全国教育硕士专业学位推荐教材 英语(毛大威主编) 考点整理

1、Unit 1Literature Prepare Yourself Do you know ?communication satellite通讯卫星mobile telephony移动通讯intelligent robot智能机器人clone克隆telecommunications远程通讯How do you say it ?文学 literature科幻小说 science fiction空间旅行 space traveling外星人alien人类社会human society高技术high-technology信息时代 information age信息产业 information ind

2、ustryMake up a sentenceIt took 100 years before the moon landings predicted by the French writer Jules Verne actually took place.法国科幻小说家Jules Verne预言的人类登月，整整用了100年才变成现实。Text1Whats the Big Idea?Imagination is more important than knoeledge.Word Glossarysponsor 英'spns 美'spnsn. 赞助者；主办者；保证人vt. 赞助

3、；发起prominent英'prmnnt美'prmnntadj. 突出的，显著的；杰出的；卓越的fiction英'fk()n美'fknn. 小说；虚构，编造；谎言hostile英'hstal美'hstladj. 敌对的，敌方的；怀敌意的n. 敌对frivolous 英'frv()ls美'frvlsadj. 无聊的；轻佻的；琐碎的mutual 英'mjutl; -tjl美'mjutuladj. 共同的；相互的，彼此的suspicion 英s'sp()n美s'spnn. 怀疑；嫌疑；疑心；一点儿vt.

4、怀疑speculation 英,spekj'len美,spkju'lenn. 投机；推测；思索；投机买卖remarkably 英ri'ma:kbliadv. 显著地；非常地；引人注目地robotic 美ro'btkadj. 机器人的，像机器人的；自动的n. 机器人学telephony 英t'lef()n美t'lfnin. 电话（学）；电话制造predict 英pr'dkt美pr'dkt想vt. 预报，预言；预知vi. 作出预言；作预料，作预报alien 英'eln美'elnadj. 外国的；相异的，性质不同的；不相

5、容的n. 外国人，外侨；外星人vt. 让渡，转让emerge 英'md美'mdvi. 浮现；摆脱；暴露vision 英'v()n美'vnn. 视力；美景；眼力；幻象；想象力vt. 想象；显现；梦见dominate 英'dmnet美'dmnetvt. 控制；支配；占优势；在中占主要地位vi. 占优势；处于支配地位Expressions and Phrasesin reality 实际上；事实上call for 要求；需要；提倡；邀请；为叫喊in the middle of 在中间deal with 处理；涉及；做生意in search of 寻找；

6、搜寻play a role in 在起作用Notes“He backs a company which produces intelligent robots, capable of learning new tasks from their environment.”他主办了一家公司，主要生产智能机器人，这种机器人能够根据它所处环境而学习处理各种任务。本句中capable of learning new tasks from their environment做定语修饰intelligent robots，起补充说明的作用。SECTION B.Vocabulary studyA. Compl

7、ete each of the following sentences by choosing the right word or expression fron the box and make changes where necessary.predict reveal dominate in search of play a major role in预料揭露支配、占主导作用搜寻在方面起主要作用call for in reality speculation a wide range of respect号召实际上推测广泛的尊重1、They got there in the late af

8、ternoon and went around in search of a place to stay. 他们在下午晚些时候到达那里并四处寻找栖身之地。2、The astronomers were questioned on a wide range of subjects from physics to psychology. 宇航员被问到广泛的问题，从物理学到心理学。3、As people spend more time watching TV and reading the newspapers, the media plays a major role in influencing

9、their opinions. 注意复数加s因为人们花大量的时间看电视、看报纸，媒体在影响他们的观点上发挥了主要作用。4、There was a strange silence about what was happening, but the details of the murder were finally revealed by the local paper. 人们对于关于当时发生的事情表现出奇怪的沉默，但是谋杀的细节最终被当地报纸揭露出来。5、After another round of negotiations, they finally signed a declaration

10、 calling for an immediate ceasefire. 经过又一轮谈判之后，他们终于签署了号召立即停火的宣言。6、Xiao Ling always seems so self-confident, but in reality she is extremely shy. 小玲看起来总是很自信，但实际上她十分害羞。7、I have to admit that she is very nice as a hostess, but she dose tend to dominate the conversation. 我不得不承认她是个非常好的主持人，但她确实试图在整个谈话中占主导

11、作用。8、Out of respect for the whishes of her family, the accident was not reported in the local media. 为了尊重她家人的愿望，这个事故没有在当地媒体中报道。9、The company's expansion was predicted on the assumption that sales would rise.曾经有人预料假设销售量上升这家公司就会扩张。10、Any suggestion of an imminent crash in stock market is pure spec

12、ulation. 股票市场即将崩溃的任何建议都纯粹是推测。B.Choose the appropriate word for each sentence ,using the proper form.culture / cultural1. The students attended a class entitled “Beyond Tradition ”,in which they discussed the effect of technology on traditional culture . 学生们上了一堂名为“超越传统”的课，课上他们讨论了技术对传统文化的影响。2. China h

13、as a vast territory and abundant resources .She is a large country with a long history and a rich cultural heritage . 形容词，后加名词中国领土宽广，资源丰富。她是一个历史悠久文化遗产丰厚的大国。sponsored/sponsoring 赞助、资助第一个是动词/现在分词+名称3. At the conference , the minister accused the organization of sponsoring terrorism . 会上，部长指控该组织资助恐怖主义。

14、介词后面要加ing 变成动名词4. The research program is sponsored by a large computer company. 该研究项目由一个大计算机公司赞助。表示被赞助complication/complexity 复杂/复杂性5. The drop in student numbers added further complication to the situation. 学生数量的减少使得情况更加复杂。6. Now he was getting a lesson in the complexity of diesel engines. 词组现在，他从

15、柴油发动机的复杂性中得到了教训。dominate/prevail 支配、占统治地位/流行、取胜、占优势7. Being a member of Animal Adoration Society, she seems to think that animal rights should prevail over everything else . 词组作为一个动物崇拜会的成员，她似乎认为动物的权利应优于一切。8. It was obvious that her husband completely dominated her. 显然，她的丈夫完全支配着她。注意过去时加dinvestors/sup

16、porters 投资者/支持者9. As one of the leading candidates for the presidency, he still needs the help of his supporters to win the election . 作为一名主要的总统候选人，他仍然需要他的支持者们帮助他赢得选举。注意加S，复数。10. In most cases, investors are entitled to a reasonable return on their money . 大多数情况下，投资者有权得到他们投资的合理回报。注意加S，复数。SECTION CII

17、I Sentence correction 句子改错第9页破折号后面的是正确答案1. Eventually he realizes what-（that）they are asking themselves a question which has never occurred to him. 最后，他意识到他们正在问自己一个从来没在他身上发生过的问题。2. Modern drugs have a new role to be played-（to play） in controlling diseases of the mind . have a role to play, 发挥作用，不用被

18、动语态3. she has a cheerful disposition and has kept in contact for -（with）most of her friends from college . in contact with 词组，和接触4. After another round of negotiations ,they called on -（for）the immediate release of the hostages . call for ，词组号召，呼吁5. There were some delays on the road because of heav

19、y traffic and it spend -（took） him there hours to get to the airport. It took him some time to do, 花了某人多少时间干某事SECTION D. Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.Science fiction is a literature genre developed in the 20th century in which the fiction writer addresses how scientific discoveries

20、, technological developments, and future events and societal changes affect human beings. The description of these influences may be a careful and informed extrapolation of scientific facts and principles, or it may range into farfetched areas flatly contradictory of such facts and principles. 科幻小说是

21、20世纪发展起来的一种文学体裁，科幻小说作家在其作品中描述科学发现、技术进步以及未来的事情和社会变化如何影响人类。对这些影响的描写，可能是对科学事实和原理的一种细致而有根据的判断，或是描写与这些事实和原理完全矛盾的令人难以置信的一些领域。. Translate the following paragraph into English.由于现代科学的兴起,特别是天文学和物理学的巨大变革，科学幻想小说的出现才成为可能。真正的科幻小说始于19世纪末儒勒凡尔纳的科学幻想浪漫故事，不过，凡尔纳的科学只是停留在发明的水平上。Science fiction was made possible only by

22、 the rise of modern science itself, notably the great revolutions in astronomy and physics, Science fiction proper began toward the end of the 19th century with the scientific romances of Jules Verne, whose science was rather on the level of invention.Unit 2BusinessPrepare Yourself Do you know ?stoc

23、k holder 股东 taxing authority 税务机关charitable organization 慈善机构nonprofit firm 非盈利公司sales forecast 销售预测economic forecast 经济预测How do you say it ?管理 management协调 coordinate 运作operate人力资源 human resources 经费 funds决策make decisions政府部门governmental agencies金融机构financial institution Make up a sentenceHuman res

24、ources can achieve maximum productivity only when they have access to appropriate types of physical resources.只有当人力资源与物质资源的正确类型相匹配时，才能实现产出最大化.Text 2A Definition of ManagementGood management is a vehicle for social progress.SECTION B.Vocabulary studyA. Complete each of the following sentences by choo

25、sing the right word or expression fron the box and make changes where necessary.require acquire operate comprehend motivate maintain 要求获得操作、经营理解激励维持adapt to be certain access to coordinate component convert 适应于肯定进入协调组成部分转变1、As an excellent manager, he is very good at motivating his employees. 作为一名杰出

26、的经理，他非常善于激励他的员工。2、Their principal activities are to serve the French corporations operating abroad. 他们的主要活动是为法国公司的国外经营服务。3、The two rival companies maintained close relations for ten years. 两家竞争公司维持了10年的密切关系。4、A large complex organization can be slow to adapt to changes. 一个大型的复杂组织适应变化可能比较缓慢。5、The abi

27、lity to use a language can be acquired only by the act of using the language. 使用一门语言的能力可以通过仅仅使用这门语言就能够获得。6、A password is needed to get access to the computer system. 加入电脑系统需要密码。7、Good records are required for the preparation of complete and accurate tax documents. 为了准备完整有精确的税收文件需要完善的记录。8、They read t

28、he story, but only a few fully comprehended its meaning. 他们读了这个故事，但是只要少数几个人完全理解它的意思。9、They converted the medieval castle into a beautiful theater. 他们把这个中世纪的城堡变成了一座美丽的戏院。10、The doctor was certain after examining his wounds that he could not possibly live. 在检查完他的伤势之后，这个医生确定他不可能存活。B.Choose the appropri

29、ate word for each sentence ,using the proper form.Process/procedure 过程、步骤/程序1. John did not follow the correct procedure in applying for the job. 约翰在申请工作时没有遵循正确的程序。2. The firm is now on the process of moving the machines to a new factory .词组该公司现在正在将机器搬往新工厂的过程中。Coordinate/cooperate 协调/合作3. The scient

30、ists from the two medical schools are cooperating in the attempt to find a cure for the disease. 注意进行时加ing来自两个医学院的科学家正合作试图找到治愈该疾病的方法。4. They appointed a new manager to coordinate the work of the team. 他们任命了一位新经理来协调该团队的工作。Objetive/objection 目标/反对5. He set an objective for the new organization to prov

31、ide free legal aid to the poor. 他为新组织设立了目标，为穷人提供免费的法律援助。6. The main objection to program was that it would cost too much . 该项目的主要反对是它可能花费太大。effctive/efficient 有效的/高效的7. They used a new drug in the treatment that is effective against the cancer . 他们在治疗过程中使用新药物，该药物对付癌症非常有效。8. A successful manager need

32、s an efficient secretary. 一个成功的经理需要一名高效的秘书。Productive/productivity 高产的/产量9. The installation of the new machinery has doubled the productivity of the factory .安装新机器使得该工厂的产量翻倍增加。10. The new training program made the workers highly productive .新的培训计划使得个人生产力提高。III .Prepositions and adverbs Fill each bl

33、ank with an appropriate preposition or adverb. 1. He said that they should examine all the costs involved in the project first. 他说他们应该首先检查这个工程涉及的成本。固定词组，涉及2. Dealing with this diversity of human resources in the 2010s and beyond will be a significant challenge to managers. 固定词组，对挑战在2010年和之后处理人力资源的多样

34、性并将对经理们是个重大的挑战。3. Smiths Tuesday morning experiences are typical of managerial work, which is varied, fragmented, and difficult to plan and organize. 固定词组，典型的史密斯星期二早上的经历是典型的管理工作，这种工作是多样的、散碎的并且很难计划和组织。4. Effective managers may be one of a developed countrys most valuable resources, and they are one o

35、f the most needed resources in less developed countries . 效率高的经理可能是发达国家最有价值的资源之一，他们在不太发达的国家是最需要的资源之一。 less 副词，修饰形容词，表示较少的5. The specific tasks of a manager in a college or university department differ from those of people managing in other organizations .大学部门经理的具体任务不同于在其他组织中从事管理工作的人的任务固定词组，不同于6. Bad

36、 management results in poor employee morale, poor quality, low productivity, and unnecessary employee-employer conflicts . 固定词组，导致劣质的管理导致职员士气不佳，质量差，产量低以及不必要的雇主和员工之间的冲突。7. Errors in judgement for job hunting can prevent even the finest candidate from landing the job she or he wants .固定词组，在方面的错误。求职的判断

37、错误会阻止最好的候选人得到他或她获得想要的工作。8. The business plan is a written document that clearly defines the goals of a business and outlines the methods for achieving them . 固定词组，的方法商业计划是一份书面文件，该文件明确规定了商业的目标并列出了实现目标的方法。9. Rapid technological developments in transportation and communications have brought the peoples

38、 of the world closer together in a physical sense. 固定词组，在意义上交通和通讯方面的快速的技术发展已经使得全世界的人们在物理意义上更加接近。10. A recent survey revealed that 54 percent considered a foreign language necessary for doing business abroad . 副词，在国外最近的调查显示54%的人们认为一门外语是在国外做生意所必须的。SECTION C.情态动词（Modal verbs）情态动词与其他动词一起构成谓语，表示“可以、能力、可能

39、性、允许、建议、必须、应该、需要”等含义；常用的情态动词有can、could、may、might、must、ought、need等，其中ought接动词不定式，其他情态动词接动词原形。上面情态动词的语气顺序：由左向右逐渐加强might may could can ought should mustATranslate the following Chinese sentences into English using appropriate modal verbs.1、她说不应当允许发生这样的错误。 She said that such errors ought not to be allow

40、ed. 2、在挑选计算机时，你必须要选择合适的软件。When choosing a computer, you will need to select the right software. 3、我们在工作中可能会有机会与国外的专家进行交流。 In our work, we may occasionally communicate with experts in other countries. 4、如果一个人要在商界成功的话，就必须克服这些困难。These obstacles must be overcome if one is to be successful in the busines

41、s world. 5、市场调研十分重要，搜集到的信息可以增加你盈利的可能性。Market research is very important, the information which has been gathered can increase your profit potential. 6、 因为没有一家公司的财政经费有它所期待的那么多，所以公司必须就如何使用其有限的资金进行决策。 Because no company has many financial resources as it would like to have (as might have been expected)

42、, decision must be made regarding how these limited resources will be used.B. Complete the following sentences by using the proper modal verbs for the verbs in the brackets.1. I was waiting all the morning. You should have told（tell） me you werent coming. 我整个早上都在等，你本应该告诉我你要来的。2. There must have been

43、 (be)a bad accident here. Look at all the broken glass around. 这儿肯定发生了严重事故，看到处是破玻璃。3. I should like to have been told (tell) the result earlier . 我本来希望早点被告知这个结果的。4. You neednt have carried (not carry) all those parcels by yourself .The shop would have delivered them if you had required it . 你本不需要亲自运

44、送这些包裹的。商店会送过来如果你要求的话。5. No one dared to question (question) the order of the commander at that time . 当时，没人敢怀疑指挥官的命令。6. I cant find my mobile phone. I may have left (leave) it in the restaurant yesterday . 我找不到我的手机了。我可能昨天掉在旅馆了。7. Since youve finished with these magazines, you may as well sell (sell)

45、them and make some money. 既然你已经看完了这些杂志，你不妨卖掉它们赚些钱。8. -Look! Those people who are coming into the hall are carrying wet umbrellas . -It must be raining /must have been raining (rain)outside. 瞧，那些进入大厅的人们正带着湿雨伞。外面肯定在下雨/肯定已经下过雨。Sentence correction1. Believe it or not ,his success was due in -（to）luck .

46、due to 词组2. The changes have been apparent at -（over）the past five years. Over 在过去的五年中。3. In addition for- (to )English, the students learn art ,music and history . in addition to 词组，除了以外。4. Tim likes outdoor activities. He will go out other -( rather) than stay home. Rather than 词组，而不愿5. She hasnt

47、made up her mind as for -（to）where she will spend her holiday . as to 词组，关于SECTION D.Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.Managerial economics is the study of the application of economic principles of decision-making in business firms or in other management units. The basic concepts are de

48、rived mainly form microeconomic theory, which studies the behavior of individual consumers, firms, and industries, but new tools of analysis have been added. Statistical methods, for example, are becoming increasingly important in estimating current and future demand for products. 管理经济学研究将经济学原理运用于企业

49、公司或其他管理部门的决策之中，其基本概念主要来自研究个体消费者、公司和行业的经济行为的微观经济学，但加进了新的分析方法。例如各种统计方法在估计产品当前和今后的需求中已日渐重要。.Translate the following paragraph into English.好的管理是实现个人和社会目标的不可缺少的内容。好的管理可以创造高质量的工作和高生产率，可以把冲突减至最低程度和最大限度地促进合作，所有这些会使经济不断改善，而这又为个人发展和社会进步打下很好的基础。 Good management is a vital element in achieving personal and soc

50、ial objectives. Good management can creat high quality and high productivity, minimize conflicts and maximize cooperation, all of which lend to an improving economy which lays an excellent foundation for personal development and social progress.Unit 3TravelPrepare Yourself Do you know ?tourist resor

51、t旅游胜地 landscape scenery 山水风光virgin forest 原始森林hitchhiking 沿途免费搭乘他人便车旅行outdoor adventures户外冒险活动 a camper 野营者How do you say it ?远足hike兜风go for a ride观光sight-seeing探险explore, exploration交游go outing滑雪 skiing冲浪surfing睡袋sleeping bag导游图 tourist map夏令营summer campMake up a sentenceOnce in the wilderness, you

52、r chief worry will be, not how to avoid other hikers, but how not to get lost!在空旷的野外，你最担心的不是避开旅游高峰，而是怕迷了路！Text1Enjoy the Great OutdoorsHappiness takes no account of time.SECTION B.Vocabulary studyB. Complete each of the following sentences by choosing the right word or expression fron the box and ma

53、ke changes where necessary.accessible to push off at a price a craving for 能接近的启程昂贵的渴望negotiate accommodate unique consistently谈判留宿独特的一贯1、Housing could be obtained at a price . 高价才能获得住房。2、Medicine should not be kept where it is accessible to children. 药物不能放在孩子们能够接近的地方。3、Patrick is not sure whether h

54、e can （ negotiate the turn）at the bottom. 帕特里克不能肯定在底端他是否能够拐弯。这是一个固定词组-拐弯4、The hungry beggar had a craving for food, any food left by the guests.这个饥饿的乞丐非常渴望食物，客人留下的任何食物。5、Let's push off early so that we'll get there before nightfall. 我们早点启程吧，那样我们就能在天黑之前到达那里。6、John and Armstrong maintain consi

55、stently a high standard. 约翰和阿姆斯特朗一贯保持高水平。7、Those foreign students are accommodated in Canadian homes near the campus for a three-week orientation program. 这些外国学生在校园附近的加拿大人的家里住宿为了进行三星期的迎新活动。8、Each person's signature is unique and that will help us to find out if this document is a forgery. 每一个人的签名都是独特的，这将帮助我们查明这个文件是伪造的。C.Chose the right word to complete each of the following sentences.Accessible/available 可到达、可接近的/提供的、可用的1. Since 1978, the amount of money available to buy books has fallen by 17% .自1978年以来，可以用来买书的钱减少了17%。2. The building has been