高三英语总复习之句子系列复习只定语从句

1、高三英语总复习之句子系列复习（2）定 语 从 句在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系代词或关系副词，关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as，关系副词有when, where, why。一、关系词的基本用法who 指人，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语关系代词whom 指人，在从句中作宾语whose 指人或物，在从句中作定语that 指人或物，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语which 指物，在从句中作主语或宾语关系副词as 指人、物，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语when 指时间，在从句中作时间状语where 指地点

2、，在从句中作地点状语why 指原因，在从句中作原因状语（1）The man (whom /who/that) my mother saw in the street is my teacher.（2）The book which/ that tells us about the earth is interesting.（3）She lives in a house whose windows faces south.（4）Do you know the boy whose father is an English teacher?（5）I have never heard such stor

3、ies as he tells.（6）Ill never forget the day when /on which I joined the army.（7）I wont forget the factory where / in which my father worked.（8）Tell me the reason why you came late.二、必须用“that”引导的定语从句1、当先行词是不定代词all，little, few, much, anything , everything, none, nothing, no one, some等时。He did everythi

4、ng that he could to help us.2、先行词被all, every, no , some, any , little, much, the only, the very, the right, last , few , just 等修饰时。The only thing that we can do is to give you some advice.3、先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，或先行词本身就是序数词或形容词最高级时。This is the most interesting film that Ive ever seen.4、当先行时前有such 或the s

5、ame修饰时，先行词和关系代词指同一物时。She is wearing the same dress that she wore yesterday.5、先行词既有人又有物时，Later they talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school.6、当主句是以who或which开始时的特殊疑问句时，Who is the boy that won the gold medal?7、在同一个句子里，若有两个定语从句，其中一个关系词已用了which， 另一个宜用that.Edison built up a factory

6、 which produced things that had never been seen before.8、当关系代词在从句中作表语时。（只限于限制性定语从句中）China is no longer the country that it used to be.9、当先行词是集体名词时，多用that，He wants to join the team that won the game.10、that在有些句型中可作为关系副词，且可省略。I dont like the way (that) he talks to me.三、只用which不用that时情况1、引导非限制性定语从句时：Br

7、uce went toward the fire, which was still smoking.2、先行词在从句中作介词的宾语且介词前置。This is the house in which Lu Xun lived.3、先行词本身是that时：Whats that which flashed in the sky just now?4、先行词后有插入语时，Here is the English grammar book which, as Ive told you, will help improve your English.5、which 用作表语，指人时，一般指从事某种职业或是有某

8、种特性、品质或才能的人。He is an engineer, which I am not。关系代as：在限制性定语从句中用在such, the same, as, so之后，as引导的定语从句常采用省略形式。I have the same book as you（have）.Take as many as you want.Here is so big a stone as no man can lift.This is such a book as was given to me.四、关系代词的省略情况1、关系代在从句中作宾语时。Have you received the book (th

9、at) I sent you last week?2、关系代词在从句中作表语时。Mary is no longer the girl (that) she used to be.3、关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语，而这个介词又在句末时。This is the artist (whom) I spoke to you about.注意：关系代词的省略是指在限制性定语从句中，在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词不能省略。五、带介词的定语从句1、固定词组，介词置于后，关系代词使用灵活。This is the child (whom / who/ that) she is looking after.2、非固

10、定词组，介词位置灵活，关系代词使用严格。The man (whom/ who/ that) I spoke to is a friend of mine.The man to whom I spoke is a friend of mine.3、介词词组（关系代词远离先行词）In front of, on top of ,at the foot of, with the help of, as a result of.We stand in a building in front of which stands a lab.We arrived at a hill, on top of whi

11、ch stood a tower.4、代词/数词+of +关系代词He has written many books, most of which are for children.We have many students, two of whom have won prizes of international competitions.5、介词+关系代词+代词/数词：He has written many books, of which most are in Chinese.6、介词+whose 修饰后面的名词：He is the very man in whose pocket I

12、found my lost money.六、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别·限制性定语从句对先行词起限制确定作用。如果没有它，主句的意思就不完整，这种定语从句和主句的关系十分密切，不可用逗号隔开，在口语中前后没有停顿。He is the man whose father died last week.That is the reason why I didnt open the door.·非限制性定语从句与主句的关系不十分密切，只是对先行词起描述或补充说明的作用，省略后也不影响全句的意思，非限制性定语从句可以修饰名词、代词、短语、主句的一部分或全句，它和主句之间常

13、用逗号隔开，朗读时前后有停顿。I live in Beijing where my parents worked ten years ago.His sister, who works in WuHan, is coming to see him tomorrow.七、as 引导非限制性定语从句与which 的区别1、用于非限制性定语从句时，可以指代整个主句的内容，as 和which 可以换用。He left her, as/ which was strange.2、as 引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句的内容，从句可置于句首，句中和句尾。As everyone knows, Tom is

14、good at English.The earth, as we know, moves round the sun.3、非限制性定语从句中谓语为被动时，常用as 作主语。as is said/ known/ announced/ reported/ mentioned/ expected/ disused等。As is known to all, Taiwan is part of China.4、as引导非限制性定语从句，有“正如”的含义，因此，下列句式中多用as:as has been said aboveas anybody can seeas we had expectedas (i

15、t) appearsThings are not always as they appear.5、which 引导非限制定语从句，指代整个主句的内容，从句只能置于句尾。The decision was postponed, which was exactly what he wanted.6、which 引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句中的一个词（先行词）从句置于先行词后，可在句中或句尾。The football match, which I watched yesterday, is very interesting.7、which 引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句的内容，从句的谓语带有宾语

16、，有的还带宾语补足语。After that things improved, which astonished me.Water changes into steam, which is known to be a physical change.8、which 引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句的内容，从句意思可与主句相反，即从句为否定式或带否定前缀的形容词。He can write a letter in English, which I cannot.He was married again, which was unexpected.八、定语从句运用中的注意点1、 （1）是用the o

17、ne还是用that , which, where.（2）Is this school _ you study in?（3）Is this the school _ you study in?（4）Is this the school _ you study?（5）Is this school _ is a senior one?A. that/whichB. whereC. the oneD. the one where E. the one that / which 遇到这类句子，先将其变成肯定句，再看主句是否缺少表语。若缺表语，则必须用the one的形式，接着再看the one在从句中作

18、什么成分，若作状语，则必须用the one where，若作主语或宾语时，则用the one (that/ which)2、是用when还是用that, which （1）May 1 is the day _ we spent together.（2）May 1 is the day _i joined the army.A. that/ whichB. when当先行词是表示时间的名词时，作时间状语时，用when, 若作主语或宾语时，就用that/ which.3、定语从句与强调结构的区别（1）It was in this house _ he was born.（2）It was this

19、 house _ he was born.（3）It was in the house _ he used to live that the exhibition was held.A. whereB. thatC. whichD. there判断是否是强调结构的方法是去掉it is /was that, 若整个句子结构和意义不受影响，则为强调结构，否则为定语从句。4、定语从句与其他从句的区别（1）定语从句与地点状语从句的区别是看有无表示地点的名词作先行词，有则是定语从句，试比较：You should leave the toy where you can find. I still reme

20、mber the bus stop where / at which I met you.（2）定语从句与结果状语从句的区别是看从句的边接词是否在从句中作成分，作成分的是定语从句；若连接词在句中不作成分时，则为结果状语从句。试比较：He is such a kind person as everybody likes. He is such a kind person that everybody likes him.（3）定语从句与同位语从句的区别主要是看连接词是否在从句中作成分，作成分的是定语从句，不作成分而只是表示前面名词的具体内容的则是同位语从句。试比较：The news that h

21、e had been back surprised us all. The mews (that) he told us surprised us all.5、way 后面的定语从句（用that/ in which 或省略）：Please tell me the way (that/ in which) you did the job.Consolidation:一、用适当的关系代词填空：1. He lent me a thousand dollars, _ was exactly the amount I needed.2. The proposal _ we have to export

22、more goods is to be disscussed at the meeting.3. Bungee jumping is a sport _ a person makes a vertical jump from a high platform with a rubber rod cord tied to their ankles so that they bounce.4. _ was expected, their team failed in the competition because of insufficient preparations.5. The waterfa

23、lls, the largest of _ is like a semicircle, are 670 meters wide, and fall 56 meters in an awesome white sheet of water.6. _ there is no fire, there is no smoke.7. The question _ well put off the meeting remains to be discussed.8. Ive just finished reading a poem _ meaning is completely beyond me.9.

24、Compared to _ the girl is now today, she showed no confidence then especially in front of the public.10. Hope Project got another donation of one million yuan with _ to assist more poor children back to school.二、将下列句子转换成含有定语从句的复合句。1. China is a developing country, with Beijing as its capital. China

25、is a developing country, _.2. The thief, having been caught slipping into the bank, was arrested by the police. The thief, _., was arrested by the police.3. It is known to us all that light travels faster than sound. _, light travels faster than sound.4. There are lots of birds flying south for wint

26、er every year. There are lots of birds _.5. The Hope School has been set up where a wasteland used to be. The Hope School has been set up _.6. That stone is so heavy that no one can remove it away. That is such a heavy stone _.三、定语从句易混点对比专练1. The man _ she married last year was a soldier. A. whom B.

27、 to whom C. with whom D. whose The man _ she was married was a soldier. A. whom B. to whom C. with whom D. who 2. The day _ she spent with us was never to be forgotten. A. / B. on which C. when D. in whichThe day _ she played with us was never to be forgotten. A. that B. when C. which D. /3. Is this

28、 the factory _ you visited last week A. where B. which C. to which D. in which Is this factory _ you visited last week A. that B which C in which D. the one4. The house _ window faces south is for the doctor. A. which B. that C. whose D. of which The house _ faces south is for the doctor. A. which B

29、. whose C. who D. where5. She brought forward a plan _ we couldn't agree. A. that B. which C. / D. to which She brought forward a plan _ we couldn't accept.A. / B. for which C. to which D .of which6. The invention _ she spent 2 years will do well to the world.A. which B. / C. on which D. whe

30、n The invention _ took her 2 years will do well to the world. A. which B. / C. on which D. it7. The English subject, _ I do well, is important in middle schools.A. which B. that C. in which D. at which The English subject, _ I have mastered well, is important in middle school. A. / B. at which C. th

31、at D. in which8. Tom, _ I went to the concert, is a friend of mine. A. whom B. who C. with which D. whose Tom,_ bicycle 1 went to the concert,is a friend of mine. A. whom B. who C. whose D. on whose9. The place _ you visited during your holidays is where I used to be for years.A. where B. which C. i

32、n which D. to which The place _ you stayed for 3 years is where an ancient city used to be.A. where B. which C. that D. to which10. She will fly to Washington,_ is the capital of the U.S.A. that B. where C. which D. in which She will fly to Washington,_ she can enjoy herself. A. where B. that C. whi

33、ch D./11. The story happened on a day _ the weather was wet and cold.A. when B. which C. in which D. on when The story happened on a day _ was wet and cold. A. then B. on which C. which D./12. The sun heats the earth,_ we all know. A. that B. which C. as D. where The sun heats the earth,_ makes it p

34、ossible to grow crops. A. which B. that C. as D. where13. Tom,_ we had expected, got the 1st place in the competition(比赛).A. as B. which C. whom D. who Tom,_ we had expected to help us, didn't even show his face . A. as B. whom C. that D. which四、定语从句精选练习50题1. Such things of _ you are not sure sh

35、ould be discussed again. A. which B. what C. as D. those2. Is this the factory _ you visited the other day? A. that B. where C. in which D. the one3. Is this factory _ some foreign friends visited last Friday? A. that B. where C. which D. the one 4. Is this the factory _ he worked ten years ago? A.

36、that B. where C. which D. the one 5. The wolves hid themselves in the places _couldnt be found.A. that B. where C. in which D. in that6. The freezing point is the temperature _ water changes into ice. A. at which B. on that C. in which D. of what 7. This book will show you _ can be used in other con

37、texts.A. how you have observed B. what you have observed C. that you have observed D. how that you have observed 8. The reason is _ he is unable to operate the machine. A. because B. why C. that D. whether9. Ill tell you _ he told me last week. A. all which B. that C. all that D. which 10. That tree

38、, _ branches are almost bare, is very old. A. whose B. of which C. in which D. on which11. I have bought the same dress _ she is wearing. A. as B. that C. which D. what 12. He failed in the examination, _ made his father very angry.A. which B. it C. that D. what 13. Were talking about the piano and

39、the pianist _ were in the concert we attended last night. A. which B. whom C. who D. that 14. The girl _an English song in the next room is Toms sister.A. who is singing B. is singing C. sang D. was singing 15. Those _not only from books but also through practice will succeed.A. learn B. who C. that

40、 learns D. who learn 16. Anyone _ this opinion may speak out. A. that against B. that against C. who is against D. who are against 17. Didnt you see the man _? A. I nodded just now B. whom I nodded just now C. I nodded to him just now D. I nodded to just now 18. Can you lend me the novel _ the other

41、 day? A. that you talked B. you talked about it C. which you talked with D. you talked about 19. Is there anything _ to you? A. that is belonged B. that belongs C. that belong D. which belongs 20. - “How do you like the book?” - “Its quite different from _ I read last month.” A. that B. which C. the

42、 one D. the one what 21. Mr. Zhang gave the textbook to all the pupils except _ who had already taken them. A. the ones B. ones C. some D. the others 22. The train _ she was traveling was late. A. which B. where C. on which D. in that 23. He has lost the key to the drawer _ the papers are kept. A. w

43、here B. in which C. under which D. which 24. Antarctic _ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round. A. which B. about that C. that D. about which 25. Its the third time _ late this month. A. that you arrived B. when you arrived C. that youve arrived D. when youve arrived 26. I

44、t was in 1969 _ the American astronaut succeeded in landing on the moon. A. that B. which C. when D. in which 27. May the fourth is the day _ we Chinese people will never forget.A. which B. when C. on which D. about which 28. We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou, _ live my grandpar

45、ents and some relatives. A. which B. that C. who D. where 29. The hotel _ during our holidays stands by the seaside. A. we stayed at B. where we stayed at C. we stayed D. in that we stayed30. Is it in that factory _ “Red Flag” cars are produced? A. in which B. where C. which D. that 31. It is the Su

46、ez Canal _ separates Asia _ Africa. A. which, to B. where, from C. that, from D. that, with 32. Under the bridge, however, almost directly below, _ was a small canoe, with a boy in it. A. there B. where C. it D. which 33. He is not _ a fool _. A. such, as he is looked B. such, as he looks C. as, as

47、he is looked D. so, as he looks 34. Is that the reason _ you are in favour of the proposal? A. which B. what C. why D. for that 35. He must be from Africa, _ can be seen from his skin. A. that B. as C. who D. what 36. He has two sons, _ work as chemists. A. two of whom B. both of whom C. both of whi

48、ch D. all of whom 37. I, _ your good friend, will try my best to help you out. A. who is B. who am C. that is D. what is 38. He is a man of great experience, _ much can be learned. A. who B. that C. from which D. from whom 39. - Do you know the town at all? - No, this is the first time I _ here. A.

49、was B. have been C. came D. am coming 40. I dont like _ you speak to her. A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which 41. The two things _ they felt very proud are Jims gold watch and Dellas hair. A. about which B. of which C. in which D. for which 42. The dinner was the most

50、expensive meal we _. A. would have B. have had C. had never had D. had ever had 43. Do you know which hotel _? A. she is staying B. she is staying in C. is she staying D. is she staying in44. There is only one thing _ I can do. A. what B. that C. all D. which 45. Who can think of a situation _ this

51、idiom can be used? A. which B. that C. where D. in that 46. I have many books, some of _ are on chemistry. A. them B. that C. which D. those 47. They were interested _ you told them. A. in which B. in that C. all that D. in everything 48. The astronaut did many experiments in the spaceship, _ much help for knowing space. A. which we think it is B. which we think are of C. of which we think is D. I think which is of 49. The great day we looked forward to _ at last. A. come B. came C. coming D. comes 50. I like t