2018-2019学年人教新课标高二英语必修五Unit3Lifeinthefuture词

1、2018-2019 学年人教新课标高二英语必修五Un it 3 Life in the future 词汇精讲精练1 / 9Unit 3 Life in the future学习目标重点词汇aspect, impression, remind, constantly， previous, uncertain, guide, surroundings, lack, optimistic,settlement,小词简析重点短语take up, be back on one s feet, lose sight of, sweep up, slide in to, speed up重点句型1. as

2、 though/ as 从句2. 疑问词+do you think +其余部分？3. Is it likely/ unlikely that.?4. Suppose that.知识讲解重点词汇aspect【原句回放】Below are some of the main aspects of life today.以下是现代生活的几个主要方面。【点拨】aspect n.方面；方位，朝向；样子，外观I feel we should look at the problem from every aspect.我感觉我们应该从各方面来考虑这个问题。Would you give some advice

3、to us on the health and safety aspects of our products? 你能就我们的产品的健康和安全方面给我一些建议吗？Our room has a wester n aspect.我们的房间朝西。Her face wore an angry aspect. 她面带怒容。impression【原句回放】First Impressions 第一印象【点拨】impression n.印象，印痕常用搭配：create/ give/ make a . impression (on sb.) (给某人)留下 .的印象have/ get the impression

4、 that. 有.的印象be under the impression that 原以为The dirty and seedy aspect of the bar created a bad impressi on on us.酒吧肮脏、破旧的外观留给我们很坏的印象。His trip to India made a strong impression on him.他去印度的旅行给他留下很深刻的印象。She gives us the impression of being very busy. 她给我们很忙的印象。I was un der the impressi on that the wo

5、rk had already bee n completed.2018-2019 学年人教新课标高二英语必修五Un it 3 Life in the future 词汇精讲精练2 / 9我印象中/原以为那项工作已经做完了。【拓展】impress v.使留下印象，使铭记impressive adj.给人印象深刻的常用搭配： impress sth. on/ upon sb./ one s mind =impress sb. with sth.给某人留下.印象He impressed on us the need for immediate action. 他让我们认识到需要立刻采取行动。We a

6、re deeply impressed with the standard of the children主语是人)s works.(=The standard of the children s works is deeply impressed 主语是物)这些孩子的作品的水准给我们留下了深刻的印象。remind【原句回放】I have to remi nd myself con sta ntly that I am really in AD3008. 我不得不反复提醒自己我在公元 3008 年。【点拨】remi nd v.提醒；使想起常用搭配：remi nd sb. of sth.提醒某人

7、某事，使某人想起某事remi nd sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事remi nd sb. that .提醒某人某事That song always reminds me of our holiday in Mexico.那首歌总让我想起我们在墨西哥的假期。The Iandscape reminded me of home.这样的风景使我想起了我的家乡。（此句中 home 前不能有冠词，home 含有感情色彩，不像 house 一样指具体的 家 或家人”）Remi nd me to take my umbrella with me. 提醒我带伞。The teacher remin d

8、ed us con sta ntly homework should be han ded in before next Friday. 老师不断地提醒我们下周五前要交作业。constantly【原句回放】I have to remi nd myself con sta ntly that I am really in AD3008. 我不得不反复提醒自己我在公元 3008 年。【点拨】con sta ntly adv.不断地，反复地，经常地He is con sta ntly leavi ng his thi ngs beh ind. 他总是落下东西。His report was con s

9、ta ntly in terrupted by applause. 他的报告不断被掌声打断。【拓展】constant adj.固定的，不变的，不停的，持续不断的There is a con sta nt flow of traffic on the highway every day.每天公路上都车水马龙的(车流不断)。Babies need constant attention.婴儿需要不断关注。previous【原句回放】 This is similar to the“jet lag ” you get from flying, but it seems you keep gettingf

10、lashbacks from your previous time period.这就与你乘坐飞机会产生时差反应相似，只是在你脑子里似乎会不断地闪现以前的时光。2018-2019 学年人教新课标高二英语必修五Un it 3 Life in the future 词汇精讲精练3 / 9【点拨】previous adj.在前的，早先的常用短语： previous to (=before) 在.之前He can t go because he has a previous engageme 他不能去，因为事先有约了。No previous experienee is necessary for th

11、is job. 这个职位不需以前有经验。I couldn t believe it when I heard the news. I d only seen him the previous day.听到这个消息我无法相信。我前一天还见到他了。Let s meort some day previous to Christmas. 我们圣诞节前某一天见面吧。【拓展】previously adv.以前，先前The book contains a nu mber of photographs not previously published. 这本书有若干以前没有出版过的照片。uncertain【原

12、句回放】So I was very nervous and un certain at first. 因此，我一开始就感到神经过敏和 心神不定。【点拨】uncertain adj.不（确）定的；变化无常的；不可靠的be uncertain about/ of 对.不确定They re both uncertain about what to do.他们都不确定该做什么。It is un certa in what his role in the compa ny will be.他在公司的职责是什么还不确定。guide【原句回放】 However, my friend and guide, W

13、ang Ping, was very un dersta nding and gave me some greentablets which helped a lot.但我的朋友兼导游王平很细心体贴，给了我几粒绿色药片，倒是挺起作用的。【点拨】guide n.指导，向导，导游vt.指引，指导注意：guide 常与介词 to 连用，后接地点。a Guide to English Grammar 英语语法指南He guided us through the narrow streets to the cen tral hospital.他引导我们通过狭窄的街道到了中心医院。surroundings

14、【原句回放】 At first my new surro un di ngs were difficult to tolerate. 开始时，新环境让人难以忍受。【点拨】surro un di ngs n.（复数）周围的事物；环境She grew up in comfortable surroundin gs. 她在舒适的环境里长大。The surroundings we work in are pleasant. 我们工作的环境很优美。对比：surroundings 与 environment1）surroundings 指某人或物周围的客观事物；2）environment 指周围会影响人或

15、事物行为与发展的整体状况，如对人的成长、情 感、观念等产生影响的环境或影响生物的生长、发展和生存的外界物质条件的 环境。3） surroundings 通常用复数形式，environment 通常为不可数名词。2018-2019 学年人教新课标高二英语必修五Un it 3 Life in the future 词汇精讲精练4 / 9beautiful surroundings 优美的周边环境happy home environment 幸福的家庭环境global/natural/ econom ic/cultural /social environment全球/自然/经济/文化/社会环境【拓展

16、】surrounding adj.周围的，附近的。（常放在名词前）the surrounding countryside 周边的乡村the surrounding scenery 四周的风景lack【原句回放】Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached.由于缺乏新鲜空气，我感到头痛。【点拨】lack n.缺乏，短缺，不足；v.缺乏，没有1）lack 作名词时，可用于 a lack of，如果在介词 due to， for， from， through 等后 构成 因为的短缺”时，省略冠词 a。另外 lack 也用于不可数名词。The match was

17、can celled due to lack of support.因为缺少赞助，比赛被取消了。Most of his problems stem from lack of con fide nee.他的问题多数来源于信心的缺乏。（stem from 来源于，固定短语）The court case was dismissed for lack of evide nee.这个法庭案件因为证据缺乏被驳回了。2） lack 作动词时一般是及物动词，不及物的用法有be lacking in，多用进行时，可 以作为固定短语记住。He lacked the skills for the job. 他缺少工

18、作经验。You will not be lack ing in support from me.你不会缺少我的支持。【拓展】lack for.缺之，缺少. ，此短语不用于进行时，多用于否定句中，是正式用语。She does not lack for friends.她不缺朋友。optimistic【原句回放】 Have a class discussion and decide whether you think the writer has an optimistic or a pessimisticview of the future.全班讨论，判断作者对未来持乐观的还是悲观的态度。【点拨

19、】optimistic adj.乐观的，乐观主义的常用搭配：be optimistic about 对.持乐观态度The stockholders are optimistic about the company s future.股东对公司的前景很乐观。The preside nt says she is optimistic that an agreeme nt can be worked out soon. 总统说，她对很快能达成协议持乐观态度。【拓展】optimism 乐观（主义）optimist 乐观（主义）者pessimism 悲观（主义）pessimist 悲观（主义）者pess

20、imistic 悲观（主义）的注意：optimistic 和 pessimistic 在拼写中有相同的后缀：-imistic，二词的其他形式也有相同部分，记单词时可参考。2018-2019 学年人教新课标高二英语必修五Un it 3 Life in the future 词汇精讲精练5 / 9settlement【原句回放】However, the compa nies have to train their represe ntatives to live and work in space settleme nts.然而，公司得培训他们的代表并使他们在太空中生活、工作。【点拨】settle

21、ment n.定居（点），解决Hopes of a peaceful settlement are now fading.禾口平解决的希望正在消失。The In dia ns ofte n attacked the settleme nts of the coloni st.印地安人经常袭击殖民者的定居点。【拓展 1】settle v.安家，（使）定居，停留，解决，决定We are going to settle our differences.我们打算解决我们的分歧。It was settled that they would leave before dark. 已经决定他们天黑前动身。H

22、er relatives had come to America and settled in Bost on.她的亲戚已经来了美国，在波士顿定居了。Her eyes settled on the man in the corner.她的眼睛停留在角落里的那个人。【拓展 2】unsettled adj.未处理的，未决定的；未定居的，无居民的；不稳定的小词简析1. switch n.& vt.开关；转换switch on 打开（机器、电器等）switch off 关上（机器、电器等）She worked as a libraria n before switchi ng to journ

23、alism. 转行到新闻业前她是图书管理员。Can you switch the television off/ on? 你能关掉 /打开电视吗？2. press vi. & vt.按；压；逼迫n.按，压；印刷；新闻界Just press this butt on, and you ll start the engine.只要按一下这个按钮便可启动这台发动机了。He pressed his way through the crowd. 他挤过人群。The power of the press is very great. 新闻界的力量非常大。3. tolerate vt.忍受I can

24、 t tolerate your bad manners any longe 我再也不能容忍你无礼的行为。4. flash vt. & vi.（使）闪光；（使）闪现A driver is not supposed to flash his lights at the coming vehicles.司机不该朝着迎面开来的车辆闪灯。The idea flashed into his mi nd.这念头突然闪过他的脑海。5. greedy adj.贪吃的，贪婪的The compa ny had become too greedy for profit. 这个公司变得过于贪利。重点短语tak

25、e up【原句回放】 I still cannot believe that I am taking up the prize that I won last year. 我还是无法 相信我是在接受去年获得的这个奖励。【点拨】take up 拿起；接受；开始；占用（时间、空间等）；继续2018-2019 学年人教新课标高二英语必修五Un it 3 Life in the future 词汇精讲精练6 / 9One of our excelle nt athletes has take n up a new challe nge.我们的优秀运动员之一接受了一个新的挑战。【高清课堂：Unit3 词

26、汇精讲 take upI took up smok ing whe n I was at school. 我在学校时就开始抽烟了。These files take up a lot of disk space.这些文件占据了大量的磁盘空间。I ll try not to take up too much of your time.我会尽量不占有你太多时间。She fell sile nt, and her brother took up the story.她突然不说话了，她哥哥继续讲这个故事。be back on one s feet【原句回放 Soon I was back on my f

27、eet again and following him to collect a hovering carriage driven bycomputer.很快我完全恢复并跟着他去接由电脑控制的气垫车。【点拨】be back on one s feet 困境后）恢复，完全复原The compa ny now is back on its feet. 现在公司恢复了元气。Larry, are you feeling better now? I really hope you II get back on your feet soon.拉里，你感觉好点了吗？我真的希望你会很快恢复健康。【拓展】on

28、one s fe 站立着，恢复健康stand on one s feiet 立自主，自立off one s fee 下，坐着rise/spring to one 站 f 起来lose sight of【原句回放】 However, I lost sight of Wang Pi ng whe n we reached what looked like a large market because oftoo many carriages flying by in all direct ions.然而，当我们至 U 达一个看上去像个大市场的地方时，由于太多的气垫车朝四面八方飞奔，我看不见王平了。

29、【点拨】lose sight of 看不见，忽视，忘记He watched the pla ne go higher and higher un til he lost sight of it.他看着飞机越飞越高，一会儿看不见了。We must not lose sight of this fact.我们一定不要忽视这个事实。【拓展】与 sight 有关的短语：catch sight of 突然看见at first sight 乍看，第一眼in/within sight 看得见的out of sight 看不见的Mary caught sight of her own face in one

30、of the shop win dows. 玛丽在商店的橱窗里一下子看到了自己的脸。The results of the tests were surpris ing at first sight. 乍一看，考试成绩令人吃惊。The mother waved un til the car was out of sight. 妈妈一直挥着手直到看不见汽车了。sweep up【原句回放】 He was swept up into the centre of them.他被卷入这群车队中去了。【点拨】sweep up 打扫，横扫，抱起（一般动作很快地）The students in my class

31、 are sweeping up the fallen leaves. 我班里的学生在扫落叶。2018-2019 学年人教新课标高二英语必修五Un it 3 Life in the future 词汇精讲精练7 / 9He was just sweeping up as I left the house.我离开那所房子时，他恰好正在打扫。She swept the child up in her arms and stormed out.她一下子抱起孩子，气冲冲地出去了。注意：sweep 的过去式和过去分词是swept。【拓展】sweep 有关的短语：sweep aside 放在一边，不予理会

32、sweep away 扫清，迅速消灭，冲走sweep off 拂去，扫去sweep across/through.（迅猛地）扫过，掠过（某地）slide into【原句回放】Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast sleep.由于太疲倦了，我溜进床里，很快进入了梦乡。【点拨】slide into（快捷而悄声地）移动，溜进She is able to slide into a room without anyone noticing.她有本事悄悄溜进房间而不被人发现。The thief slid into his house and stole his

33、computer. 小偷溜进了他的家，偷走了他的计算机。【拓展】slide v.滑动，移动，降低n.滑行，下滑She fell over and slid across the shi ny floor.她跌倒了，滑过了发亮的地板。The car went into a slide on the ice.汽车在冰上打滑。注意：slide 的过去式、过去分词是 slid。speed up【原句回放】 When we wan ted the hoveri ng carriage to speed up, we pressed dow n hard on the driv ing pedaland

34、bent over in the direct ion we wan ted to go. 当我们想让气垫车加速时，我们用力踩踏板，并向我们前进的方向倾斜身体。【点拨】speed up 加速We d better speed up if we want to get there on time.如果我们想按时到达那里，我们最好加快速度。They have sped up production of the new car.他们已经加快了这种新车的生产。注意：speed 的过去式和过去分词可以是sped，也可以是 speeded【拓展】有 speed 的短语：at a/the speed of

35、以.的速度at full speed 全速at a high/low speed 以高速 /低速at （the） top speed 以最高速度with speed 快速地pick up speed 加快速度重点句型as though/ as if 从句【原句回放】 The air seemed thi n as though its comb in ati on of gases had little oxyge n left. 空气 似乎很稀薄，仿佛在混合气体中剩下的氧气很少。2018-2019 学年人教新课标高二英语必修五Un it 3 Life in the future 词汇精讲精练

36、8 / 9【点拨】as though / as if 好像1.可引导表语从句和方式状语从句She looks as if she were ten years youn ger.她看起来好像年轻了十岁。It seems as if our team is going to win. 看来我们队要胜了。She loves the boy as if she were his mother.她爱这男孩，好像她是他的母亲一样。2. as though/if 从句的语气及时态1）用陈述语气说明所说的是真实或极有可能发生或存在的事实：Look at the dark clouds! It looks a

37、s if it is raining.2）用虚拟语气表示说话者认为是不真实的或极少可能发生，注意下面句子的斜体 词：He talks as if he knew where she was.（主从句谓语动作同时发生）他说话的样子，好像他知道她在哪里似的。He talks about Rome as if he had been there before.他说起罗马来好像他以前去过罗马似的。（从句谓语动作先于主句谓语动作）He opened his mouth as if he would saysomething.他张开嘴好像要说什么。（从句谓语动作在主句谓语动作后）疑问词+do you th

38、ink +其余部分？【原句回放】 Which problems do you think people will have overcome in one thousand years? 你 认为一千年后的人们将克服什么问题？【点拨】如果需要把 do you think 插入疑问句中，疑问词一般放在句首。注意此句型中 其余部分”要用陈述句语序。除think 夕卜，能用于此句型的动词还有：believe, suppose,imagi ne, suggest, expect 等。What do you think we can do n ext to keep the childre n out of the garde n?你认为我们下面怎么做能让孩子们不进入花园呢？Where do you think our En glish teacher comes from?你认为我们英语老师是哪里人呀？Is it likely/ unlikely that.?【原句回放】Is it likely/ unlikely that.?【点拨】