初中英语语法系列(人教版)-过去完成时1教材

1、*中学中学*（Simple past tense 一般过去时）一般过去时）1. He has heard the song before.（Present perfect tense 现在完成时）现在完成时）3. He said he had heard the song two years before.（Past perfect tense 过去完成时）过去完成时）2. He heard it two years ago.Simple past tense一般过去时一般过去时表示在过去某个时候发生的动作或表示在过去某个时候发生的动作或存在的状态存在的状态.I went to school

2、by bike this morning.I was at school yesterday afternoon.一般过去时一般过去时结构结构:am, is, are - was, wereV-ed用法：用法：three days agoYesterdayLast a moment ago = just nowin the pastin 1997when +过去时句子过去时句子一般过去时一般过去时时间状语：时间状语：Lets do some exercises:Lets do some exercises:1. It is said that the old church _ (build)

3、from the year 1845 to 1848. (2005无锡无锡市中考）市中考）2. In China, the number of Internet users _ (be) 55 million in 2002. (2005无锡无锡市中考）市中考）3. In1946,UNICEF _ (set) up to help children whose lives were changed because of the Second World War. (2007无锡市无锡市中考）中考）was builtwaswas setPresent perfect tense 现在完成时现在完

4、成时现在完成时现在完成时结构结构： 助动词助动词have/has+have/has+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词用法用法1 1：1. I have already finished my homework.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果成的影响或结果NP PF3. He _ (lose) his key , and he cant get into his house now.has lost2. I have never seen him before.现在完成时现在完成时用法用法1 1：already, yet, just, ever, neve

5、r, before表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果成的影响或结果时间状语：时间状语：两两 “ “去去”Have/ has been (to) Have/ has gone (to) 去过某地去过某地去了某地去了某地两两 “ “去去”have/has been to have/has gone to 去过某地去过某地去了某地去了某地have/ has been in 来来/去去/到到/在某地在某地他来中国两年了他来中国两年了He has been in China for two years.have/ has been (to) have/ has b

6、een (to) 去过某地去过某地我以前从未去过那儿他们去过英国两次了你曾经去过美国吗？你去那里了？我去老师办公室了I have never been there before.I have been to England twice.Have you ever been to the USA?- Where have you been? - I have been to the teachers office.another placehave/ has gone to 去了某地去了某地 Tom isnt here. He _ Beijing.2. - Where is Mr. Li? -

7、He _ Beijing, and he will come back in two weeks.has gone tohas gone to another place现在完成时现在完成时用法用法2： 表示过去已经开始，并持续到现在（包表示过去已经开始，并持续到现在（包括现在在内）的动作或状态括现在在内）的动作或状态NP PF F时间状语：时间状语：1. for+一段时间一段时间2. since过去时间点过去时间点yesterdaylast three days ago1997this morningthensince过去时句子过去时句子3.how long3.how longsince I

8、 was bornWe have learned English for six years.He has worked in the factory since he left school.They have lived in Beijing since 1980.How long have you studied in this school?现在完成时现在完成时用法用法2：1.1.我们学英语六年了我们学英语六年了2.2.自自19801980年起他们就住在北京了年起他们就住在北京了3.3.自他毕业起他就在这个工厂工作了自他毕业起他就在这个工厂工作了4.4.你在这个学校学习多长时间了你在这

9、个学校学习多长时间了havekeepbe away (from)be in be onbe deadbe a member ofbe inbe in 遇到表示一段时间的时间状语遇到表示一段时间的时间状语,瞬间动词必须改瞬间动词必须改成延续性动词或短语。成延续性动词或短语。buy _ borrow _ begin _ leave _ die _ come/ go to _join _ arrive at/ reach/ get to _现在完成时现在完成时用法用法2：Please translate the sentences into English 李雷买这本字典李雷买这本字典3 3天了。天

10、了。 Lilei _ for three Lilei _ for three days.days. 2. 2. 他们搬到这儿他的爷爷就去世了他们搬到这儿他的爷爷就去世了 His grandfather _since His grandfather _since they moved here.they moved here. 3. 3. 他两年前就离开家乡了他两年前就离开家乡了 He _ since He _ since two years ago.two years ago.has had the dictionaryhas been deadhas been away from his h

11、ometown现在完成时现在完成时时间状语：时间状语：in the past / last few yearsrecentlyin recent years / months / daysby now / so far / up to now1. There _ (not be) much rain in my hometown since the beginning of this month. (2005无锡市中考）无锡市中考）2. It _ （snow) twice in his hometown since a week ago. (2006无锡市中考）无锡市中考）3. So far,

12、 China _ (develop) about 1,360 kinds of green food. (2007无锡市中考无锡市中考）4. Look, the small park here _ (turn) into a threater.Lets do some exercises:Lets do some exercises:hasnt beenhas snowedhas developedhas turned一般过去时与过去完成时一般过去时与过去完成时1. A: I _ (buy) a dictionary.B: When _ you _ (buy) it.A: Last night

13、.B: Where _ you _ (buy) it?A: In the new bookshop.did buydid buyhave bought2. My friend _ (buy) a car. He _ (buy) it two years ago.has boughtboughtpast perfect tense 过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时结构：结构： 助动词助动词had + 动词的过去分词动词的过去分词用法一：用法一： 动作在过去某一时间或动作之前已经动作在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成，动作发生的时间是发生或完成，动作发生的时间是“过过去的过去去的过去”

14、PNF时间状语：时间状语：by +by +过去时间过去时间 , by the time +, by the time +过去时的句子过去时的句子, ,when / before +when / before +过去时的句子过去时的句子过去完成时过去完成时用法一：用法一：4. By the end of last year, they had built more than ten bridges. 3. She had to go back to shool, because she has left her book there.2.The train had already left wh

15、en arrived at the station.1. She had been a model before she became a Hollywood superstar.动作在过去某一时间或动作之前已经动作在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成，动作发生的时间是发生或完成，动作发生的时间是“过过去的过去去的过去”用法二：用法二：过去完成时过去完成时表示从过去某一个时候开始持续到过表示从过去某一个时候开始持续到过去的另一时间动作或状态去的另一时间动作或状态1. The film had been on for ten minutes when we arrived at the cin

16、ema.2. She had worked in the factory by the end of last year.PNFLets do some practice:Lets do some practice:1. When his grandmother saw again, he _ (grow) up into a tall yound man. (2005无锡市中考）无锡市中考）2. Xiao Wang didnt want to tell me anything about what he _ just _ ( hear). (2006无锡市中考）无锡市中考）3. By the

17、 time she was fifteen, Kitty _ (teach) herself a foreign language. (2006无锡市无锡市中考）中考）had taughthad heardhad grownPresent perfect tense and past perfect tense He _ (see) the film twice, so he didnt go to the cinema with us. He _ (see) the film twice, so he knows it very well.had seenhas seen2. Its said that they _ (live) there together