中考英语动词搭配辨析(2)

1、中考英语动词搭配辨析中考英语近义动词(词组)辨析1.辨析 take; cost; spend; pay主语为人的有spend和pay;主语为物的有 cost;主语常为"it"的有take.(1) spend多用人作主语，后接金钱或时间。spendon sth / (in)doing sth ,例如：I spent 15 yuan on this new book.(2) take 常用于"It takes sb. some time to do sth"句型中，例如：It often takes me half an hour to go to scho

2、ol by bike every day.(3) pay常与for连用，表“付给款”。例如：I paid 15 Yuan for this new book.(4) cost常用物作主语，表“价值或花费多少钱”，例如：This new book cost me 15 Yuan.【例题】 How much money did you _ in fixing your watch?A. cost B. pay C. spend2.辨析 bring; take; get; carry(1) bring指将某物或某人从离说话人较远处“拿来”或“带来”，由远及近。例如：You' d better

3、 finish you homework today and bring it to school tomorrow.May I bring Tom along? Bring the book to me, please.(2) take指将某物或某人从离说话人较近处“带到”或“拿到”离说话人较远处，由近及远。例如：Could you take the book to the classroom? I am busy now.(3) get指从说话人所在位置到别处把某物拿来。例如：Will you get that book for me?(4) carry不强调动作来去的方向，只说明动作方式

4、，表示“背着、扛着、提着、载 着”等含义。例如The buses and taxis are carry people here and there.The box is so heavy that the little boy can' t carry it.【例题】I don't know where Wenchuan Country is.- Let me _ a map of China for you.A. take B. bring C. fetch D. carry3 .辨析 take part in ; jointake part in指“参加某活动、比赛”。j

5、oin指“加入某组织或人群【例题】 Many famous pop stars _ the charity show.A. join B. take part in C. took part in4 .辨析 put on ; wear; dress ; input on表 穿上”，强调穿衣的动作，后接衣服作宾语，代词放中间。Here is your coat. Put it on, Lucy.He put on his new pair of sunglasses and went out.wear表穿着”，强调穿的状态，后接衣服作宾语。-"What is she wearing?

6、"-"SheWearing a red hat and a blue jacket.”dress表 给穿衣服”，宾语为人。My mother is dressing herself.My little brother is too young. Mom dresses him every morning.in后多接衣服的颜色，表示“穿着颜色衣服的”。例如：The man in black is my father.Have you seen a boy in a red sweater?【例题】Can you your little brother? I ' m b

7、usy now.-OK. I ' ll do it right now.A. wear B. put on C. dress D. in5 .辨析 have been to ; have gone tohave been to表曾经去过某地"（已经回来了）。have gone to表 已经去了某地“（还没回）【例题】 Maria is wanted on the telephone. Where is she?She the library. You can find her there.A. has been to B. has gone to C. has left D.

8、 will leave6 .辨析 tell; talk; say; speaktell表“告诉，讲述”，多为及物动词，后面多接两个宾语。I will tell him the news as soon as he comes back tomorrow.Granny often tells me funny stories.The policeman told us not to play football in the street again.talk表"交谈、谈论"，talk多是不及物动词，常与 with/to/about搭配使用再接宾语。如：They are tal

9、king about their friends now.I will talk to your father about your health next time.Mr. Zhang is going to give us a talk at the meeting.say表“说”作及物动词，后接说话的内容做宾语。Did you say goodbye to your granny?speak表“讲”后接某种语言作宾语，打电话时常用它表示说话，也有“演讲”的意思， 不强调说话的内容。We can speak Chinese and English.May I speak to Henry?

10、He will speak at the meeting tonight.【例题】 Our English teacher often us stories in English.A. tells B. speaks C. talks7 .辨析 look up; look for; find ; find outlook up表“查找”后接“词典、书、电话簿”等。look for表“寻找”强调找的动作。find表“找到”强调结果。find out表“找出，发现，查明【例题】 What's the matter ?-1 am having trouble who has taken my

11、 book. （2008 山东青岛）A. finding B. looking for C. finding out D. looking up8 .辨析 reach; arrive; get这三个单词都可表“到达”，但只有reach是及物动词，后可直接接地名.We reached Shanghai at eight on Monday.arrive 须与 in/at 连用,arrive in+大地名, arrive at+/J、地名.We have already arrived in Shanghai.They arrived at school at 6:30 yesterday.get

12、须与to连用，即get to+地名。I got to the Capital Cinema at 9:00.注意：当表示到达here, there, home时，arrive或get后不要加介词。When did you get home? When will you arrive there?【例题】It's reported the Olympic flame for 2008 Beijing Games Beijing InternationalAirport on March 31,2008.A. reached to B. arrived at C. got at D. en

13、tered in9 .辨析 lend; borrow; keepborrow指其逻辑主语从别处或别人那里“借来”东西，常与介词 from连用。例如：May I borrow some money from you?You can borrow books from the library.lend指其逻辑主语将东西“借出、借给”别人，常与介词to连用，lend sth. to sb.把某物借给某人。例如：Could you lend me some money?The library lends books to the students.keep指“保存”，是延续性动词，与表示一段时间的时间

14、状语连用，而其它两个是非延续性动词。例如：How long may I keep the book? I have kept the book for 3 weeks.【例题】 You have my dictionary for two weeks.A. lent B. borrowed C. kept10 .辨析 forget; leaveforget表“遗忘某物"，后不接地点。leave表"把某物遗忘在某处”，后接地点。【例题】 This morning I went to school in such a hurry that I _my notebook at h

15、ome.A. left B. forgot C. lost11 .辨析 receive; acceptreceive的意思是“收到了”，只表示收到某物，并不表明同意或不同意接受的含义。例如：I received a gift from her, but I returned it back to her this morning.accept表示“接受”，"同意接纳”。如接受物体、邀请、批评等，反义词为refuse。He received an invitation from her and accepted it happily.【例题】I a strange gift yeste

16、rday, and I still don' t know who it was from.A. took B. accepted C. received D. brought12 .辨析 win; beatwin表“赢”，后面接的不是被打败的对手，而是比赛本身、游戏、战争、名次、奖品等。例如：Our football team won the football game by 3 to 1.beat表示“赢”或“打败”，后面要接被打败的对手。例如：Our football team beat theirs by 3 to 1.。【例题】Our team _ the match. We

17、 ve got the first place.A. hit B. beat C. won13 .辨析 be made of; be made from两者都指"由制成"，be made of看得出原料；be made from看不出原料【例题】 The desks are made wood.A. from B. of C. in D. by14 .辨析 hope ; wish它们都可表“希望”，它们后都可以接动词不定式和宾语从句。wish接的宾语从句常用过去时态表难以实现的愿望，wish可以接双宾语。hope接的宾语从句常用将来时态，一般表示能够实现的希望，hope不能

18、接双宾语。hope to do sth (V) hope sb to do sth (x ) wish sb to do sth (V)hope sb sth (x ) wish sb sth (V)【例题】 you good luck in the new year!The same to you.A. Hope B. Want C. Wish D. Like15 .辨析 sound; listen; hearsound表“听起来”是系动词，常接形容词作表语。listen表“听”是不及物动词，须与 to连用才能接宾语，表示听的动作。hear表“听见、听到"，强调听的结果【例题】 C

19、an you some animals?A. hear B. listen to C. look16 .辨析 look; see; watch； readlook看，表动作，须与 at连用才能接宾语，表“朝一看”，强调看的方向。see表“看到”，强调看的结果。watch表“观看”，尤其指看活动的画面，如电视，球赛等read 读书看报等文字材料。 例如： My father is reading newspaper now.【例题】I _ the blackboard carefully, and I my name on it.A. looked at; watched B. looked a

20、t; saw C. watched; saw17 .辨析 reply; answerreply表"回复、答复”，是不及物动词 ，常与to连用后才能接宾语。He didn ' t want to reply to my questions.answer表"回答、答复”，是及物动词，后面可直接接宾语。【例题】 You must me soon.A. answer to B. reply to C. write18 .辨析 lie; lay(1) lie有多个意思：表示“躺；展示；位于"时，其变化是：lay,lain, lying;表示“说谎"时，其变

21、化是：lied, lied, lyingI saw an old man lying on the street.Don' t believe him. He always lies.(2) lay的含意是“放置、产卵”等。其变化是：laid, laid, laying.I on' t find my book anywhere. I remember that I laid it on the desk last night.19 .辨析 join; join in;take part in都表示“参加”。Join指加入某组织并成为其中一员。When did your bro

22、ther join the army?和某人一道做某事，其结构为：join sb.in (doing) sth.,根据上下文，in (doing) sth.也可以省去.如：Will you join us in the discussion?你参加我们的讨论吗 ？He'll join us in singing the song.他将和我们一道唱歌 .join in多指参加小规模的活动如“球赛、游戏”等，常用于日常口语。如：Come along,and join in the ball game.take part in指参加会议或群众性活动等，着重说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中发

23、挥作用.如：Well take part in social practice during the summer vacation.20 .辨析 get;turn;become这三个词都可作系动词用，表示状态的变化，后跟表语，但三个词的用法稍有不同。get强调情感、气候和环境的变化；turn强调色彩的变化；而 become则强调职务、职称等的变化。如：The days are getting shorter and shorter in winter . 冬天的白天越来越短。She couldn't answer the question and her face turned re

24、d . 她回答不出问题，脸红了。When did you become a teacher? - Ten years ago.你什么时候当的老师？十年前。二、英语书面表达专项训练2 . 4月23日是 世界读书日”，你校英语俱乐部正在开展主题为多读书，读好书”的活动。假如你是李华，请你写一封倡议书，向全体同学发出号召。内容包括：应该读什么样的书，以及读书的意义。提示词语： story, novel, knowledge, improve, important提示问题： What kind of books should we read? Why do we read?Dear students,

25、 the World Reading Day is coming.So I m here again to call on all of us to read more books and read good books.Li Hua【答案】例文Dear students, the World Reading Day is coming. As a middle school student, everyone should read books. Firstly, reading increases our knowledge and we can learn the world affai

26、rs without going out. Secondly, reading is a good way to improve reading and writing skills. Finally, reading can broaden our knowledge and horizon, which is important to job hunting in the future.Therefore, start to reading, no matter how old you are and what you are doing.So I m here again to call

27、 on all of us to read more bokso and read good books.Li Hua【解析】【详解】 题干解读：该题目属于应用文写作，但写作时要按照应用文格式写，写作时承接短文开 头，写出对学生的倡议。 例文点评：例文采用的是一段式，写的是阅读的好处，时态采用的是一般现在时，描述倡 议时，描写细致，条理清晰。高分亮点： 短语： Firstly ； Secondly ； Finally ； a good way to do sth ； broaden our knowledge and horizon 。句型： reading is a good way to

28、improve reading and writing skills ； reading can broaden our knowledge and horizon, which is important to job hunting in the future 。3 书面表达86. 请你根据下面的提示和要求，写一篇展望2060 年的短文。某些人可能到月球上去度假：某些科学家可能在海底生活。每家都有可视电话(vidcophones )，孩子可在家通过电视和广播学习，接受教育，机器人为你做家务要求：短文必须包括所有提示内容，同学们可以展开想象，做适当发挥。词数： 90 调左右。(开头已给出，但不

29、计入总调数)。The life in2060Sometimes I dream about life in 2060. What willitKeys：【答案】 The life in 2060Sometimes I dream about life in 2060. What will it be like ？Perhaps some people will go to the moon for a holiday ， and some scientists will live under the sea. Maybe we'll have videophones in every

30、home. We can have a medical examination or do some shopping without leaving our homes. And I'm sure there'll be more educational programmers on the radio and TV ， so perhaps some children won't need to go to school every day. They'll study at home.Many people don't like doing hou

31、sework. Maybe in 2060 each family will have a robot to do shopping. housework ， and so on. I believe the dream will be realized.【解析】【分析】这是一篇材料作文【详解】根据题目要求，写一篇展望2060 年的短文，可知是一般将来时。人称用第一人称和第三人称。英语作文一般分为三个部分：第一部分：开篇点题展望2060 年的生活。第二部分：具体内容某些人可能到月球上去度假：某些科学家可能在海底生活。每家都有可视电话（ vidcophones ），孩子可在家通过电视和广播学习，

32、接受教育，机器人为你做家务第三部分：再次点题 我相信未来会更好4 书面表达根据要求完成短文写作，请将作文写在答题卡指定的位置上。每年春节，每个孩子都能收到来自长辈的压岁钱（ lucky money）。随着生活水平的提高， 大部分孩子得到越来越多的压岁钱，有些甚至通过微信 （WeChat）或支付宝（Alipay）收压岁 钱。同学们该如何管理自己的钱，让自己的钱用得更有意义？请结合自己的实际写一篇文章，词数 80 词以上，文中不能出现真实校名和人名。内容包括如下：1. 你的压岁钱的来源和用途；2. 对合理使用压岁钱的建议（至少3 点）；3. 呼吁大家节约用钱，把自己的压岁钱用在最需要、最有意义的地

33、方。【答案】 Every Spring Festival I receive a lot of lucky money from my parents and relatives. Now I even get it through WeChat or Alipay. I usually buy some of my favorite books, school things and some fancy clothes. Sometimes I also buy some gifts for my parents.In order to make good use of the lucky

34、money, I think we can do the following things. First, we should save part of the money for our study instead of wasting it on video games. Second, it is a good idea to buy something useful for our parents or teachers so that we can show our love to them. What is more, why not donate our lucky money

35、to the poor kids in need? Helping others makes us happy.All in all, let us manage our lucky money properly. We should use our money in a meaningful way.【解析】【详解】每年春节，每个孩子都能收到来自长辈的压岁钱( luckymoney)。随着生活水平的提高， 大部分孩子得到越来越多的压岁钱，有些甚至通过微信(WeChat)或支付宝(Alipay)收压岁钱。同学们该如何管理自己的钱，让自己的钱用得更有意义？这是一篇给材料作文，本题 所给材料比较详

36、细，写作中注意将所给内容表达出来，不能逐字翻译。通过阅读材料可知 这篇短文主要使用的人称就是第一人称，时态为一般现在时态，注意谓语动词的变化。动 笔前可以按照材料内容列出简单提纲，写作中注意语义通顺，符合逻辑关系。上下文之间 可以适当使用连接词。【点睛】文章使用了很好的短语和句子：In order to make good use of the lucky money, I think we cando the following things. First, we should save part of the money for our study instead of wasting i

37、t on video games.这些给文章增色不少。5 .假如你是李明，将参加今年暑期的澳大利亚悉尼新南威尔士语言学校的游学活动 (study tour),该项目的负责人 Mike给你发来了封电子邮件征询你对此次游学活动的想法和建议。请阅读以下信息，并回复一封电子邮件。Dear Li Ming,XVu're glad to know ycwf re coming To our school for your study tour this summer holiday. Here are two host families for you to choose to live in:T

38、he (ireen familyold couple, no children, two dogsa flat. in the centre of Sydney Wi-fi -350 poundsThe fS旭“middle-ageil couple, a junior school boy, a primary school girla house,a link far Irom Sydney a garden 230 poundsL Which hosl fumily would you like Io choose? Why? (2-3 points)2. We can oflcr yo

39、u a buddy during your siay al our 就hooL Whal da you expect him4icr In do lo help you? (1-2 points)3. What would you like to do al weekends? Why? (I -2 points)注意事项：1 .文章所写内容必须包括邮件中的问题所涉及的所有信息。2 .文章要求语意通顺，条理清楚，书写规范，不能出现真实的姓名、校名等信息。3 .文章词数在100词左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Sir/Madam,I ' m glad to receiv

40、e your email and I have read it carefily. I have decided to live inI m really looking forward to this studytour!Many thanks,Li Ming【答案】例文： Dear Sir/Madam,I m glad to receive your email and I have read it carefully. I have decided to live in the Greenfamily. The old couple have no children but two do

41、gs, so they will have more time tocommunicate with me in English and I can play with their pets as well. Their flat is in the centre ofSydney, so it s easy for me to go around. I can also use t-hfietoWkieep in touch with my parents.My family can afford the cost of 350 pounds.I m lucky to have a budd

42、y durinmg y stay at your school. I expect him/her to help me with my problems in my study. I can chat with him/her in English to improve my speaking skills.I love history so I want to visit some places of interest at the weekend. I m also curious alocal food and I want to have a taste.I m really loo

43、king forward to this study tour!Many thanks,Li Ming【解析】【详解】这是一篇应用作文，邮件内容要回答邮件中的三个问题，可分为三个段落进行回答。好单词：afford 负担得起好短语：communicate with 和交流as well 也keep in touch with 与保持联系expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人chat with和聊天place of interest 名胜古迹be curious about 对感至U好奇have a taste 尝一尝好句式

44、：Their flat is in the centre of Sydney, so it's easy for me to go around. 他们的公寓在悉尼市中心，所以对我来说，到处走走很容易。（ It is adj. for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是；it是形式主语，不定式短语是真正的主语)6 A good book is important to me要求： 1. 紧扣主题，意思连贯，语言通顺，书写规范。 2. 不得使用真实姓名和校名，如需使用名字，请用 Mike, Gina 等英文名字; 校名统一使用 Guangming Middle School

45、 。 3. 词数不少于 60。【答案】 A good book is important for me. It can not only help broaden my horizons, but also give me inspiration. From the good book, I can learn what others think, and their views about the world. What s more, I can even live their lives, which are totally different from mine. For me, a

46、good book is really like a good friend, who can teach me how to solve the problems when I am in trouble. A good book helps me a lot, and it is quite important for me in my life.【解析】【分析】本题是命题作文，根据题目一本好书对我是重要的，自己写相关内容，可以是你读了什么书，该书对你产生了什么影响。也可以是一本好书为什么对你来说是重要的。【详解】本篇文章主要从为什么对我重要这个角度来写。文章时态主要用一般现在时，人称为第

47、一人称。题目并没有给过多的提示信息，所以需要学生自己思索行文内容。在写作时，注意紧扣主题，连句成篇，要层次清楚，要点分明，中心突出。同时要注意语言的表述应该符合语法的结构，造句应该符合英语的表达习惯；尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，最好不要写太长的复合句；尽量选取简单的易拼写的单词，确保正确率；词汇、句式要丰富多样，可以为文章增色添彩。最后要细心复核检查，确保正确无误。【点睛】首先认真审题，看清题目中的要求和要点；然后根据提示内容，列出写作要点及每个要点中可能要用到的表达；然后紧扣要点，动笔写作，在写作过程中，要注意句与句、段与段之间的过渡，必要时可适当运用表示转折、因果、并列、比较等关系的连词，

48、使文章过渡平稳，自然流畅；最后，要仔细检查有无单词拼写错误、标点符号误用等，还要检查语法结构是否合理，有无重复、啰嗦的语言，大小写是否正确，词数是否符合要求等。7 书面表达某英文报社组织了题为 “我喜欢的英语谚语”征文活动，你有意参加。请从下面两句谚语中任选一句作为标题写一篇英语作文，内容须包括：1 .该谚语的含义；2 . 体现该谚语含义的个人经历。a) A friend in need is a friend indeed.b) Where there s a will, there s a way.参考词汇：谚语proverb【答案】 A Friend in Need is a Frien

49、d IndeedA life without friends is a life without sunshine! Friends try their best to help you without thinking of what they can get from it.Once I doubted the usefulness of study, losing my interests and direction, even confidence. Finally, I decided to stop studying. After knowing the news, my frie

50、nd encouraged me patiently. She insisted on persuading me until I promised to give up this thought.Later, I made up my mind to study hard so as to enter my dream university.Many people will be in and out of your life, but only true friends will leave footprints in your hear. True friends always come

51、 to you when you need help.【解析】【分析】这是命题作文。二选一，第一个是 “患难见真情” ，第二个是 “有志者事竞成” 。【详解】标题都是以谚语的形式出现，所以考生第一步做的是理解这两个言语的意思，选择自己较有把握的。在选择标题之后，根据所给内容提示，进行写作。写作时，先要选择自己熟悉的短语或者句型，在能力范围之内，选择句式时要赋予变化，这样才可以更好的驾驭。同 时也要选择合适的连接词，把各个要点组织成一个完整的整体8 书面表达。29. 假如你是李华，你最近认识的美国笔友David 给你发了一封电子邮件，向了解你进初三以来在学习和生活方面的一些变化、收获和感受。请根

52、据下面的提示及你的实际写封回信。提示： less free time ， much homework ， more pressure ， get into a good high school more exercise ， lose weight join the English Comer ， improve English a lot colorful and meaningful ， learn more knowledge 注意：1）词数80 左右，开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数；2）回复须包括所有药店，可适当发挥，使全文连贯、通顺；3）文中不得提及真实的人名、校名等相关信息。De

53、ar David，Thank you so much for your mail. I'm happy to tell you about how my life has changed recently.【答案】 Dear David，Thank you so much for your mail. I'm happy to tell you about how my life has changed recently. In the past , I had a lot of free time. In my free time , I used to take more exercise to lose weight. My life has changed a lot since I got into a good high school. I have more pressure . I have much homework to do every day . I have less free ti