2017高考英语重点语法形容词和副词

1、2017 高考英语重点语法 ：高考英语常考语法总结形容词和副词形容词、副词是每年高考必考点之一 ，近几年语境综合化程度越来越高，难度加大。高考热点有：形容词、副词词义辨析; 原级、比较级、最高级的使用 ;倍数的表 达方法 ; 比较等级的修饰语; 多个形容词的排列顺序; 常见形容词、 副词的惯用法等。关于形容词与副词这一考点，主要考查以下几个方面：1. 考查形容词和副词的基本用法形容词在句中一般作定语、表语、补语，而副词在句中主要作状语。2. 考查形容词作定语的后置规律形容词作定语一般位于所修饰的名词前， 但下列三种情况形容词要后置： 形容词短语作定语时 ; 表语形容词作定语时; 修饰复合不定代

2、词时。3. 考查多个形容词作定语的排序多个形容词修饰名词时， 其排序规律是： （ 限定词+程度副词+） 描绘+大小 （长短、高低 ）+形状 +年龄（新旧 ）+颜色+国籍或产地+物质材料+类别或用途+名词。4. 考查副词在句中的位置规律副词修饰形容词或其它副词时，一般位于被修饰词的前面，但enough却要放在被修饰的形容词或副词的后面。5. 考查-ed形容词和-ing形容词的区别-ed形容词，通常说明人，意为“（某人）感到” ；-ing形容词通常说明 事物，意为“（某事物）令人”或“令人的（事物）”。6. 考查两种不同形式的副词的用法差异即考查与形容词同形的副词与形容词后加ly 构成的副词的区别

3、。7. 考查形容词和副词的比较等级。8. 考查比较等级的修饰语。考点 1： 在具体的语境中辨析形容词与副词的语义从复现的频率来看， 此点是高考对形容词、 副词考查的第一大热点。 解答此类题关键是要分析具体的语境，结合基本词义、搭配等来选择正确的答案。经过统计，常见常考的形容词和副词有（ 按频度排列 ） ： even; interested;interesting; yet; hardly; just; therefore; though; too; very; common; effective; either; ever; fair; however; less; more; nearly;

4、 only;purposefully; rather; still; such; surprised; surprising还有以下形容词和副词应当熟悉和掌握： a good many; a number of; acceptable; accidentally; actively; adequately; already; another; anxious; anyway; ashamed; attentiv ely; bad; badly; besides; better; but; careful; changeable; cheap; comfortable; convenient;

5、eagerly; easy; encouraging; enha-ncing; equal; even though; eventually; fairly; far; fewer; following; formally; friendly; gen-erously; gradually; heavily; historic; hopefully; immediately; inaccessible; individual; inevit-able; initial; instead;invisible; largely; never; next; no; normal; nowadays;

6、 obviously;ordin-ary; other; otherwise; patient; plenty of; prac-tical; promoting; proper; quickly; readily; reasonable; remote; seldom; seriously; shor t; so; stimulating; traditional; unavailable; unav-oidable; unfavorable;unfortunately; usual; va-rious; weak; well考点 2：考查形容词、副词的比较级、最高级及前面的修饰语【备考清单

7、】1） 比较级、最高级的选用及应用范围比较级、 最高级常用于表示两者或多者间的比较。 复习中须注意如下句型的用法： as + 原级 adj. / adv. + as 表示“和一样”及 not as / so + 原级adj. / adv. + as 表示“不如”。例如：（94 全国 ） John plays football as well as, if not better than, David.The piano in the other shop will be cheaper, but not as good.as + 原级adj. + a（n） + n. + as 表示“跟一样”。

8、例如：（2001 全国 ） It s generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.（2003 北京 ） Our neighbour has as big a house as ours. 比较级+ than 表“比更”及less . than 表示“不如 例如：This year they have produced less grain than they did last year.This road is wider than that one.the + 比较级，the + 比较级表示“越,

9、就越”。例如：（93 上海 ） It s believed that the harder you work, the better result you ll get.the +比较级+ of the + 名词/代词表示两者中“较的”。例如：Who is the younger of the two boys?比较级+比较级（越来越）。例如：Our country is getting stronger and stronger.Things became worse and worse from then on.用 the last 表示“最不可能的”、 “最不适合的”、 “最不希望的”等

10、。 例如 :The last thing I want to do is to offend you我最不愿意做的就是惹你生气。He is the last man I want to seefc是我最不希望见的人。2） 形容词、副词原级、比较级、最高级前的程度状语 注意一些形容词或副词前的特定修饰语。例如：（2004 广东 ） Sometimes it was a bit boring to work the re because there wasn always that much to do.（ 那样多 ）I quite like it. They are quite differen

11、t / wrong.quite possible / impossibleMy hometown is much changed.much to my surprise艮让我吃惊）be well worth doing （很值得做 ） 比较级前常可用 still, even, much, far, a lot / little / few / bit, rather, any, a great deal, so far, by far, no等词修饰。（注意 more不用于修饰比较级） 。例如：（94 全国 ） If there were no examinations, we should

12、have a much happier time.（2000 上海 ） You re standing too near the cinema. Can you move a bit farther?This is by far the better. 最高级可用序数词、much、 by far 、 nearly 、 almost 等词修饰。例如：Afri ca is the second largest continent.The Pacific is by far the largest ocean.I like this film the very best / much the bes

13、t.考点 3： 形容词作表语，形容词、副词作后置定语【备考清单】1) 形容词用于系动词后作表语在最近几年高考试题中系动词加形容词作表语的情况出现过很多次。 高考对此点的考查集中于区别到底是系动词还是一般动词并选择合适的形容词， 而不是副词作表语。常见的联系动词有如下三类：表示感觉的系动词： sound, look, taste, appear, smell, feel, see稀表示变化的系动词：become, fall, get, turn, grow, make, come, gO表示状态存在的系动词：remain, keep, stay, continue, prove, lie, st

14、andi。2) 形容词、副词作后置定语【备考清单】常见的几种修饰语后置的情况有： 形容词修饰something, nothing,anything, everything 等不定代词时要后置。 present 作“出席的”时只作后置定语。表语形容词如 alive, asleep, awake, alone等只能作后置定语。副词修饰动词时, 放在动词之后 。修饰形容词或副词时, 放在被修饰词之前。enough修饰形容词、副词时要后置，修饰名词时可放在名词的前后。形容词短语修饰名词作主语时要后置。用 and 或 or 连接的形容词作定语时要后置, 起强调作用。表数量的词作定语时要后置。副词修饰形容

15、词的特殊词序 ,“ so, as,how, too + 形容词 + 单数可数名词”。考点 4： 倍数表达法【备考清单】三种常见倍数表达法：1) 倍数 + as + 原级形容词 + a s . 。例如：This road is three times as long as that one.例如:2) 倍数 + the size / length / width / depth / height of .The river is five times the width of that one.3) 倍数 + 比较级 + than + 被比较对象。例如：The sun is a million

16、times larger than the earth.考点 5： 多个形容词作定语时的排序问题及语序不同意义不同的词组【备考清单】1) 多个形容词作定语时的排序问题多个形容词作定语时的排序一般遵从如下规律：如果两个以上的形容词修饰一个名词时， 与被修饰的名词关系较密切的形容词靠近名词; 如果几个形容词的密切程度差不多，则音节少的形容词在前，音节多的在后。例如：a small wonderful gift常用的顺序为：限定词+描绘性形容词(beautiful)+大小、长短、高低等形容性形容词+(large, long, high)+新旧(old)+颜色(red)+产地(Chinese)+材料(

17、wood)+用途(writing)+ 被修 饰名词 (desk)记住以上规则是必要的，但还应多阅读、多体会，增强语感是关键。例如：all these last few days最近的这些日子some beautiful little red flowers 一些美丽的小红花a high red brick wall 一堵高高的红砖墙a beautiful white Japanese military jeep一辆漂亮的白色日本军用吉普车其中限定词的排列顺序为：all / both / half / double / 倍数词 / 分数词 + 冠词 / 指示代词 / 物主代词 / 名词所有格 /

18、 some / any / no / every / each 基数词+/ 序数词 / little / few / last /next / other / another / more形容词的排列顺序为：大小、长短、高低、新旧、 颜色、产地、材料、用途、类别等。尽管以上给出了排序的基本规律， 但由于所涉及的词太多， 想要记清楚确实有难度。下面给出四句口诀辅助记忆：所有这些词， 顺序往后数;美小圆旧黄，法国木书房。上面口诀中前两句主要用于解决排在最前边的多个限定词之间的顺序。 它可 以应用于 all （ 所有 ） these （ 这些 ） last （ 顺序 ） few （ 数量 ） day

19、s 短语中。这 个短语基本上可以体现多个限定词之间的先后顺序。口诀后两句可对应一句话“This is a charming small round old yellow French wood reading room.其中多个形容词之间的先后顺序基本上可以在这一句中得以体现， 而且汉语歌诀的形式将使记忆更形象、 更深刻。 利用以上歌诀时最好是“抓两头”， 即牢记排在最前边的限定词及排在最后边的形容词，如产地、材料、用途等，则能轻松突破此难点。考点 6： 考查形容词与副词区别 , 易混词带有-ly 的形容词、副词及复合形容词【备考清单】1） 注意如下有无 -ly 的形容词和副词的意义区别：wi

20、de / high / deep（具体的意义）宽 / 高/深 widely / highly / deeply（抽象意 义）广泛地/ 高度地 / 深深地most 十分、非常/ 最多 （大） 的mostly 主要地、绝大多数地、多半close靠近地closely 密切地、仔细地late迟的，迟到的lately 最近、近来direct直接（主要用于谈论路程和时间，和straight意思相同）directly直率地、 立即2） 注意合成形容词本质上是一个形容词，其合成部份中的名词不能变为复数形式。例如：He wrote a two-thousand-word report.His uncle is

21、6 feet tall. He is a forty-year old man.3） “名词 + ly 构成的是形容词，而不是副词”。这类形容词有friendly, lovely, weekly, monthly, daily 等4） 有些词既可以作形容词也可以作副词。例如 :He got up late, so he was late for school again.Can you see that straight road? Go straight along this road, you ll find thesupermarket at the end.This maths pro

22、blem was hard. I thought hard and got the answer at last.【精选试题】 名校模拟题及其答案1. How beautifully she sings! I have never heard voice.A. a better B. a best C. the better D. the best2. Professor White has written some short stories, but he is known for hisplays.A. the best B. more C. better D. the most3. T

23、he plane flew smoothly in the sky and people spoke of theexperienced pilot.A. high;high B. highly;highly C. high;highly D. highly;high4. What do you think of the concert?Oh, it wassuccess.A. a very B. quite a C .so D. really5. I haven t seenthis since I collected stamps.A. as old a stamp as B. so an

24、 old stamp asC. stamp as old as D. as an old stamp a6. The task is too much for me, so I can t carry on any longer. I must getsome help.A. singly B.simply C.alone D.lonely7. Have your working conditions improved?-No, than before, I m afraid.A. no better B.a little batter C.not worse D.no worse8. To

25、their great relief, the missing child returned home, , after anabsence of two weeks.A.felt tired and sound B.tiring and soundlyC.feeling tired but soundly D.tired but sound9. We must keep our room clean, for dirt and disease go, you know.A.hand in hand B.step by step C.from time ti time D.one zfter

26、another10. How are you getting on with your classates? . I ve got to know them all.A. Far better B.Much pleased C.Very comfortable D.Very good11. It is always difficult being in a foreign country, if you don tspeak the language.A.extremely B.naturally C.basically D.especially12. It is generally beli

27、eved that teaching is it is a science.A.an art much as B.much an art as C.as an art much as D.as much an art as13. It is re ported that the United States uses energy as the whole ofEurope.A. as twice B. twice much C. twice much as D. twice as much14. John Smith, a successful businessman, has a car.A

28、. large German white B. large white GermanC. white large German D. German large white15. This girl is Linda s cousin.A. pretty little Spanish B. Spanish little prettyC. Spanish pretty little D. little pretty Spanish16. Mr. Smith owns collection of coins than anyone else I have ever met.A. larger B.

29、a larger C. the larger D. a large17. Did you enjoy yourself at the party? Yes. I ve never been to one before.A. a more excited B. the most excited C. a more exciting D. the most exciting18. Are you going to have a holiday this year? I'd love to. I can't wait to leave this place .A. off B. ou

30、t C. behind D. over19. There were a lot of people tsanding at the door and the small girl couldn t getA. between B. through C. across D. beyond20. I thought she was famous, but none of my friends have heard of her.A. even B. ever C. just D. never21. （2008年天津市十二区县重点学校高三毕业班联考（一），英语，33） You don t go to

31、 that supermarket quite often, do you? No, I only go there because it s too far away from my house.A. eventually B. constantly C. occasionally D. frequently22. （2008年天津市十二区县重点学校高三毕业班联考（二），英语，3）Mydaughter cares more for new clothes than anything else in the world, so she is very about what she wears.

32、A. special B. strict C. especial D. particular23. （2009年东北三省三校第一次联合模拟考试英语试题，英语， 24）Well, that s just the deal. price will be out of my reach.A. The higher B. A higher C. The highest D. A highest24. （唐山市2008 2009学年度高三年级第一次模拟考试， 英语， 20）Much tomy surprise, the eight-year-old boy fixed my computer withi

33、n ten minutes.A.skillfully B.immediately C.normally D.nervously25. （银川一中2009届高三年级第一次模拟考试，英语， 33）Attention, coffeelovers! We have for you, the best coffee machine invented.A. ever B. already C. even D. nowadays26. （2008学年绍兴一中第一次高考模拟试卷，英语， 36）It is to spendmoney in preventing illnesses by promoting he

34、althy living rather than spending it trying to make people after they are ill.A. good; good B. well; better C. better; better D. better; good27. （2008 2009学年度南昌市高三第一次模拟测试卷， 英语， 31）The increase of the number of the students makes the limited computers not to eachstudent.A.available B.affordable C.hel

35、pful D.acceptable28. （湖北省黄冈中学2009 届高三第一次模拟考试，英语， 28）Food safety isimportant, so the government spares no efforts to prevent food pollution.A.strongly B. reasonably C.highly D. naturally39.（四川省资阳市2009届高三上学期第一次模拟考试, 英语， 8）10,000dollars is a large sum of money， but it is still than we need for a new ho

36、useA.very few B.very little C.far fewer D.far less30. （山东省莒南一中2008 2009学年度高三第一学期学业水平阶段性测评，英语 ,22）Wouldn t it be for you to pick me up at four o clock and take me to the airport.A.free B.vacant C.handy D.convenient 答案与解析1 . 【解析】 A 容易误选 D ，认为最高级前要用定冠词。其实此题最佳答案为 A, 该句可视为 I have never heard a better voi

37、ce than her voic亚省略，全句句意为 “她唱得多好啊!我从未听过她这么好的声音”。2 . 【解析】 C 此题首先不宜选 B 或 D ， 因为 well known 的比较级和最高级通常是 better known和 best known,有时也可以是 more well known 和 most well known, 但通常不能是 more known 和 most known。至于是选 A还是 C, 这就 要看语境。由于句中涉及的只有 stories 和 plays 两个对象，故应选比较级。3 . 【解析】 C high in the sky 是个形容词短语， 意为 “高高地

38、在天上” 。 同时，speak highly of 是个词组，表示 “高度赞扬 ”的意思。4 .【解析】B quite a , quite some用以指人或物不寻常，如 We had quite a party.（我们的聚会不一般。）It must be quite some car.那辆车可不比寻常。）5 .【 解析】 A 表示 “象这么旧的邮票”可用以 下形式表达： as old a stamp as this;a stamp as old as this;否定句中前一个 as可用 so。6 .【解析】C 句意：这项任务对我来说太重了，我再也不能单独自己做了，我必须找个助手。 Singl

39、y 各自的， 一个一个地;simply 简单的， 仅仅， 只不过 ;alone独立，单独 ;lonely 孤独的，寂寞的。7 . 【解析】 A 你们的工作条件改善了吗?-没有，和以前一样（不好 ）。 no+比较级+ than表示 两者同样不的意思”。8 . 【解析】D 句意：使他们宽慰的是，丢失的孩子两周后又重返家园，虽然很疲惫但很健康。形容词作状语表示伴随或结果，不表示动作的方式。9 . 【解析】A 句意：我们必须保持室内卫生，你知道脏乱与疾病是分不开的。hand in hand-happenning together and closely connected切相关的， 同时发 生的。本句

40、还可说成： Dirt goes hand in hand with disease.10 . 【解析】 A 句意： 你和你们班的同学相处的如何?好多了，我和他们都认识了。答语为省略句，补全后应为： I m getting on far better with my classmates.11 . 【解析】 D 本题考查副词的词义辨析。注意掌握词语的准确含义，结合语境进行分析。A项意为 极端地”；B项意为 自然地”；颂 墓本上”；D顼 尤其， 特别地 ”。 根据句意 “如果你不会讲（它的）语言，在国外你就总会困难重重 ”可知答案。12 .【解析】D本题可 从考查形容词的同级比较点入手。在同级比较

41、as- as句式中，如果as 后面的形容词作定语且其所修饰的名词前有不定冠词时，该冠词须置于形容词之后， 即形成“ as +形容词+ a / an + 单数可数名词 + a s 结构。”这道题在名词专题中也有解析，不同的是观察视角不同，应注意培养发散思维。13 .【解析】D表示倍数的twice（两倍）要放在第一个as前，即 悟数+as+形容 词 （+名词 ）+as ”。故选 D。14 .【解析】B large是 大小”，German是 产地"，white是 颜色”其排列顺 序应当是 “大小 +颜色 +产地 ”。故选 B 。15 . 【解析】 A pretty 是描绘性形容词， little 是表示大小的形容词， Spanish 是表示国籍的形容词，所以，它们的排序是pretty little Spanish。