, T, F, F, F, T, F.Unit 2Text A: Taxes, Taxes, and More TaxesMain idea about the text: we know that the taxes in the U

43、nited States are the highest in the world. Almost everyone need pay taxes on many things. There are three levels of government in the United States, so there are three types of taxes; they are for the federal government, state government, and city government. Even some Americans think that they are

44、working one day each week just to pay their taxes.A. New words:1. tax: n税；vt对征税a. Every citizen has the right to pay tax to our country.b. My income is taxed at source.(我的收入已扣除了所得税)2. generally： adv 一般地、通常，同义词：usually,常用语：generally speaking, general adj3. type： n类型、种类；v打字a. What type of tea do you p

45、refer? Green tea.b. She typed the letter quickly and well.4. salary： n 工资，salaried： adj 拿工资的5. earn： v挣钱、赚钱，earnings n赚得的钱6. percentage: n百分比、百分率；percent n前用数词(*)a. More than ten percent of the students didn* t come today.b. A large percentage of schoolbooks now have pictures.c. I am a hundred perce

46、nt sure that he will come.7. vary： v变化、改变；varied adj有变化的、多样的(*)a. Holiday jobs are many and varied.b. people vary very much in their ideas of many things.(注意词 in 的J书法)c. prices of fruit vary from season to season.8. sale： n 出售，sell v 出售9. charge: v收费、控告a. How much do you charge for repairing my shoe

47、s?b. He was charged with the guilty of murder.10. addition： n加法、附加物；add v增加；additional adj额外的、增加的(*) a. She always adds sugar to her tea.b. He earned 1000 dollars in addition to his salary.c. We will need additional help to do the work.IL confuse： v 使混乱、混淆；confused, confusing adj; confusion n (*)a.

48、If you try to learn too many things at a time, you may get confused.b. This is a confusing word because it has two meanings.c. Do you think this will cause much confusion?d. They confused me by asking so many questions.11. complain： v 抱怨，常跟介词 of, about. complaint： n 抱怨、投诉(*)a. Students always compla

49、in about too much homework.b. She complained that the exam was too hard.c. He used to complain bitterly of his bad memory.(诉说有病)d. There is no reason for complaint.12. useless： adj 无用的，反义词 useful; careful->careless; helpfulhelpless; hopeful-*hopeless etc.13. impractical： adj 不切实际的，反义词 practical;

50、practice v 实践、实际14. program: n计划、节目、程序；v编程序15. tend： v易于、倾向于，tendency n趋势、倾向a. people tend to get fat as they grow older.b. prices continue to show an upward tendency.(物价呈持续上升趋势。)B. Intensive reading：1. Americans often say that there are only two things a person can be sure of in life： death and tax

51、es. (*)译：美国人常说，一个人一生中只有两件事可以肯定会发生：死亡和纳税。分析：主语：Americans；谓语：say： that引导一个宾语从句，还包含有一个省略了 关联代词的定语从句，a person can be sure in life修饰two things.当先行词在定语从句中作宾语时，常可省略。e. g. 1>. The watch that/which/省略 I found in the 1ibrary is his. (why?)2>. The girl who/whom/that/省略 you met at the party is my sister.

52、请试着翻译句子：1你一直在找的那个人来了。2昨天我妈给我的钱已经被偷走了。Answer：1. The man who/whom/that/省略you have been looking for has come.2. The money that/which/省略 my mother gave me yesterday was stolen.短语；be sure of：对确信、确定e. g. We can be sure of his honesty.2. Americans don' t have a corner on the death market, but many peop

53、le feel that the United States leads the world with the worst taxes. (*)译：美国人并不垄断“死亡”市场，但很多人感到美国却以最重的赋税在世界上名列前 茅。短语:have a corner on something:垄断；lead with 因领先e. g. China leads the world with her silk products.3. With the high cost of taxes, people are not very happy on April 15, when the federal ta

54、xes are due.译：由于高额的款，每年4月15日人们很不开心，因为这一天是上缴联邦税款的日 子。分析:With the high cost of taxes,介词短语作原因状语,with = because of,由于,when the federal taxes are due 是非限定性定语从句，修饰 on April 15o When 叫 关系副词。Where, when, why是定语从句中的三个关系副词，分别在定语从句中作地点状语、时 间状语、原因状语。a. This is the house where I was born.(where = in which)b. I&#

55、39; 11 never forget the day when I entered the college, (when = on which)c. please tell me the reason why you are always late for my class, (why = for which)另外，若定语从句和先行词之间用逗号分开称为非限定性定语从句。它对先行词只是进 一步补充说明，删除后不会影响整个句子的基本语意，译成汉语时一般单独翻译。4. Some states have an income tax similar to that of the federal gov

56、ernment. ()译：有些洲有与联邦政府类似的个人所得税。分析：代词that指an income tax,英文中两个进行比较的事物必须是平等的，如在 口语中我们可说“北京的天气比广州干燥”，但译为英语不能写成：The weather in Beijing is drier than Guangzhou, (x)城市不能和天气进行比较,要改为：The weather in Beijing is drier than that in Guangzhou. (J)5. other states have a sales tax, which is a percentage charged to

57、any item which you buy in that state. ()译：其他洲征收销售税，对你在该洲所买的任何商品征收一定比例的税。分析：包含有两个定语从句，which is a percentage charged to any item which you buy in that state是非限定定语从句，修饰a sales tax。其中还含有另一个限定定语从 which you buy in that state 修饰先行词 any item. charged to表示 “向,一征收''charged 过去分词作定语修饰a percentage.6. Som

58、e states use income tax in addition to sales tax to raise their revenues. ()译：有些洲除了征收销售税，还征收个人所得税来增加税收。短语：in addition to除还有（+）e. g. We need fat and protein in addition to vitamin in our diet, raise their revenue:增加税收.7. They often protest that the government uses their tax dollars in the wrong way. They say that it spends too much on useless and imp