新标准大学英语综合教程3课后答案

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上Unit 1 7 Translate the paragraphs into English.1 对于是否应该在大学期间详细规划自己的未来，学生们意见不一。有的人认为对未来应该有一个明确的目标和详细的计划，为日后可能遇到的挑战做好充分的准备；有的人则认为不用过多考虑未来，因为未来难以预料。(map out; brace oneself for; uncertainty)Students differ about whether they should have their future mapped out when they are still at univers

2、ity.Some think they should have a definite goal and detailed plan, so as to brace themselves for anychallenges, whereas some others think they dont have to think much about the future, because future isfull of uncertainties.2 经过仔细检查，这位科学家得知自己患了绝症。虽然知道自己将不久于人世，他并没有抱怨命运的不公，而是准备好好利用剩下的日子，争取加速推进由他和同事们共同

3、发起的那个研究项目，以提前结项。(tick away; make the best of; have a shot at)After a very careful check-up, the scientist was told he had got a fatal disease. Although he knew thathis life was ticking away, instead of complaining about the fate, the scientist decided to make the best ofthe remaining days, and speed

4、 up the research project he and his colleagues initiated, and have a shot atcompleting it ahead of schedule.Unit 2Reading and understanding3 Answer the questions.1 What were Sylvia Plaths most important memories?She remembered winning a prize, Paula Browns new suit and the view from her window.2 Whe

5、re did she live and what could she see from her bedroom window?She lived on the bay side of town, on Johnson Avenue, and she could see the lights of Boston and LoganAirport from her bedroom window.3 What did the view make her want to do?It made her want to fly in her dreams.4 Why did she have such v

6、ivid dreams?Because she was rarely tired when she went to bed.5 Who appeared in her dreams?Superman appeared and taught her to fly.6 Why did she enjoy the radio adventures of Superman?Because she loved the sheer poetry of flight.7 Where did her friend and she play Superman?At the dingy back entrance

7、 to the school, an alcove in a long passageway.Unit 2 Childhood memories468 Why do you think they chose Sheldon to be the villain?Because he was a mammas boy and was left out of the other boys games.9 How did she feel about her Uncle Frank?She admired him as she thought he bore an extraodinary resem

8、blance to Superman incognito.4 Choose the best summary of the passage.3 Sylvia Plath wrote about her real and imaginary life as a child.Dealing with unfamiliar words5 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 accurate and true (definite)2 continuing all the time (perpetual)3 to spin quickl

9、y in circles (whirl)4 to shine very brightly (blaze)5 to laugh in a nervous, excited or silly way that is difficult to control (giggle)6 to encourage someone to speak or continue speaking (prompt)7 to fall to the ground (tumble)6 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity

10、5.Plath never needed to be (1) prompted to talk about her childhood memories. They were very (2) definiteand still real to her as an adult. She imagined she could fly and (3) whirl through the air like Superman.Coming from the highways around Boston was the (4) perpetual sound of traffic. In the dis

11、tance a planewas taking off, its lights (5) blazing into the night sky. She remembered the sound of (6) giggling whichcame from the group of girls. Sadly in her later life it seemed as if Superman had (7) tumbled to earth.7 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box.1

12、 The lights at the airport went on and off all day and night. (blinked)2 The playground was like a desert. It was without any interesting or positive features and unfriendly.(barren)3 The boys were playing a childrens game in which the players chase and try to touch each other and thegirls were goss

13、iping and giggling. (tag)4 Pulling the legs off insects is a form of action causing extreme physical pain by someone as apunishment, and is extremely cruel. (torture)5 The similarity in appearance between the twins was striking. (resemblance)6 He would cover candy with a piece of cloth used for clea

14、ning lips and hands, and make it disappear.(napkin)8 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 If you look through a kaleidoscope, are you likely to see (a) changing coloured patterns, or (b) a singlecoloured pattern?2 If you flaunt something, do you (a) deliberately try to make people

15、notice, or (b) try to hide it?3 If you marvel at something, do you find it (a) boring, or (b) surprising and fascinating?Childhood memories Unit 2474 Are shooting stars likely to (a) move brightly through the night sky, or (b) stand still?5 Is the twilight likely to be (a) at the end of, or (b) in t

16、he middle of the day?6 If you drift off to sleep, are you likely to fall asleep (a) quickly, or (b) slowly?7 If someone is bookish, are they likely to be (a) more, or (b) less interested in reading books than doingother activities?8 If you make up something, do you (a) invent it, or (b) borrow it fr

17、om someone else?9 If you come into your own, are you likely to show (a) how effective and useful, or (b) ineffective anduseless you can be?10 Is a villain likely to be a (a) good, or (b) bad person?11 If you are left out of something, are you likely to be (a) included, or (b) excluded?Active reading

18、 (2)Language points1 These changing ideas about children have led many social scientists to claim that childhood is a“social construction”. (Para 4)A social construction refers to the process or result of creating an idea or system of behaviour in socialcontexts, ie it is created and developed betwe

19、en people and is not something natural or genetic.Childhood memories Unit 2532 Social anthropologists have shown this in their studies of peoples . (Para 5)Social anthropologists are scholars and researchers who study human societies, customs and beliefsfrom a social perspective, which may be distin

20、ct from the focus of physical anthropologists or linguisticanthropologists.3 Because they cant be reasoned with, and dont understand, parents treat them with a great deal oftolerance and leniency. (Para 5)Tolerance is the attitude of someone who is willing to accept other peoples beliefs or way of l

21、ife withoutcriticizing them even if they disagree with them. The word leniency means giving a punishment or actingin a way that is not as severe or harsh as it could be.4 They are seen as being closer to mad people than adults because they lack the highly prized qualityof social competence (Para 6)S

22、omething is prized if it is considered to be very important or valuable. The examples in the passageemphasize how different cultural communities may give importance to quite different qualities which theyexpect from children, so the children are brought up very differently.5 They are regularly told

23、off for being clumsy and a child who falls over may be laughed at, shoutedat, or beaten. (Para 6)To tell someone off means to criticize someone angrily for doing something wrong. If you are told off fordoing something in a serious or official way, you are reprimanded.6 Looking at it from a cross-cul

24、tural perspective shows the wide variety of childhoods that exist acrossthe world (Para 11)A cross-cultural perspective is a view which considers different cultures separately or independently andthen makes comparisons. An intercultural perspective would look at the relations and interactions betwee

25、ndifferent cultures or communities, taking inside views of each culture into account. A transculturalperspective would look at different cultures using knowledge, skills and insights which are thought toapply to a wide range of cultural contexts and which would help people in intercultural contexts.

26、Reading and understanding3 Read the passage again and complete the table.Teaching tips When Ss have completed the table on their own, divide the class into seven groups, each groupbeing responsible for one row in the table. They have to summarize the characteristics of childhoodof this ethnic group,

27、 and also include an example. Then they report to the class. Each group shouldalso add related information they learned from the passage, and the language and culture notes. Thepresentation of each group could be given from that exact roles of parents from that exact cultural orethnic group. If this

28、 is difficult, T may give each group a copy of the example below, and ask them topractise and present it to the class. As a way to follow this up, T can ask each group, one by one, to compare their result with that ofanother group, without looking at their books. An alternative follow-up is for the

29、T, together withone or two Ss, to take the roles of TV reporters who meet each group and ask them “on camera” tocompare themselves with another group, and talk about how they understand the other group from across-cultural perspective.Unit 2 Childhood memories544 Choose the best way to complete the

30、sentences.1 The characteristics of childhood a hundred years ago (d) .(a) would have interfered in their education(b) are similar to those of today(c) would be illegal today(d) meant that children were treated more like adults2 The idea that childhood is a social construction suggests that (a) .(a)

31、children experience childhood in different ways according to the society in which they live(b) enormous transformations have taken place within a relatively short time(c) children in the past worked harder(d) all children are different from adults3 Both Inuit and Tongan parents understand that (b) .

32、(a) their children need to be treated in a way which would be considered harsh by outsiders(b) their children dont yet possess certain prized qualities, such as reasoning and social competence(c) growing up is a process of acquiring thought, not social skills(d) bringing up their children requires t

33、olerance and discipline4 Parents of Beng children treat them with great care because they (d) .(a) think children know all human languages and understand all cultures(b) think life in the earthly world is unpleasant(c) believe the children still live in a spirit world(d) fear the children may choose

34、 to return to the spirit world where they lived before they were born5 Western childcare practices (c) .(a) include allowing eight-year-old girls to work and 12-year-old girls to marry(b) treat the child in a bizarre and possibly harmful way(c) see the child as being incompetent, dependent on the pa

35、rents, and incapable of looking after other children(d) are only similar to Yanamamö childcare practices in that girls help out at home, and boys are allowedto play well into their teens6 The main idea of the passage is that (c) .(a) history shows us how our perception of childhood has changed(

36、b) childhood is viewed in different ways according to the childs cultural and social upbringing(c) both history and society can affect our perception of childhood(d) Western notions of childhood are outdated and not informed(continued)Unit 2 Childhood memories56Dealing with unfamiliar words5 Read th

37、e passage again and find the words in the box. Choose the best definition in the context of thepassage.1 consumption(a) the process of buying or using goods(b) the process of eating, drinking, or smoking something2 colonial(a) relating to a system or period in which one country rules another(b) made

38、 in a style that was common in North America in the 18th century3 knit(a) to make something such as a piece of clothing using wool and sticks called knitting needles(b) to join together or work together as one group or unit4 harsh(a) unpleasant and difficult to live in(b) strict, unkind, and often u

39、nfair5 contact(a) communication between people, countries, or organizations either by talking or writing(b) a situation in which people or things touch each other6 impose(a) to force someone to have the same opinion, belief as you(b) to cause extra work for someone by asking them to do something tha

40、t may not be convenient for them7 perspective(a) a way of thinking about something(b) a sensible way of judging how good, bad, important etc something is in comparison with other things6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words and expressions in the box.Our (1) knowledge and

41、understanding of childhood is undergoing a process of (2) nonstop change. Inthe West we see children as being (3) in need of adult control. However, among other (4) socio-culturalgroups with similar traditions children are (5) mainly considered to be capable of assuming greaterresponsibilities. So t

42、here is a (6) strong desire for (7) someone who does not belong to this group tothink that such practices might be odd or even harmful. But while most ethnic groups may at first show(8) hesitation about integrating other traditions and customs with their own, (9) outside pressures usuallymake them c

43、hange their traditional view of childhood.Key: (1) notion (2) continual (3) dependent on (4) ethnic (5) largely(6) temptation (7) an outsider (8) reluctance (9) external7 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 Is prosecution likely to be (a) the act of accusing someone of a crime, or

44、 (b) the process of supervisionby the social services?Childhood memories Unit 2572 Is intricate likely to be (a) very basic, or (b) very detailed in design?3 Is leniency likely to involve (a) kindness and understanding, or (b) strict discipline?4 If someone tells you off, are they (a) criticizing, o

45、r (b) praising you?5 Is a mischievous child likely to (a) be well behaved, or (b) enjoy having fun by causing trouble?6 If a child is wilful, are they likely to cause damage or harm (a) deliberately, or (b) by mistake?7 When a child is unsupervised, are they likely to be (a) looked after by adults,

46、or (b) without an adultlooking after them?8 Is something bizarre likely to be (a) strange and difficult to explain, or (b) very usual?Language in useunpacking complex sentences1 Look at the sentences from the passage Superman and answer the questions.1 My flying dreams were believable as a landscape

47、 by Dali, so real that I would awake with a suddenshock, a breathless sense of having tumbled like Icarus from the sky and caught myself on the soft bedjust in time.(a) What were believable?Her dreams about flying were believable.(b) How real were they?They were very real.Unit 2 Childhood memories60

48、(c) Who had the sense of having tumbled like Icarus?The writer, Sylvia Plath.(d) Why would she wake up with a breathless sense?Because she felt she was really flying.(e) What did the breathless sense feel like?It felt like a sudden shock.(f) Why did she catch herself on the soft bed just in time?Bec

49、ause she felt she was falling.2 We even found a stand-in for a villain in Sheldon Fein, the sallow mammas boy on our block who wasleft out of the boys games because he cried whenever anybody tagged him and always managed to falldown and skin his fat knees.(a) What did we find?We found someone who co

50、uld be a villain.(b) Who was the stand-in for a villain?Sheldon Fein.(c) What was he like?He was sallow and a mammas boy.(d) Where did he come from?He came from their block.(e) Why was he left out of the boys games?Because he always cried and fell over.(f) What happened when he always managed to fal

51、l down?He skinned his knees.2 Rewrite the sentence from the passage Cultural childhoods in a diagram below.He has written how a Yanamamö girl is expected to help her mother from a young age and by the age often will be running a house.3 Complete the sentences with the correct form of suitable e

52、xpressions from the collocation box.Sometimes more than one collocation is possible.1 The Australian bush fires blazed for several days before they were brought under control.2 As a child Ruths long dark hair tumbled down her back.3 He comes from a very close-knit / tight-knit family with three brot

53、hers and two sisters.4 I remember my father used to knit his brows / eyebrows together when he was thinking hard aboutsomething.5 It was extremely hot and the sun was blazing.Hehaswrittenhow aYanomamö girlfrom a youngage andwill be runninga houseis expected to helpher motherby the age of tenChi

54、ldhood memories Unit 2616 Did you knit that jumper / hat yourself? Its really beautiful!7 Im watching the financial markets I think the prices of stocks will tumble quite soon.4 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.1 My flying dreams were believable as a landscape by Dali, so real that I would awak

55、e with a suddenshock, a breathless sense of having tumbled like Icarus from the sky and caught myself on the softbed just in time. These nightly adventures in space began when Superman started invading mydreams and teaching me how to fly. He used to come roaring by in his shining blue suit with his

56、capewhistling in the wind, looking remarkably like my Uncle Frank who was living with mother andme. In the magic whirling of his cape I could hear the wings of a hundred seagulls, the motors of athousand planes.我的飞行梦像达利的风景画那么真实可信，以致于自己常常会在一阵惊吓中醒来，好像伊卡罗斯那样从空中摔下来，虽然发现自己刚好掉到软软的床上，但也被吓得喘不过气来。当超人开始侵入我的梦乡

57、，并教给我飞行的技巧之后，我每夜的太空冒险便开始了。超人身着耀眼的蓝色衣服，肩披随风飕飕作响的斗篷，经常从我身边呼啸而过。他长得太像我的舅舅弗兰克了，舅舅那会儿正跟妈妈和我住在一起。当超人的斗篷神奇地旋转时，我好像能听见上百只海鸥的振翅声，上千架飞机的马达轰鸣声。2 In contrast, children on the Pacific island of Tonga, studied by Helen Morton, are regularly beaten bytheir parents and older siblings. They are seen as being closer to mad people than adults because theylack the highly prized quality of social competence (or poto as the Tongans call it). They are regularlytold off for being clumsy and a child who falls over may be laughed at, shouted at, or beaten.Children are thought of as mischievous; they cry or