初中英语语法学习 现在进行时及练习题

1、一、现在进行时的含义 现在进行时是由“助动词be(am, is, are)动词-ing”构成，表示说话者“此刻”或现阶段的行为。二、现在进行时的基本结构1肯定句：主语+be(am, is, are)+现在分词+ 例如：I am speaking with him on the phone. 我正和他通电话。He is playing tennis. 他正在打网球。 My parents are dancing. 我父母正在跳舞。2否定句：主语+be not+现在分词+ 例如：I'm not studying. 我没在学习。 She is not reading now. 现在她不是在看

2、书。They are not writing. 他们没在写。3一般疑问句：Be动词+主语+现在分词+？ 例如：(1) Is she still helping Li Ling? 她还在帮助李玲吗？ Yes, she is. 是的。/No, she isn't. 不，她没在帮李玲。(2) Are you listening to music? 你正在听音乐吗？ Yes, I am. 是的。/No, I'm not. 不，我没有听音乐。4特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be动词+主语+现在分词+？ 例如： What are you studying? 你正在学什么？ I'm stu

3、dying English. 我在学英语。 What is Mike doing? 迈克在做什么？-He is watching the football match. 他在看足球比赛。三、 现在分词的变化规则1.一般在动词末尾加ing,如： think-thinking go-going 2.以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e,再加ing，如： come-coming make-making 3.以重读闭音节结尾的动词，中间只有一个元音字母，词尾只有一个辅音字母，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing, 如： put-putting run-running 四、现在进行时的基本用法1表示此时此刻(

4、说话者)正在进行的动作。例如：The teacher is talking with his students. 这位老师正在同他的学生交谈。What are you doing now? 你现在干什么呢？2表示现阶段正在进行的动作，但此刻并不一定在进行。 例如：We are doing an experiment this week. 我们这个星期正在做一个实验。(但说话时并不一定在做实验。)3现在进行时有时可用来表示将来发生的动作，这一用法常用于go, come, leave, start 等短暂性动词，后面也常用表示较近的将来时间状语 (如tomorrow, tonight, this

5、morning/Friday等)，表示安排或计划好的事情。例如：We are leaving for Shanghai tomorrow. 我们明天启程去上海。4现在进行时表示说话时正发生的或者正进行的动作。常与时间状语 now , at the moment 等连用。It is raining hard now . Don't hurry .I am writing a letter . Will you please turn down the radio ?Watch out (当心) ! It's falling .Look ! The clouds are gathe

6、ring .Look at this picture of a busy railway station . A train is standing at one of the platforms ready to leave . Some of thepassengers are looking out of the windows watching the late-comers who are hurrying along looking for empty seats .We are busy at the moment . I'm selling cigarettes . M

7、y father is selling some sweets .5.表示按计划、安排将要发生的动作。We are going to Rome next week . Mr Black is leaving for Shanghai in a few days .Are you doing anything special tonight ?6用在时间和条件状语从句中表达将来正进行的动作。I'll telephone you tomorrow while I'm waiting .I'll think about it while you are writing the

8、 report .When you are talking with him , take care not to mention this .If you are standing at the corner when I pass , I'll give you a lift into town .五、现在进行时的练习题 按要求改写句子The boy is playing basketball.否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯定回答：_ 否定回答：_对“is playing basketball”提问：_对“ The boy”提问：_They are singing in the cla

9、ssroom.否定句：_ 一般疑问句：_肯定回答：_ 否定回答：_对“are singing ”提问：_对“ in the classroom”提问：_3.仿照例句造句:Model: read, a book-What are you doing?-I'm reading a book.1).read a new book_ 2).clean the blackboard_4.she,the window ,open, now.(用现在进行时连词成句.)_5.The birds are singing in the tree.(就划线部分提问)_6.is,who,the window,

10、 cleaning?(连词成句)_7. The children are playing games near the house.(就划线部分提问)_8.She is closing the door now.(改成否定句)_9.You are doing your homework.(用“I”作主语改写句子)_10.they,the tree, sing, now, under.(用现在进行时连词成句.)_11.The Young Pioneers are helping the old woman.(改成一般疑问句)_II.单项选择( )1.我在照看孩子.(A)I am looking

11、after the baby. (B)I'm look aftering the baby.(C)I look am aftering the baby. (D)I looking after the baby.( )2._friend's making _a kite.(A)I, me (B)My, my(C)My, me (D)His, his( )3.Is the woman _ yellow your teacher?(A)in (B)putting on(C)wearing(D)having( )4.Look!The twins _their mother do th

12、e housework.(A)are wanting (B)help(C)are helping (D)are looking( )5._are the birds doing? They are singing in a tree.(A)Who (B)What(C)How (D)Where( )6.Is she _something?(A)eat (B)eating(C)eatting (D)eats( )7.你在干什么?(A)What is you doing? (B)What are you do?(C)What are you doing?(D)What do you do?( )8.

13、What are you listening_? (A)/(B)for(C)at (D)to( )9.我正在听他说话.(A)I listening to him.(B)I'm listening to him.(C)I'm listen to him. (D)I'm listening him.( )10.They are _their clothes.(A)makeing (B)putting(C)put away (D)putting on( )11.Listen! She_in the classroom.(A)is singing (B)sing (C)to s

14、ing (D)is sing( )12.Today Jim_ his white shirt and brown trousers.(A)is putting on (B)wear(C)put on (D)is wearing( )13._are you eating? I'm eating _meat.(A)What ,some (B)Which, any(C)Where, not (D)Wha t,a( )14.They_TV in the evening.They do their homework.(A)are watching(B)can't watching(C)d

15、on't watch (D)don't watching( )15.The children _football.(A)is playing (B)are playing (C)play the (D)play a( )16.They are flying kites.(A)他们喜欢放风筝. (B)他们在放风筝吗?(C)他们在放风筝. (D)他们常放风筝.( )17.Here are many books. Please _them.(A)look (B)write(C)count (D)taking( )18.Look,They are swimming in the riv

16、er.I want _you.(A)to go with (B)go with(C)helping (D)help( )19.Look.Lucy is _a new bike today.(A)jumping (B)running(C)riding (D)takingIII.用现在进行时完成下列句子:1.What_you_(do)? 2.I_(sing) an English song.3.What_he_(mend)? 4.He_(mend) a car.5._you_(fly) a kite? Yes ,_.6._she_(sit) in the boat?7._you_(ask) que

17、stions?8.We_(play) games now.9.The man_(work) near the house now.过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内进行或发生的动作。其形式为was /were + V-ing。常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如：last night, last Saturday等；或者与when, while, as引导的过去时间状语连用1. 过去进行时由“主语+was/were + 现在分词”构成 例如： We were having supper when the phone rang. 我们正在吃晚饭时电话响了。 2. 过去进行时的否定式由“主语+w

18、as/were not +现在分词”构成 例如： This time yesterday Jack was not watching TV. He was repairing his bike. 昨天这个时候，杰克不是在看电视，而是在修理自行车。 3. 过去进行时的疑问式由“was/were + 主语+ 现在分词”构成 例如： Were you playing basketball at four yesterday afternoon? 昨天下午四点你们在打篮球吗?1. 过去进行时的基本用法主要表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作。 如：He fell asleep when he was rea

19、ding. 他看书时睡着了。 2. 用过去进行时表示现在主要是为了使语气委婉、客气。 如：I was wondering if you could give me a lift. 我不知你能否让我搭一下车。 【注】一般过去时也有类似用法，但比较而言，用过去进行时显得更客气，更不肯定。 3. 过去进行时表示感情色彩与现在进行时相似，过去进行时也可表示满意、称赞、惊讶、厌恶等感情色彩，也通常与 always,forever,continually等副词连用。 如：They were always quarrelling. 他们老是吵架。 4. 也可表示过去一时的表现或暂时的状态。 比较：He wa

20、s friendly. 他很友好。（指过去长期如此） He was being friendly. 他当时显得很友好。（指当时一时的表现） 补充：when 的后面加一般过去时，而且动词是不延续性动词。 while 的后面加过去进行时，动词是延续性动词。 特殊用法1、当句子意思很清楚时，我们也可以把两个动词都换成一般过去时 We listened carefully when the teacher read the text. 老师读课文时，我们都仔细地听着。 2、表示按计划、安排过去将要发生的事。用于come,go,leave,start,arrive等表示位置转移的动词时，也可以用过去进行

21、时表示过去将要发生的动作。 如：He told me that he was going soon. 他告诉我他很快就要走了。 3、表示故事发生的背景。 It was snowing as the medical team made its way to the front. 那支医疗小组往前线行进时，天正下着雪。 4、表示一个新的动作刚刚开始。 过去进行时可用来引出一个新的动作，这种用法颇有点儿像镜头转换。 Five minutes later,he stood in the doorway smoking a cigarette. 5分钟后，他已站在门口抽着烟。 5、过去进行时还可和whe

22、n结构遥相呼应，含有意外之意。 I was walking in the street when someone called me. 我正在街上走时突然有人喊我。 6、用来陈述原因或用作借口。 She went to the doctor yesterday. She was having a lot of trouble with her heart.她昨天去看病了。她患了很严重的心脏病。 7、与always,constantly等词连用，表示感情色彩。 The girl was always changing her mind. 这女孩老是改变主意。中考英语时态专项训练题：过去进行时一

23、、单选1 What _ from three to four yesterday afternoon？A have you done B had you done C did you do D were you doing2 - I call you yesterday evening， but there was no answer.- Oh.， Im sorry I _ dinner at my friends home.A home B had C was having D have had3 My mother _ while my father _TV.A cooked；was wa

24、tching B was cooking；was watchingC was cooked；watched D cooked；watched4 When I got home， my son _ the music.A am listening to B listened to C was listening to D was listening5 We heard a cry when we _ TV last night.A were watching B would watch C watch D watched6 She asked him whether he _ back for

25、lunch.A come B was coming C came D had come7 Could you tell me when _？A she is coming B she was coming C will be come D is he coming8 The teacher _ when I came into the classroom.A is drawing B draws C has drawn D was drawing9 The pizza _ by my mother. Would you like to have some？A makes B was makin

26、g C made D was made10 Nobody noticed what she _ at the moment.A will do B was doing C has done D had done11 Was it raining hard when you _ this morning？A left B leaves C was leaving D would leave答案：1 D 2 C 3 B 4 C 5 A 6 B 7 A 8 D 9 D 10 B 11 A二 、填空1 _ they_ （ feed） the animals at 5：00 yesterday afte

27、rnoon？2 Mrs.Green _ _ （not wash） clothes at this time yesterday.3 Grandpa _ _ （mend） his clock when I reached home.4 As I _ （walk） in the park， I saw some children playing games.答案：1 were feeding 2 wasnt washing 3 was mending 4 was walking一般将来时表示将来某一时刻发生的动作或状态， 或将来某一段时间内经常进行的动作或状态。一般将来时由助动词shall / w

28、ill+动词原形，或be going to + 动词原形构成。 美国英语则不管什么人称，一律用will。 be going to形式可以在任何情况下使用。 shall 和 will 常常缩写成'll ,紧接在主语之后。其否定式 shall not 和will not 的缩写式分别为 shan't 和 won't。基本句型 肯定句：I/We shall/will go. You/He/She/They Will go. 否定句：I/We shall/will not go. You/He/She/They Will not go. 疑问句：Shall I/we go? W

29、ill you/he/she/they go? 简略回答：（肯）Yes,主语shall/will (否) No,主语 shall/will not 特殊疑问句：一般将来时的特殊疑问句是将疑问词放在句首，后接一般疑问句（就主语提问时，以疑问词who开头的疑问词除外） - why will you be here on Sunday?（周日你为什么将要在这儿？） -I will have a meeting on Sunday（我将要在周日举行一个聚会） （对特殊疑问句要进行具体回答） 一般疑问句：be或will提到句首，some改any,and改or，第一二人称互换 We are going t

30、o go on an outing this weekend.-Are you going to go on an outing this weekend? 被动句：will/shall+be+v.ed(及物动词过去分词） The letter will be sent tomorrow 这封信明天将寄出去 We shall be punished if we break the rule 如果我们违反规定，我们将受到惩罚。 注意：will和shall在句子中所表达的“意志”是不同的，当句子主语是第一人称（I）的时候表示的是主语 I 的自主“意志”，很多人可能会问什么是自主意志。那么下面就举个

31、例子： I will be clear tomorrow . 我会把这件事弄个水落石出（词句有多个意思，这里举此例） 分析：这个句子中用will时，主语 I(我） 就带有强烈的意志，意思是我想让事情水落石出，并且有我会为此付诸努力的意思。当第一人称，用shall的时候就是一个普通的句子，就没有主语的意志。 I shall come back in ten minutes .这句话就是单纯的说 我会在10分钟后回来 没有别的意思 I will come back in ten minutes. 而这句话就有一种意境上的不同。我会在10分钟后回来，其中的意思还有，就算我有事耽搁了我也会想办法在10

32、分钟后回来的意思 shall在第二 、三人称时也和will在第一人称一样。也只有在二三人称才带有意志，只不过shall带有的是“说话者”的意志。而不是主语的意志。 如：he shall be rewarded 他会得到回报 分析这句话更深度的意思，我说过在shall用在第二三人称时有强烈的“说话者”的意志。而这句话的“说话者”意志就是 他会得到回报，就算他没有得到回报“说话者”也会想办法让“he”得到回报 you shall die 你找死 这句话也一样，表示“说话者”的意志是想要杀死 "you" “you”没有死，但是“说话者”想让“you”死，并且会付诸行动。这就是意志

33、一般将来时 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作。常常与表示将来的时间状语连用。常用的表达形式共有五种，现归纳如下： 用will或shall表示 “助动词will或shall+动词原形”这一形式，表示将来发生的事情，用于征求对方的意见或表示客气的邀请。在口语中will用于所有人称，书面语中第一人称常用shall【其实will也可以用到】。如： 1. Tomorrow will be Sunday. 明天就是星期天。 2. The rain will stop soon. 雨很快就要停了。 3. Shall we go there at five?

34、我们五点钟去那儿，好吗？ 4. Will you please open the door? 请你把门打开，好吗？ 用be going to结构表示 “be going to+动词原形”用来表示近期或事先考虑过的将要发生的动作以及已有迹象表明必将发生某事，意为“打算；就要”。如： 1. We're going to meet outside the school gate. 我们打算在校门口见面。 2. Look! It's going to rain. 瞧！快下雨了。 用现在进行时表示 表示位置转移的动词（如：go, come, leave, start, arrive等），

35、可用现在进行时表示将来时。如： 1. Uncle Wang is coming. 王叔叔就要来了。 2. They're leaving for Beijing. 他们即将前往北京。 用一般现在时表示 根据规定或时间表预计要发生的动作，在时间和条件状语从句中，都可用一般现在时表示将来时。如： 1. The new term starts (begins) on August 29th. 新学期八月二十九日开学。 2. If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go out for a picnic. 如果明天不下雨，我们将出去野餐。 用“be+动

36、词不定式”或用“be about to +动词原形”的结构表示 如： 1. He is to visit Japan next year. 明年他将访问日本。 2. They're about to leave. (=They're leaving.) 他们就要走了。一、单项选择。(   ) 1.  There _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.         A. will be going to   

37、60;           B. will going to be         C. is going to be                 D. will go to be(   ) 2.  Charlie _ her

38、e next month.         A. isnt working                 B. doesnt working         C. isnt going to working      

39、  D. wont work(   ) 3.  He _ very busy this week, he _ free next week.         A. will be; is                    B. is; is    

40、;     C. will be; will be               D. is; will be(   ) 4.  There _ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.         A. was    &

41、#160;                       B. is going to have         C. will have             

42、0;        D. is going to be(   ) 5.  _ you _ free tomorrow?        No. I _ free the day after tomorrow.         A. Are; going to; will       

43、;     B. Are; going to be; will         C. Are; going to; will be         D. Are; going to be; will be(   ) 6.  Mother _ me a nice present on my next birthday.    &#

44、160;    A. will gives                     B. will give         C. gives            &#

45、160;             D. give(   ) 7.  Shall I buy a cup of tea for you?        _. （不，不要。）         A. No, you wont.      

46、0;         B. No, you arent.         C. No, please dont.             D. No, please.(   ) 8.  Where is the morning paper?    &

47、#160;   I _ if for you at once.         A. get                            B. am getting    

48、0;    C. to get                         D. will get二、动词填空。1. I _（leave）in a minute. I _（finish）all my work before I _ （leave）.2. How long _ you _（study）in our countr

49、y? I _（plan）to be here for about one more year. I _（hope）to visit the other parts of your country. What _ you _（do）after you _（leave）here? I _（return）home and _（get）a job.3. I _（be）tired. I _（go）to bed early tonight.4. Marys birthday is next Monday, her mother _（give）her a presen

50、t.三、句型转换。1. People in the north often go skating in winter. （next winter） 2. There are two cinemas in that town. （next year） 3. He comes back late.（in two days） 4. She is a conductor of a train.（soon）参考答案：一、单项选择。1. C    2. D     3. D   

51、;  4.D     5. D     6. B     7. C     8. D    二、动词填空。1. am leaving ; will finish ; leave    2. will ; study ; plan ; hope ; will ; do ; leave ; will return ; get3. am ; will &

52、#160;        4. will give             三、句型转换。1. People in the north will go skating next winter.2. There will be two cinemas in that town next year.3. He will come back late in two days.4. She will be a co

53、nductor of a train soon. 作业一、单项选择。 (   ) 1. The day after tomorrow they _ a volleyball match.          A. will watching                   B. watc

54、hes          C. is watching                     D. is going to watch(   ) 2. There _ a birthday party this Sunday.     &

55、#160;    A. shall be                        B. will be          C. shall going to be       

56、;        D. will going to be(   ) 3. They _ an English evening next Sunday.          A. are having                  

57、0;   B. are going to have          C. will having                     D. is going to have(   ) 4. _ you _ free next Sunday?          A. Will; are                       B. Will; be     &