英语阅读表达之填词、翻译

1、word2012届兖州市高三英语一轮复习教学研讨会公开课教案英语阅读表达之:填词+翻译 兖州一中 陈岩 一、教学内容分析：阅读表达试题特点阅读表达是2007年的高考新题型，是阅读理解题和书面表达题的结合，属任务型阅读。其长度与传统的阅读短文没有太大区别或是略短，同阅读理解是“异曲同工. 文章层次性更强，给了学生一个发挥的空间。阅读表达重在表达-表达的可能是完整的句子，也可能是简洁的短语，但有字数要求。这既考查学生的语言输入，也考查语言的输出即对书面信息进行分析、概括、整理、理解并根据需要进行运用的能力；从考查语法、语义逐步转向考查语用。阅读表达以科普和实际生活有关的内容为主。故我们在英语教学中

2、要重视英语知识的运用，侧重能力的培养，以阅读为主线，以阅读贯彻始终。阅读表达试题命题特征具有主观性;运用性; 信息性和 科学性。二、教学目标：根据 普通高中英语课程标准实验稿 提倡的原那么以及“第二语言习得论和“整体语言教学理论知识目标(Knowledge aims)：学会做阅读表达题的根本方法，掌握答题技巧，提高得分率。能力目标(Ability aims)：掌握提取信息，分析信息解决问题的能力。归纳概括以及翻译的能力等。三、教学重难点：教学重点：根据学生实际情况，重在点拨做题技巧，归纳系统的做题方法。教学难点：1、如何做补全句子题2、如何做英译汉题四、学情分析：学生此前已做了大量阅读表达的训

3、练，有了一定的感性积累，所以通过这次做题旨在使做题套路细化，提高应试能力。通过课前做题和批改，学生暴露出来的问题：1、运用语篇知识和语篇分析方法在整体层面上领悟“残缺句子的能力缺乏。2、英译汉技能差。3、语言根本功不扎实，有语法错误和答题欠标准。五、教法(Teaching theories, methods and aids) 语言情景创设法： 依据现代英语教学强调在“用中学，因此创设语言环境对语言学习起着重要的作用。 翻译法：抽出文中难以理解的长难句，划分句子结构，把复合句变为简单句，降低理解难度。 概括归纳法：注重篇章结构，归纳段落大意，分析文章结构。 知识迁移法：培养学生善于运用所学知识

4、来分析和解决问题的能力。 教学手段：多媒体六、学法(Learning methods)大量练习是根底，做题方法是关键。目标明确，整体把握，防止失误，力得高分。自主探究法：新课标强调以学生为主体，培养学生自主探求问题的能力主要通过课前自主学习学案，让学生自主探究根底知识及做题方法培养其做题能力和自我评价的能力。演绎归纳法：讲事实摆道理，让学生自主归纳阅读表达题的方法特点。七、教学过程：阅读表达之完成句子一做题情况总体分析：2022年77题完成句子略好于从前。针对这种情况，讲解时就要做到有的放矢，详略得当。l 2022高考英语试题及答案山东卷1 Do you spend over an hour

5、each day texting messages to your friends Do you frequently ignore work, study, and other activities to check your phone for messages Are you anxious and restless if you are separated from your mobile phone Do you hardly ever use your phone to talk any more, and do you thumbs hurt from texting too m

6、uch2 If _, then it is very possible that you are a textaholic. A textaholic can be defined as someone who is addicted to sending and receiving messages. The main symptoms are a strong desire to text messages, which takes precedence(优先) over everything else, and bad moods, low spirits and a lack of s

7、elf-confidence if messages fail to come in. The root of the problem, as with many addictions, is the desire to escape from emotional difficulties such as stress, anxiety and relationship problems. Experts warn that text addiction is likely to become the most common form of addiction in the future, e

8、specially among the young.77. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words. (no more than 8 words) _参考答案3分：you answer “yes to any/all of the questionsmost of the answers are yesyou do some of these thingsthat is the case2分：you have this problem/those case(s)you have all above behaviouryou say

9、“Yes, I do. 1分：you say that “Yes, I do. you answer/say “OK those things happen with you2009年高考英语山东卷l 4 Its a form of universal health insurance. Its impossible to say hello without smiling l 5 So maybe we can make the world a better place by _. After a month of doing it, I feel lighter and more conn

10、ected and I have a better sense of well-being.参考答案 saying hello to each other / greeting each other 除参考答案外，可参考如下句子酌情给分。3分：saying hello/saying hello with smiling / smile2分：say hello / say hello with smiling1分：more to say hello / say hello without smiling0分：smiles / smile 王岩的话: 阅读表达：文字表述一定要精确一给分标准 3分

11、- 答出全部内容，语言通顺、连贯。 语法或单词拼写 含大小写准确无误 ； 2分 - 答出局部内容，语言正确； 1分 - 答出局部内容，用词不准确，表达不清；0分 - 没有答对问题。 二扣分标准 1. 出现两次以上拼写错误，扣1分。标点符号和大小写错误忽略不计 2. 涉及无关内容者扣1分；内容互相矛盾的皆不得分； 3. 整句原封不动照搬，扣1分； 4. 考生所给答案超过限定词数扣1分。 5. 如答案涵盖两个方面，考生只答对其中一方面时，答错的一方面那么在扣除1分后不再以多余信息另外扣分，但其中如有语言错误那么再扣1分。 二阅读表达完成句子之技巧做补全空缺内容题时一定要“从大处着眼，小处着 手。要

12、结合上下文，充分根据上下文的逻辑关系和意义关系，正确把握文章线索和情节进展，对作者的写作意图进行正确推断。答复该类问题关键是语境和上下文之间的逻辑关系。 解决这类问题的着眼点是语句间的逻辑性 ，要找出语句间的一些递进、并列、比照、转折、因果等的关系，在理解全文的根底上把握上下文之间的逻辑关系，要充分考虑整句话的语言环境。 特别注意上下，前后句子的弦外之意，不要只分析填空处，确定需要填写的是短语还是完整句子，并注意不要出现语法错误或拼写错误。上下文之间的关系通常有以下几种，这些关系通常通过一些连词表示出来：A并列关系: and, also, too, eitheror, neithernor,

13、not onlybut also, B递进关系: then; in addition; what is more; moreover, C转折关系: but, however, nevertheless, on the contrary D因果关系: because, since, as, for; now that, as a resultE让步关系: though; even though; despite; in spite of; F时间关系: when, while, as, after, before, as soon asG条件关系: if, supposethat, unles

14、s, in case, H表示目的: in order to, so as to, so that, in order thatI解释与被解释关系: that is, that is to say, means, the meaning is that三练练吧 1. 明确空缺处与上下句之间的关系 例如(2022年高考英语山东卷)4 Shop holism seems to be a harmless addiction, but it can _. Some of them can be psychological. If this is the case, people addicted t

15、o shopping should go to a support group to help them break this habit. However, the process, like for most addictions, is long, and they suffer a lot. It can also cause financial problems.【答案解析】cause / bring about / result in many problems.【备考策略】做这类题时，要充分利用上下文提供的语境进行判断。本句中but一词是关键所在。练练吧2. 根据上下文的逻辑关系

16、A small family had its advantages. Firstly,Secondly However, _. The only child becomes the little emperor. It would make the one child ask more for him and think less of others. Besides, after the child grows up and gets married, the new couple has to take care of four old parents.【备考策略】很显然根据上下文，空白处

17、应填the small families also have their disadvantages. 3. 根据固定结构来填。高考英语一轮复习必修1 If you take the time to study a successful person, you will learn that the vast majority of them have had more “failures than they have had “successes. This is because successful people are persistent; _ the more they get ri

18、ght back up and try again. On the other hand, people who don't get back up and try again never reach success. For example, Colonel Sanders spent two years driving across the United States looking for restaurants to buy his chicken_ recipe. He was turned down 1 009 times! How successful is Kentuc

19、ky Fried Chicken today!四小结 难点：上下文连贯，语法正确。解题策略：1. 仔细推敲，注意上下文的逻辑性，关注文中表示比照、转折、递进、并列、因果等关系的关联词2. 把握上下文语境，分析句子结构，用适当单词、短语或句子的正确形式填空； 3. 明确所填内容的功能：承上；启下；还是承上启下。4. 把握作者的思路，简练表达，切忌偏离主题、断章取义；放回原文中检查，确保上下文连贯，语法正确。 宋武栋之妙语：2022阅读表达：1. 命题形式上的突破；无翻译；无替换句子2. 赋分上的突破；不平均赋分3. 学生得分的转变。平均分降低重点练标准答题；判分从严 从未设过开放性题目和best

20、 title: 明年一定会考翻译。阅读表达之翻译句子Step Presentation (2022年潍坊一模)Employees who self-reported high levels of honesty and modesty also received better job performance reviews by their bosses.那些老实并且信誉高的雇员由于老板的认可将会得到一份更好的工作。0 【7】那些有着高水平自我评价老实和有责任心的人，也就可以从老板那里得到一份更好的工作。1 【11人】雇员们谁对老实和谦虚自我评价高，也会从老板那里得到高的工作表现的看法。2 【

21、14人】自我评价老实度和谦虚度高的雇员，老板对其工作表现的评价同样也高。3 【8人】 忠实原文，表达流畅。典例精析 2022年潍坊一模【1】The more honest and modest an employee is, the more likely he or she is to receive a higher job performance assessment by their boss, according to research at Baylor University in Waco, Texas. 【2】As honesty and modesty increase, m

22、anager evaluations of job performance increase. 【3】 Employees who self-reported high levels of honesty and modesty also received better job performance reviews by their bosses.对老实与谦虚自我评价高的雇员，老板对其工作表现的评价同样也高。2022年山东卷【2】Over the years, shopping has become a very common activity. Many people enjoy goin

23、g to malls or stores more and more everyday, but its more than a common hobby for some of them. They have turned into shopaholics. They are people who simply enjoy shopping and walking around spending money without being able to stop doing it. They are hooked on shopping and usually buy things that

24、they dont need. Even though they dont have enough money, they buy everything they want.他们购物成瘾，而且通常买的都是用不着的东西。/他们购物上瘾，常买些不需要的东西。小结：阅读表达翻译句子主要考查考生理解英语语句的根本能力，是对学生综合语言知识理解和运用的考察，而且需要将其转译成汉语，因此又是对汉语表达水平的一种检测。要求翻译往往是较为复杂或者包括一些特定习语的句子。因此再翻译之前一定要先分析句子结构，并结合文章中心思想以及上下文弄清句子所在的语境，同时还要注意英、汉两种语言及其问题特征的差异，适当应用增词

25、、减词、词性转化、语序转化等技巧把英语中的从句拆分 从而把画线局部的句子翻译成符合汉语表达习惯的句子,即翻译本身讲究的信、达、雅。翻译的标准忠实和通顺。 忠实：把原文中的信息完整而准确地表达出来。 通顺：指译文标准，明白易懂，没有文理不通逻辑混乱的现象。 忠实是译文质量的根底，而通顺是译文质量的保证。 Summary:翻译句子金点子一Ø 读篇章 定主题Ø 析结构 抓主干练一练 2022年山东卷1One out of many important things for the whole family to do is to have dinner together. Res

26、earchers began reporting the benefits of family dinner about a decade ago, focusing mainly on how it affects children. 2Eating together helps families achieve open communication and build stronger and healthier relationships. 3 When parents have all this information they can better direct their kids

27、 toward positive things in life. They also have better chance to reduce the possibility that children will get involved with alcohol, tobacco, and illegal drugs.父母也有更好的时机来减少孩子沾染烟、酒及毒品的可能性。/父母也更有可能降低孩子染上抽烟、酗酒、吸毒等不良习惯的几率。Summary:翻译句子金点子二Ø 有代词 明内容Ø 观语境 重差异练一练 2009年山东卷Environments influence friendliness. One study found that people in the city were kiss likely to one hands with a stranger than those in the countryside. And researchers say, pleasure environments generally encourage more smiles and hellos than unpleasant ones. My experience