初中英语“六选五”解析

1、初中英语“六选五”解析中考英语“六选五”题对很多同学来说是失分点，这种题型主要是考查考生对语篇的阅读能力、理解能力、逻辑推理能力以及对上下文联系能力等。题型分析“六选五”选项特点该题型的选项大致可分为三类： 主旨概括句（文章整体内容）； 过渡性句子（文章结构）； 注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）。那么，另外一个多余的干扰项就可以通过这三个特点来排除。例如：主旨概括句要么过于宽泛要么以偏概全或偏离主题，过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构，注释性句子与上文脱节等。解题技巧1.先看选项六选五的答案选项较少，并且给出的都是句子，只看选项可以从以下几点着手： 看句子是否

2、完整； 看句子后面的标点符号。这样可以初步判断该句在文章中的位置。 有时可以通过选项，找出跟其他选项表达完全不同意思的句子，这样的话我们就可以直接将该选项排除。2.注意空前空后由于六选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。3.注意代词或定冠词在做这类题目的时候，一定要注意句子中出现的人称代词或者指示代词，因为大家知道，代词是指代一个名词或者一个句子的，那么通过代词在句子中所做的成分我们可以推断出它指代的句子的类型，我们要做的就是从选项中

3、找这类句型就可以了。4.注意一些特殊疑问词如果选项中或空前出现特殊疑问词，一定要把这句话仔细读几遍，因为对于不同特殊疑问词的回答方式是不一样的。例如：对why的回答，后面要有because等表原因的词；对when的回答，后面要有表时间的状语；对where的回答，后面要有表地点的名词；对how的回答，后面要有方式状语等。5.注意一些连词这里所说的连词有一些表示转折的连词：but，however，yet，though，never the less等，另外还有一些表示并列关系的连词如and，also，as well as，neither. nor，either .or，not only.but al

4、so，on one hand.on the other hand等。因为这些连词可以表现句子与句子之间的关系，通过不同的连词我们可以推知句子与句子之间不同的关系。解题六步法第一步：认真阅读文章的开头部分，以明确文章的基本话题；第二步：快速阅读首尾段、每段的首尾句以及文章中带转折词的句子，以便掌握文章大意；第三步：仔细阅读各个选项，并画出关键词；查看问题位置·问题在段首·(1)段落主题句，认真阅读后文内容，查找同义词或者相关词。(2)与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等，着重阅读后文第一二句，查找关键词，通常正确答案的最后一句与问题后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的。(3)段落间的过渡

5、句，承上启下。【补充】常见关联词1.并列与递进关系：and, or,  also,  neithernor,eitheror, in the same way, as well as,the sameas, besides, moreover（而且）, in addition to ,what is more2. 因果关系：because, for, since, as, therefore, so, sothat, thanks to, as a result, because of, for this reason, of course3. 转折让步关系：bu

6、t, however, yet, on the other hand, unfortunately, while,rather  than（要）而不是,instead of, it is true that, of course, although, though, even though, even if4. 时间关系：at first, at last, finally, first, firstly, in the first place, to start with（开始/首先），in the mean time, last, later, next, second, sec

7、ondly, then, third, thirdly, to begin with以及一些具体的时间。·问题在段尾·(1) 问题前的一句或两句重点阅读，找关键词。(2) 结论、概括性语句，查找关键词，如：therefore、as a result、in a word 等。(3) 与前文是转折或对比关系，注意在选项中查找查找、对比的关键词，同时注意选项中所讲的内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系（4）所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接。认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来 

8、;。(5) 如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题。通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案中应有这样的特征词。第四步：阅读各个空的前后句，并画出关键词；第五步：对比并匹配上述两类关键词，并按照先易后难的顺序选出答案。一旦确定一个选项，就要在该选项上做出标记，以免分散注意力；第六步：将选项带入文章中重读，依据行文逻辑检查核对，再次确定所选答案。【中考真题】BWe have found plastic in the ocean and in animals like birds, fish and whales. But for

9、 the first time, scientists have found plastic in human poop (大便) , USA Today reported. The findings came from a study led by scientists from Environment Agency Austria   51   The volunteers wrote down what they ate for a week and then provided a stool sample (大便样本) for test

10、ing.        52    About 20 small plastic particles (IM) were found in every 10 grams (克) of stool. "The smallest plastic particles can enter the blood, the lymphatic system, and may even reach the liver (肝脏)," said Philipp Schwabl

11、, who took part in the research.     53    Theyre not sure how the plastic got in the volunteers' bodies, either. But most of the volunteers said they drank from plastic bottles and also ate seafood that could include plastic from ocean pollution.In fact,

12、plastic is everywhere around us. Every year, lots of plastic waste goes into the ocean.54          Most of the particles stay in the ocean. Others can spread into the soil. and air. Could plastic in the air fall onto food and get into the human body? 

13、;   Some past studies may also give us a clue.     55       And even some drinking water has been found to have tiny plastic particles in it.根据短文内容从方框中选出五个句子填入文中空缺处使短文内容通顺完整。A.   There, sunlight and waves (海浪) break the plast

14、ic waste down to very small pieces.B. The scientists are sure that the plastic must be harmful to humans.C. According to USA Today, 90% of sea salt which is sold in the world includes plastic.D. The scientists followed eight healthy volunteers from different parts of the world.E. However, the scient

15、ists aren't sure if the plastic is harmful to humans.F. Scientists found nine different kinds of plastic in the stool samples, according to the study.【模拟试题】A    What is the most stressful thing in school It is probably exams. Exams can put us under a lot of pressure. But

16、 some students do well under pressure, while others feel terrible. 1. _      It all comes down to dopamine (多巴胺).  It has many important roles: influencing memory, attention and how we learn. Our brains work best when there is an even balance（平衡）of d

17、opamine not too much or too little.      The brain controls dopamine in two ways. It either takes out dopamine quickly, or gradually. Exam success can be related to how fast dopamine goes back to an even balance.       If you become stressed, yo

18、ur brain will start to overload (超负荷) on dopamine. The quicker you are able to go back to an even balance of dopamine, the quicker you can fix yourself perform better on a test.      Scientists found that,during a test, people who slowly got back to an even balance of dopami

19、ne scored 8 percent lower.  don't fear, there is some good news. The study also found that the more practice you get, the less stressed you'll be. So, it turns out that practice really does make perfect.根据短文内容从方框中选出五个句子填入文中空缺处使短文内容通顺完整。A. What happens when we sit for an e

20、xam?B. It is like a cup overflowing (溢出) with water.C. So, why do some students perform better under stress?D. That's the difference between a good mark and a bad mark.E. Dopamine is a chemical in our brain that sends information to our

21、 body.F. Is there anything that can help change the speed of dopamine getting into our body.BDawa Dorji has many jobs: singer, barkeeper and English tour guide, but he is the most famous as the lead singer of the first folk(民间的) pop band in Tibet(西藏)In 2003, Dawa Dorji met two fans of Tibe

22、tan music. 1.        ， and later another two joined the band.2        ， so they had to practise on weekdays in a small village after work. Dawa Dorji and his band members believed that they needed to communicate with the

23、ir audience(听众) in order to write good songs. 3.        .At the beginning, most audience were foreigners, but after a couple of months, many local people came to enjoy their music. 4.        .“Whenever there is a festiva

24、l, we Tibetans sing and dance. I sang songs with the old people, and I learned more about how to sing，” said Dawa Dorji.5        ， and many of them are from traditional ones.Dawa Dorji believes that their efforts(努力) are meaningful for introducing Tibetan folk

25、 music to the whole nation, and even the whole world.根据短文内容，从方框中选出五个句子填入文中空缺处，使短文内容通顺完整。ADawa Dorji was born in LhasaBEach member of the band had his own jobCThey became good friends and started a bandDAs a result, the band became more and more popularESo at weekends they rushed to restaurants to si

26、ng for freeFSo far, four albums(唱片) with 48 Tibetan language songs have come outC(2018·黑龙江绥化中考改编)If you live far from school, you may have to use lunch boxes to take lunch to school. Do you want to know what the early lunch boxes looked like 1.       From the

27、19th century, people used baskets to take meals. 2.         A tins were large enough for a piece of meat, some bread and some cheese. Walt Disney made the first “character” lunch box in 1935 by putting Mickey Mouse on the box.    3.  &

28、#160;      In 1950，TV cowboy, Hopalong Cassidy, agreed to put his picture on the outside of the blue and red lunch boxes. Over the next 30 years, different popular characters controlled the market, such as Aladdin, Miss America, and the Flying Nun. The Florida government sai

29、d that the metal boxes could be used as weapons(武器) and they were dangerous for        In 1986, people began to use lunch boxes which were made of plastic. 5.         Now we can see many plastic lunch boxes with beautiful pictures

30、 on them.根据短文内容，从方框中选出五个句子填入文中空缺处，使短文内容通顺完整。ABy the 1860s, people started making tins to take meals.BThe plastic lunch boxes weren't used by people.CLet's see the history of lunch boxes.DChildren liked this kind of lunch box very much.EThe plastic lunch boxes have been using since then.FThe

31、last metal lunch box was made in 1985.DIn Yingxiu Town of Wenchuan, Qi Jianfeng attended the 10th anniversary(周年纪念日) of Wenchuan Earthquake with hundreds of doctors and volunteers. 1.       Wenchuan was hit by a strong earthquake on May 12th, least 69，000 people we

32、re killed and more than 375，000 were hurt. 2.         Soldiers and doctors quickly arrived in the area. At that time, they were saving people and rebuilding(重建) homes. 3.         he wanted to help those who had lost their families or homes. Qi Jianfeng worked as a volunteer a