建筑专业英语词汇(心血自制)

1、建筑专业英语词汇a. DESIGNBASIS设计依据b. DESIGNSTAGE设计阶段c. CLIMATECONDITION气象条件d. GENERALROOMNAM常用房间名称e. ROOFING&CEILING屋面及天棚f. WALL(CLADDING)墙体(外墙板)g. FLOOR&TRENCH地面及地沟详细设计detaildesign询价图enquirydrawing施工图workingdrawing,constructiondrawing竣工图as-builtdrawingc.CLIMATECONDITION气象条件日照sunshine风玫瑰windrose主导风向

2、prevailingwinddirection整理 doch. DOORS、GLASSWINDOWS&IRONMONGERY(HARDWARE(平均)风速maximum(mean)windvelocity门、玻璃、窗及五金件I.STAIRCASELANDING&LIFT(ELEVATOR腰梯、休息平台及电梯j. BUILDINGMATERIALWORDSANDPHRASES!筑材料词汇及短语BricksandTiles砖和瓦Lime,SandandStone灰、砂和石Cement,MortarandConcrete水泥、砂浆和混凝土FacingAndPlasteringMate

3、rials饰面及粉刷材料Asphalt(Bitumen)andAsbestos沥青和石棉Timber木材MetallicMaterials金属材料Non-FerrousMetal有色金属Anti-CorrosionMaterials防腐蚀材料BuildingHardware建五金Paint油漆k. OTHERARCHITECTURALTERMS它建筑术语Discipline专业ConventionalTerms一般通用名词ArchitecturalPhysics建筑物理NameOfProfessionalrole职务名称Drafting制图a. DESIGNBASIS设计依据计划建议书plan

4、ningproposals设计任务书designorder标准规范standardsandcodes条件图informationdrawing设计基础资料basicdatafordesign工艺流程图processflowchart工程地质资料engineeringgeologicaldata原始资料originaldata设计进度scheduleofdesignb. STAGEOFDESIGN设计阶段方案scheme,draft草图sketch会谈纪要summaryofdiscussion谈判negotiation可行性研究feasibilitystudy初步设计preliminarydes

5、ign基础设计basicdesign风荷载windload最大(平均)降雨量maximum(mean)rainfall雷击及闪电thunderandlightning飓风hurricane台风typhoon旋风cyclone降雨强度rainfallintensity年降雨量annualrainfall湿球温度wetbulbtemperature干球温度drybulbtemperature冰冻期frostperiod冰冻线frostline冰冻区frostzone室外计算温度calculatingoutdoortemperature采暖地区regionwithheatingprovision不采

6、暖地区regionwithoutheatingprovision绝对大气压absoluteatmosphericpressure相对湿度relativehumidityd.GENERALROOMNAM甯用房间名称办公室office服务用房serviceroom换班室shiftroom休息室restroom(breakroom)起居室livingroom浴室bathroom淋浴间shower更衣室lockerroom厕所lavatory门厅lobby诊室clinic工作间workshop电气开关室switchroom走廊corridor档案室archive电梯机房liftmotorroom车库g

7、arage清洁间cleaningroom会议室(正式)conferenceroom会议室meetingroom衣柜间wardrobe暖风间H.V.A.Croom饭店 restaurant餐厅 canteen, dining room厨房 kitchen入口 entrance接待处reception area会计室accountant room秘书室secretary room电气室electrical room控制室control room工长室foreman office开关柜室switch gear前室antecabinet (Ante.)生产区production area马达控制中心M

8、cc多功能用房utilityroom化验室laboratory room经理室 manager room披 屋 ( 阁楼 ) penthouse警卫室 guard housee. ROOFING AND CEILING 屋面及天棚女儿墙parapet雨蓬canopy屋脊roof ridge坡度slope坡跨比pitch分水线water-shed二毡三油 2 layers of felt & 3 coats of bitumastic附加油毡一层 extra ply of felt檐口 eave挑檐 overhanging eave檐沟 eave gutter平屋面flat roof坡屋

9、面pitched roof雨水管downspout, rain waterpipe)(R.W.P)汇水面积 catchment area泛水flashing内排水interior drainage外排水exterior drainage滴水drip屋面排水roof drainage找平层leveling course卷材屋面built-up roofing天棚 ceiling檩条 purlin屋面板roofing board天花板ceiling board防水层water-proof course检查孔inspection hole人孔 manhole吊顶 suspended ceiling,

10、 false ceiling檐板 ( 窗帘盒 ) cornicef. WALL(CLADDING)墙体(外墙板)砖墙brickwall砌块墙blockwall清水砖墙brickwallwithoutplastering抹灰墙renderedwall石膏板墙gypsumboard,plasterboard空心砖墙hollowbrickwall承重墙bearingwall非承重墙non-bearingwall纵墙longitudinalwall横墙transversewall外墙external(exterior)wall内墙internal(interior)wall填充墙fillerwall防

11、火墙firewall窗间墙wallbetweenwindow空心墙cavitywall压顶coping圈梁gird,girt,girth玻璃隔断glazedwall防潮层damp-proofcourse(D.P.C)遮阳板sunshade阳台balcony伸缩缝expansionjoint沉降缝settlementjoint抗震缝seismicjoint复合夹心板sandwichboard压型单板corrugatedsinglesteelplate外墙板claddingpanel复合板compositepanel轻质隔断light-weightpartition牛腿bracket砖烟囱bric

12、kchimney勒脚(基座)plinthg. FLOORANDTRENCH地面及地沟地坪grade地面和楼面groundandfloor素土夯实rammedearth炉渣夯实tampedcinder填土filledearth回填土夯实tampedbackfill垫层beddingcourse,blinding面层covering,finish结合层bonding(binding)course找平层levelingcourse素水泥浆结合层neatcementbindingcourse混凝土地面concretefloor水泥地面cementfloor机器磨平混凝土地面machinetrowell

13、edconcretefloor水磨石地面terrazzoflooring马赛克地面mosaicflooring瓷砖地面ceramictileflooring油地毡地面linoleumflooring预制水磨石地面precastterrazzoflooring硬木花地面hard-woodparquetflooring搁栅joist硬木毛地面hard-woodroughflooring企口板地面tonguedandgroovedflooring防酸地面acid-resistantfloor钢筋混凝土楼板reinforcedconcreteslab(R.CSlab)乙烯基地面vinylfloorin

14、g水磨石嵌条dividerstripforterrazzo地面做2坡floorwith2%slope集水沟gully集水口gulley排水沟drainagetrench沟盖板trenchcover活动盖板removablecoverplate集水坑sumppit孔翻边holeupstand电缆沟cabletrenchh. DOORS,GLASS,WINDOWfRONMONGERY(HARDWARE)玻璃、窗及五金件木(钢)门wooden(steel)door镶板门panelleddoor夹板门plywooddoor铝合金门aluminumalloydoor卷帘门rollershutterdoo

15、r弹簧门swingdoor推拉门slidingdoor平开门side-hungdoor折叠门foldingdoor旋转门revolvingdoor玻璃门glazeddoor密闭门air-Tightdoor保温门thermalinsulatingdoor镀锌铁丝网门galvanizedsteelwiremeshdoor防火门firedoor(大门上的)小门wicket门框doorframe门扇doorleaf门洞dooropening结构开洞structuralopening单扇门singledoor双扇门doubledoor疏散门emergencydoor纱门screendoor门槛doors

16、ill门过梁doorlintel上冒头toprail下冒头bottomrail门边木stile门樘侧料sidejumb槽口notch木窗woodenwindow钢窗steelwindow铝合金窗aluminumalloywindow百叶窗(通风为主)sun-bind,louver(louver,shutter,blind)塑钢窗plasticsteelwindow空腹钢窗hollowsteelwindow固定窗fixedwindow平开窗side-hungwindow推拉窗slidingwindow气窗transom上悬窗top-hungwindow中悬窗center-pivotedwindo

17、w下悬窗hopperwindow活动百叶窗adjustablelouver天窗skylight老虎窗dormerwindow密封双层玻璃sealeddoubleglazing钢筋混凝土过梁reinforcedconcretelintel钢筋砖过梁reinforcedbricklintel窗扇casementsash窗台windowsill窗台板windowboard窗中梃mullion窗横木mutin窗边木stile压缝条covermould窗帘盒curtainbox合页(铰链)hinge(butts)转轴pivot长脚铰链parliamenthinge闭门器doorcloser地弹簧floo

18、rcloser插销bolt门锁doorlock拉手pull链条chain门钩doorhanger碰球balllatch窗钩windowcatch暗插销insertbolt电动开关器electricopener平板玻璃plateglass夹丝玻璃wireglass透明玻璃clearglass毛玻璃(磨砂玻璃)groundglass(frostedglass)防弹玻璃bullet-proofglass石英玻璃quartzglass吸热玻璃heatabsorbingglass磨光玻璃polishedglass着色玻璃pigmentedglass玻璃瓦glasstile玻璃砖glassblock有机玻

19、璃organicglassI.STAIRCASE,LANDING&LIFT(ELEVATOR)楼梯、休息平台及电梯楼梯stair楼梯间staircase疏散梯emergencystair旋转梯spiralstair(circularstair)吊车梯craneladder直爬梯verticalladder踏步step扇形踏步winder(wheelstep)踏步板tread档步板riser踏步宽度treadwidth防滑条non-slipinsert(strips)栏杆railing(balustrade)平台栏杆platformrailing吊装孔栏杆railingaroundmou

20、ntinghole扶手handrail梯段高度heightofflight防护梯笼protectingcage(safetycage)平台landing(platform)操作平台operatingplatform装卸平台platformforloading&unloading楼梯平台stairlanding客梯passengerlift货梯goodslift客/货两用梯goods/passengerlift液压电梯hydrauliclift自动扶梯escalator观光电梯observationelevator电梯机房liftmortarroom电梯坑liftpit电梯井道lifts

21、haftj. BUILDINGMATERIALWORDSANDPHRASE魁筑材料词汇及短语BricksandTiles砖和瓦红砖redbrick粘土砖claybrick瓷砖glazedbrick(ceramictile)防火砖firebrick空心砖hollowbrick面砖facingbrick地板砖flooringtile缸砖clinkerybrick马赛克mosaic陶粒混凝土ceramsiteconcrete琉璃瓦glazedtile脊瓦ridgetile石棉瓦asbestostile(shingle)波形石棉水泥瓦corrugatedasbestoscementsheetLime,

22、SandandStone灰、砂和石石膏gypsum大理石marble汉白玉whitemarble花岗岩granite碎石crushedstone毛石rubble蛭石vermiculite珍珠岩pearlite水磨石terrazzo卵石cobble砾石gravel粗砂coursesand中砂mediumsand细砂finesandCement,MortarandConcrete水泥、砂浆和混凝土波特兰水泥(普通硅酸盐水泥)Portlandcement硅酸盐水泥silicatecement火山灰水泥pozzolanacement白水泥whitecement水泥砂浆cementmortar石灰砂浆l

23、imemortar水泥石灰砂浆(混合砂浆)cement-limemortar保温砂浆thermalmortar防水砂浆water-proofmortar耐酸砂浆acid-resistantmortar耐碱砂浆alkaline-resistantmortar沥青砂浆bituminousmortar纸筋灰paperstripmixedlimemortar麻刀灰hempcutlimemortar灰缝mortarjoint素混凝土plainconcrete钢筋混凝土reinforcedconcrete轻质混凝土lightweightconcrete细石混凝土fineaggregateconcrete沥

24、青混凝土asphaltconcrete泡沫混凝土foamedconcrete炉渣混凝土cinderconcreteFacingAndPlasteringMaterials饰面及粉刷材料水刷石graniticplaster斩假石artificialstone刷浆limewash可赛银casein大白浆whitewash麻刀灰打底hempcutsandlimeasbase喷大白浆两道sprayedtwicewithwhitewash分格抹水泥砂浆cementmortarplastersectioned板条抹灰lathandplasterAsphalt(Bitumen)andAsbestos沥青和石

25、棉沥青卷材asphaltfelt沥青填料asphaltfiller沥青胶泥asphaltgrout冷底子油adhesivebitumenprimer沥青玛啼脂asphalticmastic沥青麻丝bitumasticoakum石棉板asbestossheet石棉纤维asbestosfiberTimber木材裂缝crack透裂split环裂shake干缩shrinkage翘曲warping原木log圆木roundtimber方木squaretimber板材plank木条batten板条lath木板board红松redpine白松whitepine落叶松deciduouspine云杉spruce柏

26、木cypress白杨whitepoplar桦木birch冷杉fir栎木oak榴木willow榆木elm杉木cedar柚木teak樟木camphorwood防腐处理的木材preservative-treatedlumber胶合板plywood三(五)合板3(5)-plywood企口板tonguedandgroovedboard层夹板laminatedplank胶合层夹木材glue-laminatedlumber纤维板fiber-board竹子bambooMetallicMaterials金属材料黑色金属ferrousmetal圆钢steelbBar方钢squaresteel扁钢steelstra

27、p,flatsteel型钢steelsection(shape)槽钢channel角钢anglesteel等边角钢equal-legangle不等边角钢unequal-legangle工字钢I-beam宽翼缘工字钢wideflangeI-beam丁(之)字钢T-bar(Z-bar)冷弯薄壁型钢lightgaugecold-formedsteelshape热轧hot-rolled冷轧cold-rolled冷拉cold-drawn冷压cold-pressed合金钢alloysteel钛合金titaniumalloy不锈钢stainlesssteel竹节钢筋corrugatedsteelbar变形钢

28、筋deformedbar光圆钢筋plainroundbar钢板steelplate薄钢板thinsteelplate低碳钢lowcarbonsteel冷弯coldbending钢管steelpipe(tube)无缝钢管seamlesssteelpipe焊接钢管weldedsteelpipe黑铁管ironpipe镀锌钢管galvanizedsteelpipe铸铁castiron生铁pigiron熟铁wroughtiron镀锌铁皮galvanizedsteelsheet镀锌铁丝galvanizedsteelwire钢丝网steelwiremesh多孔金属网expandedmetal锰钢managa

29、nesesteel高强度合金钢highstrengthalloysteelNon-FerrousMetal有色金属金gold白金platinum铜copper黄铜brass青铜bronze银silver铝aluminum铅leadAnti-CorrosionMaterials防腐蚀材料聚乙烯polythene,polyethylene尼龙nylon聚氯乙烯PVC(polyvinylchloride)聚碳酸酯polycarbonate聚苯乙烯polystyrene丙烯酸树酯acrylicresin乙烯基酯vinylester仪表 instrument热力供应 heat power supply动

30、力mechanical power工艺 process technology管道pipingConventional Terms 一般通用名词建筑原理architectonics建筑形式architectural style民用建筑civil architecture城市建筑urban architecture农村建筑rural architecture农业建筑farm building工业建筑industrial building重工业的heavy industrial轻工业的light industrial古代建筑ancient architecture现代建筑modern archite

31、cture标准化建筑standardized buildings附属建筑auxiliary buildings城市规划 city planning厂区内within site厂区外offsite封闭式closed type开敞式open type半开敞式 semi-open type模数制modular system单位造价 unit cost概算 preliminary estimate承包商constructor, contractor现场 site扩建extension改建reconstruction防火fire-prevention防震 aseismatic, quake-proof防

32、腐 anti-corrosion防潮 dump-proof防水water-proof防尘 dust-proof防锈rust-proof车流量traffic volume货流量freight traffic volume人流量pedestrian volume透视图perspective drawing建筑模型building model建筑物理Architectural Physics照明illumination照度degree of illumination亮度brightness日照sunshine天然采光natural lighting光强light intensity侧光side li

33、ght橡胶内衬rubberlining氯丁橡胶neoprene沥青漆bitumenpaint环氧树脂漆epoxyresinpaint氧化锌底漆zincoxideprimer防锈漆anti-rustpaint耐酸漆acid-resistantpaint耐碱漆alkali-resistantpaint水玻璃sodiumsilicate树脂砂浆resin-bondedmortar环氧树脂epoxyresinBuildingHardware建筑五金钉子nails螺纹屋面钉spiral-threadedroofingnail环纹石膏板钉annular-ringgypsumboardnail螺丝screw

34、s平头螺丝flat-headscrew螺栓bolt普通螺栓commercialbolt高强螺栓highstrengthbolt预埋螺栓insertbolt胀锚螺栓cinchbolt垫片washerPaint油漆底漆primer防锈底漆rust-inhibitiveprimer防腐漆anti-corrosionpaint调和漆mixedpaint无光漆flatpaint透明漆varnish银粉漆aluminumpaint磁漆enamelpaint干性油dryingoil稀释剂thinner焦油tar沥青漆asphaltpaint桐油tungoil,Chinesewoodoil红丹redlead铅

35、油leadoil腻子puttyk. OTHERARCHITECTURALTERM其它建筑术语Discipline专业建筑architecture土木civil给排水watersupplyanddrainage总图plotplan采暖通风H.V.A.C(heating、ventilationandairconditioning)电力供应electricpowersupply电气照明electriclighting电讯telecommunication顶光 top light眩光 glaze方位角 azimuth辐射 radiation对流 convection传导 conduction遮阳 su

36、n-shade保温 thermal insulation恒温constant temperature恒湿constant humidity噪音 noise隔音 sound-proof吸音 sound absorption露点 dew point隔汽 vapor-proofName Of Professional role 职务名称项目经理project manager (PM)设计经理design manager首席建筑师principal architect总工程师chief engineer土木工程师civil engineer工艺工程师process engineer电气工程师elect

37、rical engineer机械工程师mechanical engineer计划工程师planning engineer助理工程师assistant engineer实习生 probationer专家 specialist, expert制图员draftsman技术员technicianDrafting 制图总说明general specification工程说明 project specification采用标准规范目录list of standards andspecification adopted图纸目录 list of drawings平面图 plan局部放大图 detail wit

38、h enlarged scale 平面示意图schematic plan of. 平剖面图 sectional plan of.留孔平面图 plan of provision of holes剖面section纵剖面longitudinal section横剖面cross (transverse) section立面elevation正立面front elevation透视图perspective drawing侧立面side elevation背立面back elevation详图 detail drawings典型节点 typical detail节点号 detail No.首页frontpage图纸目录及说明listofcontentsanddescription图例legend示意图diagram草图sketch荷载简图loaddiagram流程示意图flowdiagram标准图standarddrawing布置图layoutof.地形图topographicalmap土方工程图earth-workdrawing展开图developeddrawing模板图formworkdrawing配筋arrangementofreinforcement表格tables工程进度表workingschedule技术经济指标technicalandecono